Objective To investigate the affecting factors of postoperative restenosis in patients with Trans Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus-Ⅱ(TASC-Ⅱ)type C or D atherosclerosis obliterans(ASO)treated with endovascular intervention.Methods Eighty-one patients who underwent endovascular interventional treatment for ASO were included and were followed up continuously for two years after the procedure.Also,the pre-and post-treatment data of the restenosis group and the nonstenosis group were compared and statistically analyzed to clarify the affecting factors of restenosis as well as the value of the related factors in predicting the postoperative restenosis in the preoperative period.Results The incidence of restenosis in 81 patients was 40.74％within two years after the interventional treatment.The unifactorial results showed that the comparison of ankle brachial index(ABI),age,gender,smoking history,body mass index(BMI),procedure,number of stent placement,lesion length,hyperlipidemia,coronary heart disease,diabetes mellitus,and hypertension between the two groups was not statistically significant(P＞0.05);the comparison of blood biochemical indexes in the levels of hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),fibrinogen,neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),homocysteine(Hcy),and cystatin C(Cys C)showed a difference of statistically significant(P＜0.05);binary logistic regression results for fibrinogen level,hs-CRP,NLR,Hey,and Cys C were all independent risk factors for postoperative restenosis[odds ratio(OR)=40.501,4.507,4.381,1.509,and 23.094,P＜0.05].The results of receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves showed that hs-CRP,NLR,and Cys C could effectively predict ASO postoperative restenosis,with area under the curve(AUC)of 0.683,0.637,and 0.632,and cutoff values of 4.225,3.465,and 1.000,respectively(P＜0.05).Conclusion Post-interventional vascular restenosis in ASO patients is correlated with the levels of fibrinogen,hs-CRP,NLR,Hcy,and Cys C.Also,hs-CRP,NLR,and Cys C may be used as blood biochemical indexes to predict post-interventional vascular restenosis in ASO patients.