Objective To analyse 35 cases with failure and malfunction hemodialysis access managed by interventional radiology. Methods 35 cases with failure and malfunction hemodialysis access were examined by angiography and treated by interventional management subseqently. 26 cases of thrombosis occlusilon were treated with thrombolytic therapy and 15 cases of malfunctioning hemodialysis access were done with PTA. Results The initial angiogram showed 9 patients with simple stenosis while 26 patients with thrombosis occlusion, with concurrent stenosis in 13 patients. The rate of immediate recanalization of thrombolysis was 88.4% (23/26). The PTA was successful in 12 cases, 7 of the 13 cases concurrent with stenosis and 8 cases with simple stenosis while the other 3 cases of the 15 cases confronted failure. Follow up was made in 6 patients concurrent with stenosis without further management and 3 patients failure to conduct PTA after thrombolytic therapy. Recanalization occurred in 7 cases within 1 month and then did in all the cases in 3 month. Conclusions Angiography and subsequent interventional management play a critical role in the diagnosis and treatment of failure and malfunction hemodialysis access.

Objective To evaluate the curative effect of interventional therapy in treating arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO),and to discuss the related factors that may affect the postoperative recurrence.Methods The clinical data of 137 patients with lower extremity ASO (184 affected limbs in total),who were treated with interventional management during the period from January 2011 to October 2014,were retrospectively analyzed.After the treatment,the patients were followed up for 18 months.The arterial patency was checked up periodically,and the related factors that might induce recurrence were analyzed.Results The technical success rates for diseased iliac artery,femoral popliteal artery and infrapopliteal artery were 97.4％,92.5％ and 88.6％ respectively,while the technical success rates for TASC Ⅱ A,B,C and D type lesions were 97.4％,96.1％,89.7％ and 87.0％ respectively.Follow-up check-ups showed that the arterial patency rate of infrapopliteal artery was lower than that of iliac femoral artery and popliteal artery (P＜0.05),the restenosis rate of TASC Ⅱ C and D type lesions was higher than that of TASC Ⅱ A and B type lesions (P＜0.05).Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that diabetes mellitus,smoking and hyperlipidemia were the independent risk factors that could affect postoperative recurrence.Conclusion For the treatment of lower extremity ASO,interventional therapy is safe and effective.The postoperative restenosis rate is related to the location and type of the diseased arteries.Effective control of blood sugar level,smoking cessation and lipid-lowering measures can help reducc thc incidence of postoperative recurrence.

Surgical robots, as a new means for surgeons, have been gradually applied in orthopedics. Initially, the development of orthopedic robots was stagnant for a long time because of limited techniques available, clumsy equipment, high costs, and low market demands. The recent decade has witnessed rapid growth of artificial intelligence in all walks of life, increasing investment in research and development, reducing manufacture costs and expanding demands for precise and individualized medical treatment so that a wide variety of novel and ingenious robotic systems have been proposed, prototyped, and commercialized in most of the major procedures in orthopedic surgery, including knee and hip replacements, cruciate ligaments surgery, spine surgery, corrective osteotomy, bone tumor surgery, and trauma surgery. This review depicts the history of development and future prospects in application of surgical robots in the field of orthopedics.

Objective To discuss the clinical value of benefiting Qi and activating blood circulation on crit-ical limb ischemia(CLI)of lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans(ASO)after intervention. Methods Totally 43 patients with CLI were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. Patients in control group re-ceived basic treatment and interventional therapy,and those in treatment group additional benefiting Qi and activat-ing blood circulation for 6 months.The ankle brachial index(ABI),clinical symptoms and patency rate of vascular in 1 month,3 months and 6 months after angioplasty were analyzed and compared. Results ABI in treatment group 1 month,3 months and 6 months after angioplasty was increased when compared with that in control group (P<0.05),and the incidence rate of claudication and rest pain was significantly lower than that in control group 3 months and 6 months later(P<0.05).The patency rate of vessels in treatment group was higher than that of con-trol group and there was significant difference between the two groups(P < 0.05). Conclusions Benefiting Qi to activating blood circulation could improve the clinical efficacy and reduce the degree of restenosis in patients with CLI.