AIM:To investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) in colorectal cancer ( CRC) cells, and to observe the effect of MEG 3 on the invasion and migration of CRC cells .METH-ODS:The levels of MEG3 in human normal colon cell NCM 460 and CRC cells SW48 and LoVo were detected by real-time PCR.MEG3 was over-expressed by plasmid transfection , and the effects of MEG 3 on the invasion and migration of SW 48 and LoVo cells were analyzed by Transwell assay and wound healing assay .The expression of matrix metalloproteinase ( MMP) family proteins was determined by Western blotting .RESULTS:The level of MEG3 was down-regulated in CRC cells compared with normal colon cell NCM 460.The invasion and migration of CRC cells were reduced after MEG 3 over-ex-pression.Transwell invasion and migration assays showed that the numbers of transmembrane SW 48 and LoVo cells were smaller in MEG3 over-expression group than control group (P<0.05).The cell spaces were broader after MEG3 over-ex-pression in the wound healing assay , indicating that MEG3 over-expression inhibited the mobility of CRC cells .Meanwhile, over-expression of MEG3 reduced the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9, and elevated the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2).CONCLUSION:The expression of MEG3 is down-regulated in CRC cells.Over-expres-sion of MEG3 inhibits the invasion and migration of CRC cells .TIMP-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 might play an important role in this regulation .

Objective To improve the diagnosis of germinomas in basal ganglia area by analysing the imaging manifestations.Methods Clinic,pathologic and medical imaging data of 8 cases of germinomas in basal ganglia area confirmed pathologically were analyzed retrospectively.Results 8 cases were all men,the age ranged from 5~13 years old with mean age of 10.5 years.All cases had change of muscle strength on one side of extremity,and one case accompanied by intracranial hypertension,this case was showed the effect of space occupying of the tumor obviously and hydrocephalus on CT and MRI.The findings of CT and MRI showed cystic degeneration in 4 cases,slight edema around the tumor in 2 cases,cortex atrophy of the same side of tumor in 2 cases and calcification in the tumor in 2 cases.All cases were enhanced greatly.The pathologic specimen with rich supply of blood was gray-red,and cystic degeneration was seen in 4 cases.Conclusion CT and MRI features of germinomas in basal ganglia area are quite characteristic,the improvement of diagnosis can be achieved in combination with clinical manifestation.

Objective:To investigate the effect of PTS on the related pathophysiological changes and serum IL-6 level at different time points after the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rat’s brain.Methods:The model of focal cerebral ischemia of rat was established by the suture-occluded method.The effect of PTS on the behavioral disturbance,the pathological change of ischemia tissue and the level of serum IL-6 at different time points(3d,7d,28d) after MCAO and cerebral ischemia in rats were studied.ResultsAfter MCAO,different degrees of motion disturbances were observed in all rats.The infarct spot can be observed in all groups except the normal.The nerve cell necrosis can be found in all rats after 24 hour of MCAO.The result showed that PTS could improve the degree of motion disturbance,reduce the infarct spot obviously;after MCAO,the serum IL-6 were increased obviously but could be reduced by PTS.Conclusion:PTS can protect the neurons,reduce and eliminate the infiammatory reaction of cerebral ischemia cascade reaction effectively,which may relate to its inhibiting effect on cell factors such as IL-6 production after cerebral ischemia.

Objective To investigate the safety of rituximab combination chemotherapy in the treatment of B-cell non-Hodgkin' s lymphoma (B-NHL) complicated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection,and assess the incidence of HBV reactivation reduced by prophylactic lamivudine.Methods A retrospective study of HBV-related markers,HBV-DNA and liver function was performed before and after rituximabcontaining treatment in B-NHL patients.Thirty nine B-NHL patients with HBcAb(+)/HBsAb(-) were divided into prophylactic group (14 cases) and control group (25 cases).The incidences of HBV reactivation,functional damage of liver were measured.Results Among the 108 B-NHL patients who received rituximab combinatio nchemotherapy,15 (13.89 ％) were HBsAg (+) and 39 (36.11％) HBsAg (-) / HBcAb (+).Of the 15 HBsAg (+)patients,2 (13.3 ％) experienced reactivation of HBV.The prevalence of HBV reactivation was 7.7 ％(1/13) in patients who received prophylactic antiviral treatment and 50 ％ (1/2) in those who did not receivelamivudine.Among the 39 HBsAg (-) / HBcAb (+) patients,3 cases (7.7 ％) experienced reactivation of HBV.The prevalence of HBV reactivation was 0 in patients who receivcd prophylactic lamivudine treatment and 12 ％ (3/25) in those who did not receive this antiviral drug.Conclusion Prophylactic lamivudine before rituximab combination chemotherapy can reduce HBV reactivation obviously.

