Objective To analyze the status and the distribution of causes of injuries as well as disease burden in children under 5 years old in Sichuan Province.Methods The death information cards of children who died because of injuries in Sichuan Province in 2012 were analyzed,and the years of potential life lost and working years of potential life lost were calculated to evaluate the disease burden.Results 22.87％ (1 502/6 567) of children lost their lives because of injuries,the mortality of injury was 4.13‰,63.45％ of children died at the age between l and 4,and most of the children died at home or on the road; The top 3 causes of children death of injuries below 5 years old were drowning,accidental suffocation and traffic accidents.The years of potential life lost and working years of potential life lost were 73.05 years and 58.30 years.Conclusion Injury is one of the most mainly risk factor of health and life of children,the government should further prevent and control children injuries.

Objective To compare the skills level before and after pediatric advanced life support course and analyze the effect of the training. Methods The pediatric advanced life support was used as the textbook. The skills were got through attending theory classes, watching demonstrations and taking part in the simulator training. The questionnaires were filled strictly and the data was analysed. Results The test scores were increased after the training (P＜0. 01). There were only 8.7% of the trainees had used the rescue equipments and 61.3% had never seen the rescue equipments before training. More than 80% of the trainees were satisfied with the training about the utility and novelty. Conclusion pediatric advanced life support course can successfully deliver a large number of healthcare providers with international unique pediatric emergency treatment skills ,and raise the participants abilities of rescuing critical children.

OBJECTIVETo study the mortality of children under five and the causes of death together with related trend of dynamics, from 2001 to 2013 in Sichuan province.

METHODSUsing the Children Death Monitoring Network under five in Sichuan province to obtain basic data. Descriptive statistics and chi-square were used to describe the mortalities in children and infants as well as the causes of death, in both rural and urban areas of Sichuan province.

RESULTSIn Sichuan province, the mortality of children under five decreased from 35.30‰ in 2001 to 11.77‰ in 2013. In 2013, mortality in the rural areas was 2.37 times more than that in the urban area. The proportion of neonatal deaths among the mortality in children under five was 44.72%. Pneumonia, congenital heart diseases and premature or low birth weigh were the top three causes of death for children under five. Among them, the top three causes of death for urban area were congenital heart disease, drowning, and premature or low birth weight/birth asphyxia. Meanwhile, the top three causes of death in rural areas were pneumonia, premature birth/low birth weight and birth asphyxia. Overall, the mortality rates of birth asphyxia, pneumonia and low birth weight gradually decreasd but drowning, diarrhea and traffic accidents fluctuated.

CONCLUSIONThe mortality of children under five in Sichuan province was 13‰, which had already met the goal set for the year 2020. However, reducing the mortality in rural areas, narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas seemed the main part of the future endeavor while focus of prevention should be adjusted according to the causes of death.

The Omicron family of SARS-CoV-2 variants are currently driving the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we analyzed the clinical laboratory test results of 9911 Omicron BA.2.2 sublineages-infected symptomatic patients without earlier infection histories during a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Shanghai in spring 2022. Compared to an earlier patient cohort infected by SARS-CoV-2 prototype strains in 2020, BA.2.2 infection led to distinct fluctuations of pathophysiological markers in the peripheral blood. In particular, severe/critical cases of COVID-19 post BA.2.2 infection were associated with less pro-inflammatory macrophage activation and stronger interferon alpha response in the bronchoalveolar microenvironment. Importantly, the abnormal biomarkers were significantly subdued in individuals who had been immunized by 2 or 3 doses of SARS-CoV-2 prototype-inactivated vaccines, supporting the estimation of an overall 96.02% of protection rate against severe/critical disease in the 4854 cases in our BA.2.2 patient cohort with traceable vaccination records. Furthermore, even though age was a critical risk factor of the severity of COVID-19 post BA.2.2 infection, vaccination-elicited protection against severe/critical COVID-19 reached 90.15% in patients aged ≽ 60 years old. Together, our study delineates the pathophysiological features of Omicron BA.2.2 sublineages and demonstrates significant protection conferred by prior prototype-based inactivated vaccines.
Humans ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; COVID-19/prevention & control* ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Pandemics/prevention & control* ; China/epidemiology* ; Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control* ; Vaccination