Objective To investigate the developmental feasibility of early human fetal testes (<3 months) using xenografting technique and to acquire an accessible donor derivation that is essential for studying human germ cell development. Methods Nine testes from 10-13 weeks aborted fetus were grafted under the back skin of 6 castrated nude mice. Grafts were collected at different time point according to the growth of the donor tissues and the health condition of the recipients. Morphological and histological analyses were performed for the observation of the development of grafted immature testicular tissues. Results The mass of grafts was increased from about 5-7mg to 84.1mg (the biggest). Six of 9 testes were to be in developing. Histological observations showed a significant expansion of seminiferous tubules from (44.26±3.14)μm to (77.69±7.47)μm. Cells dispersedly distributed in seminiferous cords at the time of grafting migrated towards the basal part of seminiferous epithelium. Some germ cells with spermatogonium-like characteristics located on the basement membrane. Sertoli cells were in stages from immature into matured with abundant cytoplasm which were orderly arranged around spermatogonia forming a niche-like structure. Conclusion Testes from early aborted human fetus grafted under the back skin of castrated nude mice showed further development and therefore could be used as an easier accessible donor tissues for the investigation of human spermatogenetic mechanism.

Objective:To explore the effect of the microenvironment induced by damaged mouse hepatic cells on the conversion of human umbilical cord blood-derived cells into hepatocyte-like cells. Methods: A hepatic injury-like microenvironment was mimicked using carbon tetrachloride damaged mouse hepatic cells, where mononuclear cells (MNC) from human umbilical cord blood were cultured in a compartment separated by trans-well membrane. Histochemical staining, reversed transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and gene sequencing were performed for the information on the conversion of human umbilical cord blood MNC. Results: A number of PAS positive stained cells in MNC co-cultured with damaged mouse hepatic cells were observed after 72 h. Cells expressing mature hepatocyte markers, human albumin (hALB) and human GATA-4 (hGATA-4) mRNA were detected by RT-PCR, which was further confirmed with sequencing. Relevant control groups, MNC co-cultured with normal mouse hepatic cells and MNC cultured alone remained negative. Conclusion: The culture system using damaged mouse hepatic cells as stimulator could be a potential in vitro system for the conversion of human umbilical cord blood-derived cells into hepatocyte-like cells.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the development of xenografted primitive human germ cells by using fetal testicular tissues as donor tissues and an immunodeficient mouse as the recipient.

METHODSTesticular tissue fragments of a 26-week fetus were grafted under the back skin of a castrated immunodeficient mouse. Grafts were taken out after 135 days and processed for morphological and histological analyses.

RESULTSThe mass of grafts grew from about 1 mm in diameter and 5 mg in wet weight to about 3 mm and more than 20 mg 135 days after grafting. Histological observations showed a significant expansion of seminiferous tubules after grafting (80 +/- 25 microm in diameter) in comparison with seminiferous cords at the time of grafting (60 +/- 15 microm in diameter). The seminiferous cords developed into seminiferous tubules with the epithelial border and lumen. After 135 days of grafting, most of the dispersedly distributed primitive Sertoli cells and germ cells migrated to the basal part of seminiferous epithelium, located on the basement membrane and few of germ cells differentiated into spermatogonia.

CONCLUSIONHuman fetal testicular tissues could survive and continuously develop after being xenograft into castrated immunodeficient mice.

Animals ; Fetal Tissue Transplantation ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Spermatids ; growth & development ; Testis ; cytology ; transplantation ; Transplantation, Heterologous

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of using rituximab and atoxiban in the treatment of cervical incompetence after emergency cervical cerclage surgery.Methods Sixty patients with cervical incompetence admitted from May 2020 to February 2022 were selected as the study subjects.Divide into control group A,control group B,and trial group C using random number table method,with 20 cases in each group.All three groups underwent emergency cervical cerclage surgery.After the surgical treatment,control group A received treatment with rituximab hydrochloride,control group B received treatment with atoxiban,and experimental group C received treatment with atoxiban on the basis of rituximab hydrochloride.Analyze and compare the inhibitory effects of uterine contractions,incidence of adverse reactions,and neonatal outcomes among three groups.Results The inhibition rate of uterine contractions in control group A and test group C was higher than that in control group B(P<0.05);The incidence of postoperative complications in experimental group C was lower than that in control group A and control group B,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05);Compared with control group A and control group B,the incidence of fetal loss,neonatal asphyxia,and low birth weight infant outcomes in experimental group C was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Compared with control group A and control group B,experimental group C had a longer gestational week extension and a higher Apgar score for newborns,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion The combination treatment of rituximab and atoxiban after emergency cervical cerclage surgery for this disease has good effects,can better inhibit uterine contractions,appropriately prolong gestational age,improve neonatal outcomes and prognosis,and reduce adverse drug reactions in pregnant women.