The cause of re-operation in 38 cases of acute traumatic intracranial hematomas (ATIH), and prognosis in this series were analyzed. Among them, 12 cases were delayed hematomas, 6 cases in which the hematomas were enlarging, and 11 cases were recurrent hematomas. The result demonstrated that: (1) It is necessary to keep close watch over the signs of re-appearance of hematoma for the patients with ATIH after first operation; (2) No recovery or even deterioration of consciousness, and increase of pressure at decompressed area of the skull after operation were important clinical indications for repeating the CF scans; (3) Repeated CT scanning is importat in making deeision for re-operation in ATIH.