BACKGROUND:The physical properties of macromolecule ocular prosthesis materials, such as density, hardness, mechanical strength, can affect the working accuracy of ocular prosthesis and can also affect the surface roughness of ocular prosthesis, thus affecting the comfort when the patients wear.
OBJECTIVE:To study the differences of different macromolecule ocular prosthesis materials in bubble generation rate, hardness and surface roughness.
METHODS:Thirty-seven test pieces, 30 mm×30 mm×2 mm, were made and then divided to seven groups according to their brands, caled groups A, B, C, D, E, F, G, each group of five pieces. One surface of each test piece was polished in accordance with the principle of coarse to fine, the surface roughness of the two surfaces and hardness on the polished surface were measured, and then the bubble formation rate of the material was calculated.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The surface roughness values of groups A-G were (0.078±0.016), (0.074±0.019), (0.075±0.022), (0.066±0.020), (0.075±0.017), (0.068±0.015), and (0.067±0.017) μm, respectively. There was no significant difference in the surface roughness between the groups (P > 0.05). The hardness values of groups A-G were 766.92±3.71, 771.84±14.51, 791.20±9.64, 804.50±4.49, 779.00±17.92, 772.20±19.18, 704.00±7.23, respectively. There was a significant difference in the hardness between groups D, G and the other groups (P < 0.05) as wel as between group D and group G (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the other groups (P > 0.05). The bubble generation rates of groups A-G were (8.87±0.29)%, (8.29±1.02)%, (6.94±0.43)%, (4.83±0.20)%, (7.59±0.19)%, (8.61±0.25)%, (4.89±0.17)%, respectively. There was a significant difference in the bubble generation rate between groups D, G and the other groups (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between group D and group G (P > 0.05), as wel as between the other groups (P > 0.05). To a certain extent, the smaler the bubble formation rate is, the greater the hardness and the smaler the surface roughness are.

BACKGROUND:The micro-ecological environment has been broken when the ocular prosthesis was inset into the conjunctival sac. The recede of self cleaning function is more conducive to the microbial growth and colonization. The cleaning of plaque biofilm on ocular prosthesis surface affects the patient's wearing comfort and quality of life. It is necessary to seek an effective cleaning method. OBJECTIVE:To compare the clearance effect of five cleaning methods on the palque biofilm on ocular prosthesis surface. METHODS: The conjunctival secretions from 84 patients who were subjected to ocular prosthesis repair were taken for bacterial culture and identification. Fifty pieces of self-curing resin and thermosetting resin artificial eyes were produced. The artificial eyes in each group were randomly divided into five groups, and were cleaned respectively with clear water, volume fraction of 75% ethanol, Boston SIMPLUS, polident and toothpaste. After the completion of the cleaning, the test piece was conducted residual biofilm culture. The clearance effects of different processing modes were evaluated using colony counting method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Eighty-four specimens were submitted for inspection, of which 49 were positive. The Staphylococcusaureus separation rate was 14.29%.Staphylococcus epidermidis separation rate accounted for 13.10%. Maxwel Corynebacterium separation rate accounted for 7.14%. When water, Boston SIMPLUS and toothpaste were used for cleaning, theStaphylococcus aureus colony number in the self-curing resin group was higher than that in the thermosetting resin group (P< 0.05); when ethanol and polident were used for cleaning, there was no difference in the Staphylococcus aureus colony number between these two groups. In self-curing resin, the colony count in the clear water treatment group was higher than that in the other treatment groups (P < 0.05). The colony count in the ethanol treatment group was lower than that in the Boston SIMPLUS group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the colony count between other groups. In thermosetting resin, the colony count in the clear water treatment group was higher than that in the other treatment groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the colony count between other groups. These results demonstrate that ethanol, Boston SIMPLUS, polident and toothpaste have better cleaning effects onStaphylococcus aureusbiofilms on the surface of two kinds of ocular prostheses than the clear water rinse. Overal, it is encouraged to clean the artificial eyes using polident and Boston SIMPLUS, in order to avoid the occurrence of microbial infection in the conjunctival sac after wearing ocular prosthesis.

BACKGROUND:Surgical accuracy is a key to surgical success.The traditional positioning method mainly depends on surgeons' experience,which is too subjective to cause screw misplacement.Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology-assisted pedicle screw placement can make individualized surgical scheme,most importantly,it is accurate and simple showing promising application prospect.OBJECTIVE:To design an individualized pedicle guide plate with 3D printing and to simulate screw placement in vitro,and to explore its feasibility in vertebral pedicle screw placement.METHODS:Lumbar spine CT data of 11 patients with degenerative lumbar spine were selected from April 2016 to July 2016 at Hebei General Hospital,and 3D reconstruction of L1,L3 and L5 vertebrae of each case was performed.Pre-experiment was conducted based on one patient's lumbar CT data:according to the principle of screw placement,the screw position and orientation were designed to prepare the best pedicle guide plate model.Afterwards,the screw placement in vitro was simulated,and was then cut by chainsaw to verify the accuracy of screw placement.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) A total of 30 pedicle guide plates were used,and 60 screws were inserted in the patients,and the placement process was successful.The guide plates adhered well,none appeared with screw perforating the pedicle cortex,and the screw position was accurate and reliable.(2) There were no significant changes in the transverse section and sagtial section angles of the left and right pedicle screws before and after placement (P ＞ 0.05).(3) These results suggest that the 3D-printed individualized pedicle guide plate holds a good accuracy of placement,which can be applied in the vertebral pedicle screw placement,but further clinical trials are needed.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment on clinical periodontal measurements, glycemic control, and level of serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in type 2 diabetes mellitus with chronic periodontitis patients.

METHODSPatients with type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis were selected and classified into well-controlled group[glycated hemoglobin Ac(GHbA1)<7.00%, n=30, DMCP1 group] and poorly-controlled group (GHbAc > or = 7.00%, n = 30, DMCP2 group). Thirty systemically healthy patients with chronic periodontitis were recruited as control group (CP group). All subjects underwent non-surgical periodontal therapy. Plaque index(PLI), sulcus bleeding index(SBI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth(PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), serum sICAM-1 concentration, and the value of fasting plasma glucose(FPG), GHbAc were recorded at baseline, 1 and 3 months after periodontal treatment.

RESULTSThe three study groups showed significant improvements for the levels of PD, SBI, PLI, BOP, and serum sICAM-1 concentration at 1 and 3 months after non-surgical periodontal treatment (P < 0.05). The level of CP group and DMCP1 group also showed significant improvements for the levels of CAL (P < 0.05), but no significant change was found in DMCP2 group (P > 0.05). At 3 months after periodontal treatment, GHbA1c levels in DMCP2 group significantly decreased by 1.12% (P < 0.05), whereas no significant changes were found in CP and DMCT groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONNon-surgical periodontal treatment can siginificantly improve periodontal health status in patients with type 2 diabetes and periodontitis, reduce the level of serum sICAM-1, and can reduce the level of GHbA1c in poorly controlled type 2 diabetic patients.

Blood Glucose ; Chronic Periodontitis ; Dental Plaque Index ; Dental Scaling ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; Periodontal Index