Objective:To explore the risk factors of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes patients, establish a risk prediction model for diabetic nephropathy and provide scientific reference for the prevention and screening of diabetic nephropathy.Methods:Clinical data of 1 223 patients admitted at Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from January 2018 to December 2022 were retrospectively collected. In the training set, LASSO regression analysis and 10-fold cross-validation were used to screen the optimal feature variables by RStudio 4.2.1 software, and then multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the final predictors selected from LASSO regression to construct the risk prediction model and draw the nomogram diagram. The receiver operating characteristic curve, C-index, calibration curve, and Hosmer-Lemeshow test were used to assess the discrimination and accuracy of the model; and the decision curve analysis was used to assess the clinical validity of the model.Results:The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin [odds ratio ( OR) = 1.14, 95% confidence interval ( CI): 1.05-1.24], serum creatinine ( OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.04), 25-(OH)-D ( OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-1.00) were the best predictors of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes ( P < 0.05). The predictive model was constructed by plotting the nomogram graph based on the predictor variables. In the training cohort, the diabetic nephropathy risk model displayed medium predictive power with a C-index of 0.762 (95% CI: 0.734-0.790). Meanwhile, the risk model was also well validated in the validation set, where the C-index was 0.742 (95% CI: 0.689-0.790). Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed excellent degree of fit ( P = 0.108), and the results of the decision curve analysis showed that the prediction model could be clinically beneficial. Conclusion:The establishment of the risk prediction nomogram model provides clinicians with a more convenient and scientific method for early screening and prevention of diabetic nephropathies.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of atractylenolide Ⅰ in inhibiting XPOT proliferation and invasion in gastric cancer cells.Methods This study included exploration of XPOT expression in gastric cancer tissues,analysis of gene expression data from GC patients in TCGA and GEO databases,as well as various cellular assays to detect the ability of cancer cells to proliferate,migrate,and invade.Protein expression levels of XPOT,SKP2,CyclinA,and P27 mRNA were also detected by qPCR and Western Blot.Results Analysis confirmed that XPOT was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues,indicating a poor prognosis.In vitro studies revealed that AT-1 inhibits the proliferation and invasion ability of GC cells;XPOT down-regulation also inhibits these abilities.Furthermore,AT-1 down-regulates the expression of XPOT which then regulates SKP2,P27,and CyclinA-ultimately inhibiting the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells through the regulation of the XPOT pathway.Conclusion The overexpression of XPOT in gastric cancer tissues can indicate a poor prognosis.Atractylenolide Ⅰ down-regulates the XPOT-regulated ubiquitination-proteasome pathway to inhibit proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells.