Prostate cancer is the most prevalent male urogenital malignancy.Androgen deprivation therapy is the principal method for initial treatment for the patients,but the majority of them will eventually develop progressive disease,a status called castration-resistant prostate carcinoma.Lots of susceptibility genes,tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes,and their variations rdevant to the occurrence and development of prostate cancer have been revealed by the studies of molecular oncology.These findings on the molecular basis of prostate carcinogenesis will further improve the strategies on prevention,diagnosis and clinical management for prostate carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the influence of follow-up treatment compliance on prognosis after gastroesophageal varices treated under endoscopy.Methods Up to 416 liver cirrhosis patients after gastroesophageal varices treated under endoscopy were follow-up and divided into compliance group and control group according to whether the patients had follow-up treatment compliance condition.The factors caused the difference of follow-up treatment compliance were analyzed.The differences in the follow-up indexes such as rebleeding,mortality,rehospitalization were compared between the two groups.The differences in indexes between two groups were stratifiedly analyzed according to liver function Child-Pugh classification.Chi-square four data table test was for two independent samples comparison.Results The differences of education level,income and the medical condition of residential area determined the difference of follow-up compliance.After gastroesophageal varices patients treated under endoscopy,the total rebleeding rate was 35.1 ％ (146/416) and and the mortality rate was 9.4％ (39/416).The rebleeding rate and mortality rate of the compliance group were significantly lower than those of control group (26.1％ (61/234) vs 46.7％(85/182),x2=19.137,P＜0.01; 6.4％(15/234) vs 13.2％(24/182),x2=5.533,P=0.019).Among the 273 Child-Pugh A level patients,the detection rate of liver cancer (3.7％,10/273),liver transplantation rate (3.7％,10/273),splenectomy plus portal azygous disconnection rate (6.6％,18/ 273) of compliance group were higher than those of control group (x2 =4.086,P =0.043; x2 =4.086,P=0.043; x2 =5.515,P=0.019).Among the 102 Child-Pugh B level patients,there were statistical differences between compliance group and control group in rebleeding rate (x2 =21.297,P＜0.01),motality (x2=3.525,P=0.042),ascites (x2=4.451,P=0.035),life quality (x2 =10.454,P=0.001) and liver function (x2 =8.197,P=0.004).However,there were no statistical differences in all indexes between the two groups of Child-Pugh C level patients (all P＞0.05).Conclusion To improve the follow-up treatment compliance remarkably,decreased the rebleeding rate and mortality,contributed to early detection of liver cancer and early liver transplatation,thus the prognosis was improved consequently.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of long-term domiciliary oxygen therapy (LDOT)in accompany with pummonary rehabilization program on the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods Seventy two COPD cases receiving LDOT treatment were randomized into treatment group and control group.The patients in control group were given LDOT alone,while the treatment group was given pulmonary rehabilization besides LDOT.Lung functions,arterial blood gas parameters and blood rheological parameters were compared between the two groups 2 years after the observation.Results The follow-up period lasted for 1 - 2 years.The frequency of acute exageration in the treatment group ( 3.0 ± 1.3 ) was significantly lower than that of control group (4.0 ± 1.6) ( t =1.893,P ＜ 0.05 ).Compared with that of control group,the FEV1([1.59±0.08]L vs.[1.41 ±0.13]L,t =-3.966,P ＜0.01),FVC ([2.47 ±0.20]L vs.[2.27 ±0.17]L,t=-2.788,P＜0.05),FEV1％ ([2.47±0.20]％ vs.[2.27±0.17]L,t=-4.402,P＜0.01) and PaO2 ( [79.1 ± 8.9 ] kPa vs.[ 60.0 ± 6.6 ] kPa,t =- 4.622,P ＜ 0.01 ) were significantly increased,while plasma viscosity ( [ 2.14 ± 0.31] mPa · s vs.[ 2.44 ± 0.45 ] mPa · s,t =1.985,P ＜ 0.05 ),Low shear blood viscosity ( [ 13.48 ± 1.97 ] mPa · s vs.[ 14.33 ± 1.87 ] mPa · s,t =2.126,P ＜ 0.05 ),median shear whole blood viscosity( [ 6.33 ± 0.66 ] mPa · s vs.(7.92 ± 0.98 ) mPa · s,t =4.238,P ＜ 0.01 ),high shear whole blood viscosity ([4.58 ±0.59] mPa · s vs.[5.33 ±0.68]mPa · s,t =0.3890,P ＜0.01) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( [ 30.63 ± 5.76 ] mm/1 h vs.[ 35.63 ± 6.925 ] mm/1 h,t =2.230,P ＜ 0.05 ) was greatly decrease.Conclusion Long-term domiciliary oxygen therapy in company with pulmonary rehabilization program is helpful to improve the lung function,arterial blood gas parameters and rheological status of COPD patients.

Objective To analyze the types and risk factors of community-acquired infections (CAI)in diabetic patients by system analysis method of evidence-based medicine.Methods China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),Wanfang database,VIP database were searched by computer,domestic published researches on CAI and related risk factors in dia-betic patients were aggregated,Meta-analysis was conducted by stata 1 1 .0 software.Results A total of 1 2 literatures were included in the study .The average rate of CAI in diabetic patients was 39.55% (22.12%-55.86%).The major infec-tions were respiratory system infection(40.74%),urinary tract infection(27.35%),tuberculosis(10.80%),skin and soft tissue infection(9.19%),and hepatobiliary system infection (5.57%).Stratified analysis on risk factors revealed that OR and OR95%CI of chronic complication,age,disease course,glycemic control,gender,type of diabetes,subtype of ketoac-idosis was 1.63(1.45,1.82),1.30(1.19,1.42),1.47(1.35,1.61),0.68(0.61,0.76),0.69(0.64,0.75),1.37 (1.13,1.66 )and 0.87(0.62,1.23),respectively.There was no publication bias and combined results were stable. Conclusion The main CAI in diabetic patients are respiratory system infection,urinary tract infection,tuberculo-sis,skin and soft tissue infection,and so on ;several factors,such as female,older age,long-term disease course, poor glycemic control,and complication,can contribute to the increase of CAI in diabetic patients.

Prostate cancer is the most prevalent male urogenital malignancy.The tumor cells are prone to castration-resistance after androgen deprivation therapy.Variation and reactivation of androgen receptor,and the change in the tumor microenvironment are the major pathological factors for development of castration-resistant prostate carcinoma (CRPC).Systematically analyzing and understanding the mechanisms for castration-resistance of prostate carcinoma will be significant for laying the basis for improvement of the strategies on precise treatment for CRPC.

Objective:To investigate the serum level and significance of complement factor B (CFB) and complement factor D (CFD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).Methods:From October 2019 to October 2020, 110 patients with T2DM in the endocrinology department of Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College were divided into DPN group ( n=60) and simple T2DM group ( n=50) according to whether or not DPN was combined. In addition, 52 cases of physical examination population in the physical examination center in the same period were selected as the normal control group ( n=52). The serum levels of CFB, CFD and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The correlation between CFB, CFD and clinical indexes was analyzed, and the influencing factors of DPN were analyzed by logistic regression. Results:The serum levels of CFB and CFD in DPN group were higher than those in T2DM group and normal control group [CFB: (845.43±101.10)μg/ml vs (792.19±116.59)μg/ml, (739.20±123.43)μg/ml, P<0.05], [CFD: (491.71±41.03)mg/L vs (467.58±45.16)mg/L, (445.16±50.47)mg/L, P<0. 05]. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the serum level of CFB was positively correlated with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and TNF-α (all P<0.05) and negatively correlated with triiodothyronine (FT3) and total bilirubin (TBIL) (all P<0.05). Serum CFD level was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure, HbA 1c, FPG and TNF-α (all P<0.05), but negatively correlated with FT3 and TBIL (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that CFB and CFD were still influential factors for the occurrence and development of DPN after excluding confounding factors such as systolic blood pressure, HbA 1c, FPG, FT3, DBIL, TBIL and TNF-α. Conclusions:(1) Serum CFB and CFD levels were significantly increased in DPN patients, suggesting that CFB and CFD may be involved in the occurrence and development of DPN. (2) Serum TNF-α level was significantly increased in DPN patients, confirming the role of TNF-α in the pathogenesis of DPN.

Objective To survey the prevalence of greenhouse farmer's lung and related risk factors in part of rural areas of Liaoning Province.Methods Using uniform scheme,procedures and questionnaire,a survey for 5420 farmers(2660 men and 2760 women)with complete data who work inside greenhouses was performed in Shenyang,Xinmin,Chaoyang,and Jinzhou between August 2006 and June 2009.Pulmonary function tests was performed for every active farmer.Results Greenhouse farmer's lung was diagnosed in 308 cases,205 men(66.55%,205/308)and 103 women(33.44%,103/308),a prevalence of 5.7%(308/5420).The prevalence rate of greenhouse farmer's lung in males was significantly higher than that in females(?2=39.93,P0.05).In the 308 cases,the number of patiernts presented with fever chill,cough/sputum,chest tightness/shortness of breath were 180(58.44%),192(62.34%),160(51.95%)respectively,and the number of crepitations,radiological changes,spirometry abnormalities and serum IgE antibodies(+)was 164(53.25%),153(49.68%),147(47.73%)and 136(44.16%)at the time of the study.62.34%(192/308)of patients with greenhouse farmer's lung were mild and 38.66%(116/308)were severe.Conclusion The total prevalence rate of greenhouse farmer's lung in part of rural areas of Liaoning Province was 5.7% and multiple risk factors were associated with the disease.