Nociceptive sensory neurons are widely distributed throughout various parts of the body to detect harmful stimu-li and transmit pain sensations.In recent years,the interactions between nociceptive sensory neurons and the immune system have garnered increasing attention from researchers.Immune cells and inflammatory factors promote the activation of nocicep-tors and the transmission of pain;conversely,nociceptors also participate in regulating the body's immune functions.The bal-ance between these two systems is beneficial for self-protection under harmful stimuli and infection.Moreover,this neuroim-mune interaction may underlie the coexistence and mutual promotion of hyperalgesia and inflammation.This review primarily discusses the role of interactions between nociceptors in various body regions and the immune system in pain,as well as the po-tential molecular mechanisms involved.This study aims to provide insights and theoretical foundations for developing new strat-egies for pain management.