The research of spine related disease is an emerging interdisciplinary subject and the key point is the spinal biomechanical properties.In this paper,the method of studying biomechanical properties of lumhar and cervical vertebra based on 3D finite element model is analyzed.Three kinds of method in building finite element model are specified:geometric modeling method,3D coordinatngraphic modeling method and image modeling method.The three key steps of image modeling method for building of basic geometric model are extracted as defining material behavior of vertebra and soft tissue,defining boundary condition,and confirming of the model.Then two principal improving aspects of building finite element model and the foreground of the research are discussed.

Objective To explore the influence of nursing intervention on the social support and compliance of parents of severe β-Mediterranean anemia children. Methods A total of 100 cases of Mediterranean anemia children’s parents were surveyed with the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and self-made compliance questionnaires, the investigation was performed before the intervention,6 months, 1 year after the intervention. Results The scores of objective support, subjective support and supporting availability after the intervention were all higher than those before intervention (F=269.04, 125.12, 243.04, all P<0.01). In the pairwise comparison tests, the ranks of objective support score and subjective support score were:1 year after intervention>6 months after intervention>before intervention (P<0.01);the score of supporting availability was lower than the scores of 6 months and 1 year after intervention (P<0.01). The compliance of blood transfusion on time and taking deferoxamine on time before and after the interventions had statistical meanings (Hc=100.40,70.53, all P<0.01). In the pairwise comparison tests, the compliance score before intervention was lower than the score after intervention (P < 0.01). Conclusions Nursing intervention can improve the social support and compliance of the parents with severe Mediterranean anemia children.

Objective To explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis and classification of traumatic spleen rupture , as compared with enhanced CT. Methods The manifestations of contrast-enhanced ultrasound on surgically or clinically confirmed spleen rupture in 40 patients were retrospectively analyzed. The performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound on diagnosis and classification was compared with that of enhanced CT. Results For 40 patients with traumatic spleen rupture , the of accuracy of enhanced CT and contrast-enhanced imaging in the diagnosis of traumatic spleen rupture was 97.5%, with no significant statistical differences (chi-square = 0, P = 1). On contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination, 14 patients were diagnosed as true splenic rupture , 9 as subcapsular spleen rupture , and 16 as central splenicrupture, with a accuracy rate of 92.5% (37/40); and accuracy rate for enhanced CT was 90.0% (36/40), there was no significant statistical difference (chi-square = 1.97, P > 0.05). Conclusions Contrast-enhanced and enhanced CT have good consistency in the diagnosis and classification of traumatic spleen rupture. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound can accurately determine the scope and degree of spleen damage , resulting in more accurate classification; and it has values in the diagnosis of traumatic spleen rupture and choice of therapies.

AIM: To assess the effect of RNAi on suppressing the exogenous reporter gene expression in mammalian neurons,and explore the effect of siRNA quantitation on interference efficiency.METHODS: Exogenous green fluorescent protein(GFP) expression vector was transferred into neuro-2a cells,and then the small interference RNA targeting GFP mRNA(siGFP) synthesized by transcription in vitro at three different concentration was used in this experiment.RESULTS: The results showed that the neuro-2a cells can be transfected efficiently and siGFP can inhibit GFP expression greatly.CONCLUSION: RNAi can be applied into mammalian neurons successfully.The research on siRNA quantitation will provide technique support for studying the gene function of neurons in the future.

Objective:To investigate the values of right ventricular free wall longitudinal strain (RVFWLS) by three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (3D-STE) in predicting the degree of RV myocardial fibrosis (MF) in patients with end-stage heart failure (HF).Methods:A total of 102 consecutive patients with end-stage HF undergoing heart transplantation were enrolled in the Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from June 2018 to December 2019. Echocardiographic examinations were performed in these patients before heart transplantation. The conventional RV function parameters were obtained, including fractional area change, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion(TAPSE), myocardial performance index, tricuspid lateral annular systolic velocity(Tricuspid s′). Two-dimensional (2D) RVFWLS was calculated by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE). Right ventricular (RV) end-diastolic volume (RVEDV), RV end-systolic volume (RVESV), RV stroke volume (RVSV), RV ejection fraction (RVEF) and 3D-RVFWLS were measured by 3D-STE. The degree of MF was quantified using Masson′s trichrome stain in RV myocardial samples after heart transplantation. Patients were divided into mild, moderate, and severe groups according to the degree of MF on histology, then echocardiographic parameters were compared among the 3 groups. Pearson correlation analysis and the multiple linear regression analysis between echocardiographic parameters and RV MF were analyzed.Results:Compared with patients with mild and moderate MF, 3D-RVFWLS, 2D-RVFWLS and conventional parameters of RV function were significantly decreased in patients with severe MF.RV MF strongly correlated with 3D-RVFWLS ( r=-0.71, P<0.01), modestly correlated with 2D-RVFWLS ( r=-0.53, P<0.01), and weakly correlated with RVFAC, TAPSE, RVEF, Tricuspid s′, RVSV ( r=-0.47, -0.44, -0.35, -0.29, -0.38; all P<0.01). 3D-RVFWLS correlated best with the degree of MF compared with 2D-RVFWLS and conventional RV function parameters ( r=-0.71 vs r=-0.29~-0.53, all P<0.05). A stepwise multivariate analysis showed that 3D-RVFWLS was independently associated with RV MF (β=1.554, P<0.01, adjusted R2=0.539). Conclusions:3D-RVFWLS can provide an important imaging reference for detecting the degree of RV MF in patients with end-stage HF.