Objective To analysis long-term effects and safety of arsenic trioxide (ATO)-based induction and maintenance therapy in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Methods Retrospective analysis induction remission and post-remission treatment of 62 newly diagnosed APL patients was performed. These cases were followed up for 5 and 7 years. Results The complete remission (CR) rate was similar in ATO/all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induction group and ATRA/chemotherapy induction group.However, the former group has the shorter time to CR. The negative rate of PML-RARα fusion gene after induction without ATO was less than that of ATO group (86.2 % vs 56.3 %, P ＜0.05). After CR, the 5-year overall survival (OS) between ATO-base rotation maintenance group and chemotherapy-base rotation maintenance group showed that the former was (94.4±5.4) %, the latter is (45.5±10.2) %; 7-year OS was (52.5±23.7) % and (27.3±9.3) %; 5-year disease free survivals (DFS) was (94.7±5,5) % and (41.3±10.1) %; 7-year DFS was (52.6±23.7) % and (27.5±9.4) %. There was significant different in 5-year or 7-year OS and DFS between two groups (P ＜0.05). The relapse rates of the two groups in post-remission treatment were 14.7 % and 37.0 % (P ＜0.05). Conclusion ATO combined ATRA induction therapy increased the negative rate of PML-RARα fusion gene. ATO-base rotation maintenance improved long-term outcome and decreased the rate of relapse. Furthermore, ATO appeared to be generally safe and well tolerated.

Whether children can exercise their medical decision-making power has always been a controversial topic in law and ethics, and it is also the focus of attention of people from all walks of life. In this regard, combined with the problems existing in the exercise of children’s medical decision-making power, such as conflict with the right to life and health, insufficient guarantee of the right to informed consent system, and the legal guardian’s exercise of children’s medical decision-making power may not be in the best interests of children. This paper discussed the dilemma and feasibility of children’s exercise of medical decision-making power from three aspects: children’s right to life and health, the evaluation of informed consent and medical decision-making ability, and the thinking of children’s informed consent and medical decision-making ability, and pointed out that children who are able to make self-determination should be fully endowed with legal medical decision-making power, so as to ensure their best interests in medical clinic.

Whether children can exercise their medical decision-making power has always been a controversial topic in law and ethics, and it is also the focus of attention of people from all walks of life. In this regard, combined with the problems existing in the exercise of children’s medical decision-making power, such as conflict with the right to life and health, insufficient guarantee of the right to informed consent system, and the legal guardian’s exercise of children’s medical decision-making power may not be in the best interests of children. This paper discussed the dilemma and feasibility of children’s exercise of medical decision-making power from three aspects: children’s right to life and health, the evaluation of informed consent and medical decision-making ability, and the thinking of children’s informed consent and medical decision-making ability, and pointed out that children who are able to make self-determination should be fully endowed with legal medical decision-making power, so as to ensure their best interests in medical clinic.

Objective: To understand the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of enterovirus (EV)-associated diseases among children in Beijing from 2010 to 2016. Methods: This was a repeated cross-sectional study. The throat swabs were collected from children with probable EV-associated diseases at the Children' s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from 2010 to 2016. The samples were sent for pan-EV, enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) detection by real-time fluorescence reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) . The viral types of non-EV-A71 and non-CV-A16 EV-positive samples were identified using modified RT-PCR and sequencing with CV-A6, EV-A/B group and 5 'UTR universal primers. The constituent ratios of the prevalence of different EV types in different age and gender groups were compared. Results: Of the 2 703 throat swabs, 1 992 (73.7%) samples were positive for EV, including EV-A71 (19.1%, 516/2 703), CV-A16 (24.3%, 658/2 703), CV-A6 (22.2%, 600/2 703), CV-A10 (4.5%, 122/2 703) and other types of EV (3.5%, 95/2 703). There was 1 case of EV-A71 and CV-A16 co-infection. The positive detection rate of EV-A group (excluding EV-A71, CV-A16, CV-A6 and CV-A10) increased from 11.3% (7/62) to 95.2% (59/62) after using the modified VP1-specific primers and PCR amplification conditions. During the period between 2010 and 2012, CV-A16 and EV-A71 predominated in EV-positive samples. However, CV-A6 accounted for 60.7% (68/112) in 2013, much higher than CV-A16 (23.2%, 26/112) and EV-A71 (12.5%, 14/112). In 2014, EVs were mainly of CV-A16 and EV-A71, but CV-A6 was the predominant type in 2015 (68.2%, 232/340) and in 2016 (38.6%, 151/391). The epidemic season of EVs was mostly from April to August, but CV-A6 showed a small epidemic peak from October to November. The male-to-female ratio of EV-positive patients was 1.50∶1, and EV-associated diseases mostly occurred in children under 5 years of age. Younger children were more susceptible to CV-A6 than to EV-A71 and CV-A16. Conclusions From 2010 to 2016, there was a significant change in the spectrum of EVs in children with EV-associated diseases in Beijing. Since 2013, non-EV-A71 and non-CV-A16 increased, and CV-A6 gradually became one of the major pathogens of EV-associated diseases. The modified PCR primers and amplification conditions can effectively improve the reliability of test results.

Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of icotinib and gefitinib in the treatment of advanced(stage Ⅳ) lung adenocarcinoma patients with epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) sensitive gene mutation. Methods: Fifty-four advanced(stage Ⅳ) lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR sensitive gene mutation were selected.According to the random number table method, the patients were divided into two groups, with 27 cases in each group.The icotinib group received icotinib hydrochloride targeted therapy, and the gefitinib group was orally given gefitinib.The clinical efficacy, quality of life score, adverse reactions, progression free survival(PFS) were compared between the two groups. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in clinical curative effect between the two groups[complete remission(0 cases vs.0 cases), partial remission(9 cases vs.8 cases), stable(12 cases vs.14 cases), progress disease(6 cases vs.5 cases), objective response rate(33.3% vs.29.6%), disease control rate(77.8% vs.81.5%), Z=1.060, χ²=0.143, 0.100, all P>0.05]. After treatment, the differences of body function, social function, psychological function, common symptoms and side effects, specific modules in the gefitinib group were not statistically significant compared with those before treatment(t=1.402, 1.199, 1.840, 1.860, 1.275, all P>0.05). The icitinib group had better body function, psychological function, common symptoms, side effects and specific modules than before treatment(t=2.525, 3.335, 4.477, 3.778, all P<0.05). The psychological function, common symptoms and side effects, specific module life quality scores in the icotinib group were (39.72±4.23)points, (38.84±4.67)points, (38.94±4.56)points, respectively, which were higher than (37.08±5.14)points, (35.48±5.02)points, (35.85±4.97)points in the gefitinib group(t=2.061, 2.546, 2.380, all P<0.05). The incidence rate of Ⅰ-Ⅱ grade adverse reactions between the two groups had no statistically significant difference (χ²=4.667, P>0.05). The incidence rate of Ⅲ-Ⅳ grade adverse reactions of the icotinib group was 7.4%, which was lower than 25.9% of the gefitinib group(χ²=9.000, P<0.05). The total incidence rate of adverse reactions of the icotinib group was 40.7%, which was significantly lower than 70.4% of the gefitinib group(χ²=25.694, P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in mean PFS between the two groups in the 19delete mutation of EGFR gene(t=0.795, P>0.05). The average PFS of the icotinib group under EGFR gene 21L858R mutation was (14.62±3.85)months, which was longer than (10.73±5.61)months of the gefitinib group(t=2.971, P<0.05). Conclusion Icotinib, gefitinib in the treatment of advanced(stage Ⅳ) lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR sensitive gene mutation has similar clinical effect, but icotinib has higher safety, better tolerability, and can significantly improve the quality of life of patients, prolong the EGFR mutation of the 21L858R gene under the survival of patients.

Objective To observe the electromyography characteristics of children's handwriting with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),and explore its electrophysiological mechanism,so as to provide an objective basis for developing non-pharmacological treatment for such children.Methods Between September 2021 and April 2022,29 ADHD children were recruited from an ordinary public primary school and the psychiatric clinic of a class-3 grade-A hospital in Beijing.Among them,25 were boys and 4 were girls,with an average age of 8.21±1.78 years.Meanwhile,23 male and 5 fe-male healthy counterparts were selected with the age gap no more than 6 months.The Delsys wireless surface EMG system was used to collect the electromyographic signals of the abductor pollicis breve,the first dorsal interosseous muscle,the flexor radial carpi motor and the extensor finger muscles dur-ing their writing tasks such as tracing trajectories,writing Arabic numerals 0-9,26 small and capital English letters,Chinese characters one to ten and"Yong".The percentage of the averaged electromyog-raphy(AEMG)of a muscle in the sum value of all measured muscles,and the coefficient of differ-ence were selected to evaluate the muscle contribution rate and the consistency of exertion,respective-ly.Moreover,the independent sample t-test was employed to compare the two different groups with the significance set at α=0.05.Results There was a significant difference in the muscle contribution of abductor pollicis breve and first dorsal interosseous muscles when writing Arabic numerals and that of abductor pollicis breve muscles when writing Chinese characters between ADHD children(27.29%,25.58%and 27.53%)and their healthy counterparts(42.87%,19.96%and 37.13%)(P<0.05).Most muscle differentiation coefficients of ADHD children were higher than 100%,with that of the domi-nant hand radial wrist flexor muscle reaching 270%in the trajectory tracing task.Conclusion Accord-ing to the characteristics of EMG signals,school-age ADHD children show an immature writing pat-tern,including poor stability of writing-related muscles,insufficient control of small finger muscle groups,poor control of hand coordination,and insufficient muscle inhibition of non-dominant hand.It is recommended to conduct the electromyoelectric assessment of handwriting movements in ADHD chil-dren,so as to carry out targeted intervention at an early stage.