Objective To investigate the sleep quality of pacemaker implanted patients,to analyze the relationships among neuroticism,positive psychological capital and sleep quality,and to examine the potential mediating effect of positive psychological capital on the relationship between neuroticism and sleep quality. Methods Using convenience sampling, a total of 178 pacemaker implanted patients were interviewed and analyzed in two tertiary hospitals of Shandong province. They were assessed with Big Five Inventory,The Positive Psycap Questionnaireand Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Indexfor the evaluation of neuroticism,positive psychological capital and sleep quality.The Process macro was used to test the mediating effect. Results The mean score of PSQI in patients with pacemaker implantation was (8.48± 4.50), and 71.3％of them had sleep problems.The scores of neuroticism had positively correlated with the PSQI scores(r=0.31, P<0.01), the scores of positive psychological capital had negatively correlated with the PSQI scores(r=- 0.39, P<0.01).The confidence interval from Bootstrap output indicated positive psychological capital played a mediating role between neuroticism and sleep quality (95％CI:0.06-0.23), mediation effect was 0.14, the percentage of mediation effect in total effect was 43.75％. Conclusions The relation of positive psychological capital to neuroticism and sleep quality among pacemaker implanted patients are intimate.Positive psychological capital could mediate the relationship between neuroticism and sleep quality. It is suggested that nurses can improve the patient′s sleep by enhancing the intervention of positive psychological capital according to the personality characteristics of patients.

Objective:To explore the nursing points of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after liver transplantation in infants.Methods:Strengthened artificial airway management for children to improve dyspnea. Adopted nasal high-flow humidifying oxygen therapy to correct hypoxemia. Implemented individual temperature management to effectively control high fever. Strengthened children′s medication management, predictive skin management, using the protective isolation and psychological nursing.Results:After timely treatment and careful nursing, the condition of the three children was improved, SpO 2 was maintained at 0.95-1.00, and the patients were discharged successfully. One patient with respiratory failure died of multiple organ failure due to the deterioration of the condition after receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygen and supportive treatment. Conclusions:The infants with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after liver transplantation should strengthen airway management, correct hypoxia. At the same time to do a good job of symptomatic care, strengthen the observation of the condition, can promote the rehabilitation.

Objective:To explore the changes of coagulation index levels in patients with type 2 diabetic foot and their correlation with pathological changes, in order to provide reference for clinical diagnosis of diabetic foot.Methods:133 patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to the Xiaoshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Hangzhou from Jun. 2018 to Jun. 2020 were selected. The patients were divided into type 2 diabetes group ( n=65) and diabetes foot group ( n=68) according to whether they had diabetes feet. In addition, 60 patients who had health examinations in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. Fibrinogen (FIB), thrombin time (TT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) were compared in each group, and Spearman method was used to analyze the correlation between each index and the occurrence of diabetes foot. Area under curve (AUC) of working characteristics of subjects (ROC) was used to analyze the diagnostic value of each index in diabetes foot. Results:The average FIB of control group, type 2 diabetes group and diabetes foot group was (2.86±0.50) g/L, (3.30±0.81) g/L, (4.43±1.16) g/L; The FIB level in diabetes foot group was significantly higher than that in type 2 diabetes group and control group, and that in type 2 diabetes group was significantly higher than that in control group ( P<0.05) ; The mean TT of control group, type 2 diabetes group and diabetes foot group was (17.60±2.01) s, (15.39±2.39) s, (13.49±2.84) s; The average APTT of control group, type 2 diabetes group and diabetes foot group was (32.02±4.22) s, (29.97±3.97) s, (25.69±4.07) s; The mean PT values of control group, type 2 diabetes group and diabetes foot group were (12.64±1.49) s, (11.41±1.04) s and (10.50±1.08) s. The TT, APTT and PT values in the diabetes foot group were significantly lower than those in the type 2 diabetes group and the control group, and those in the type 2 diabetes group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05) ; The level of FIB index was positively correlated with the occurrence of diabetes foot, while TT, APTT and PT indexes were negatively correlated with the occurrence of diabetes foot ( P<0.05). The AUC values of FIB, TT, APTT and PT indexes for the diagnosis of diabetes foot were 0.898, 0.879, 0.859 and 0.871, respectively. Conclusions:There are significant differences in FIB, TT, APTT and PT index levels between diabetic foot patients and type 2 diabetic patients and healthy people, and the occurrence of diabetic foot is significantly related to blood coagulation indicators. The detection of blood coagulation indicators has certain clinical significance for the diagnosis of diabetic foot.

Selecting high-quality patient report outcome measures for patients with liver transplantation may properly assess health condition from their perspective, assist nurses in identifying patients′ reports of health issues, and deliver targeted nursing care for them. This paper reviewed the current status of researches on measurement tools for patient reported outcomes in liver transplantation both domestically and internationally, including the content, characteristics, disadvantages and situation recommendations of the generic and specific measurement tools. The purpose is to provide a reference for choosing patient reported outcomes measurements, symptom management as well as the caring strategies in liver transplantation.

Cholangiocarcinoma is a highly heterogeneous tumor with an insidious onset,severe conditions,a high degree of malignancy,and an extremely poor prognosis.Glucose is a major energy source for the proliferation and metastasis of cholangiocarcinoma,and the glucose metabolism pathway of cholangiocarcinoma cells will be re-edited in the process of rapid proliferation to produce a large amount of energy for their own needs.Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma,and studies have shown that the active components of traditional Chinese medicine can inhibit the development and progression of cholangiocarcinoma by regulating glucose metabolism.This article reviews the characteristics of glucose metabolism in cholangiocarcinoma and the role of the active components of traditional Chinese medicine in regulating glucose metabolism against cholangiocarcinoma,in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma.