According to the property of military health service positioning , armed forces all over the world invariably put military health service into combat team ranks .They want to strengthen the ties between the health system and the military system by adjusting the health command and management system in order to meet the needs of multi -level and multi-directional wartime support in the future .This paper summarizes the development of foreign ( the US.Germany and Russian Federation) and our military health command and management system , and make a detailed comparison .It may be a practical and valuable research for the current military health reform .

Objective To investigate the relationship of parity and other reproduction-associated factors with metabolic syndrome(MS) in middle-aged and elderly women in Nanchang community.Methods Female permanent residents over 40 years old were sampled for a routine examination and a questionnaire survey covering basic information,5 894 subjects were enrolled and identified as effective cases.MS was diagnosed according to the standard of China Diabetes Society in 2004.Factors including age,education,profession,marital status,parity,child-bearing history of macrosomia,breastfeeding,menarche age,and menopausal age were analyzed in order to find their relationship with MS.The univariate logistic analysis was followed by binary logistic regression analysis if P＜0.05,and OR value and confidence interval were calculated.Results Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,education,profession,parity,breastfeeding,and menopausal age were influencing factors of MS (all P ＜ 0.05).There was no correlation to marital status,miscarriage history,child-bearing history of macrosomia,menarche age with MS(all P＞0.05).Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of MS increased with age:OR =1.51 (95 ％ CI 0.98-2.32) during 50-59 years,OR =2.10 (95 ％ CI 1.34-3.30) during 60-69 years,and OR =2.63 (95 ％ CI 1.61-4.31) in cases aged over 70 years,as compared to the group aged 40-49 years.The risk in non-manual workers increased about 34 percent OR =1.33 (95 ％ CI 1.04-1.70),compared with manual workers.The risk of MS increased with parity,being OR =1.46 (95％ CI 1.14-1.88),OR =1.78 (95％ CI 1.30-2.43),and OR =1.84 (95％ CI 1.24-2.72),with 2,3,and 4 child-bearings respectively as compared to cases with only one childbearing.The risk of MS was reduced with advancing menopausal age being about 6 percent reduction with each increased year of menopausal age(OR =0.94,95％ CI 0.90-0.99).There was no difference between education,breastfeeding and MS(P＞005).Conclusion Multiple parity,earlier menopausal age,less manual work,and aging seem to be the risk factors of MS in women.

Objective To investigate the dynamic variation of flavonoids contents in the flowers of Citrus grandis at different flowering periods. Methods The content of total flavonoids in the flowers of Citrus grandis was determined by means of ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy ,and the contents of naringin and rhoifolin were determined by HPLC. Results The content of total flavonoids in the flowers during the flower withering period ,the young fruit period ,the blossom period,and the budding period was 306.90 mg.g-1,277.93 mg.g-1,215.55 mg.g-1 and 162.74 mg.g-1 respectively. The naringin content during the above four different periods was 246.31 mg.g-1,213.93 mg.g-1,175.94 mg.g-1 and 130.90 mg.g-1 respectively. The rhoifolin content during the four periods was unchanged. Conclusion The contents of total flavonoids and naringin in flowers of Citrus grandis during flower withering period are the highest.

Objective To explore the efficacy of targeted care for sleep by analyzing polysomnography (PSG) of the different stages of night sleep in patients with depressive disorder. Methods 80 depressive patients met the recruited criteria from Feb 2015 to Feb 2016 were sample-randomly divided into research group with targeted care and controlled group with routine nurse by random number table. PSG of each case was analyzed and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to assess at baseline and endpoint during 4 weeks period. Results Total sleep time, sleep efficiency, N3 and rapid eyes movement ratio of PSG were (395.74 ± 29.31) min, (80.42±1.92)%, (19.11±2.29)%and (16.01±2.55)%in research group, (372.34±24.37) min, (72.61 ± 1.64)%, (13.61 ± 2.38)%and (13.87 ± 2.03)%in controlled group (t=2.892-13.361, P<0.05). SDS at 2nd week and 4th week were (45.28 ± 6.28) points and (32.62 ± 4.65) points in research group, (48.63±7.54) points and (36.32±4.34) points in controlled group (t=-4.12,-4.43, P<0.05). HAMD at 2nd week and 4th week were (15.92 ± 2.62) points, (9.94 ± 2.32) points in research group, (18.27 ± 3.41) points and (12.45 ± 2.21) points in controlled group (t=-3.51,-4.35, P<0.05). Conclusions Efficacy of targeted care for sleep in patients with depressive disorder is better and sooner, and the intervention is good for both sleep quality and mood level.

BACKGROUND: How to establish a stable in vitro culture system, including location of corneal limbal epithelial stem cells, in vitro sample harvest, in vitro culture, vector selection, as well as identification methods, play a key role in corneal limbal epithelial stem cells culture. OBJECTIVE: To culture the isolated rabbit corneal limbal epithelial stem cells and to identify the biological properties of cultured cells. METHODS: The primary rabbit cornel limbal epithelial stem cells were isolated and cultured with tissue inoculation using human amniotic membrane as vector. The growth features of cells were observed under an inverted microscope. The morphology of cells was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and a scanning electron microscope. Furthermore, the monoclonal antibody AE5 and P63 two-step immunohistochemical staining were used to identify limbal epithelial stem cell protein expression. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The rabbit corneal limbal epithelial stem cells could be successfully cultured and maintained a relatively high value-added potential in vitro. Rabbit corneal limbal epithelial stem cells cultured on the amniotic membrane pull netted cellular layer. The AE5 monoclonal antibody positive rate of primary cultured cells was about 5% and P63 monoclonal antibody positive up to 90%. AE5-positive rate increased and P63-positive rate decreased with the increase in the number of subculture. The rabbit limbal epithelial stem cells can be successful culture and amplified on human amniotic membrane in vitro by limbal tissue culture method. The cultured cells maintain the characteristics of corneal epithelial cells. The rabbit corneal limbal epithelial stem cells can form grafts on the amniotic membrane.

Objective To investigate the role of Notch signaling in the progression of peritoneal fibrosis in a rat model induced by high glucose dialysate. Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to daily peritoneal dialysis (PD) with a lactate-buffered solution containing 4.25% glucose. They were sacrificed at 2 and 4 weeks after PD. The parietal thickness was measured with Masson staining. The expression of TGF-β1, E-cadherin, α-SMA and collagen Ⅰ was examined by immunoblotting. The expression of Notch ligand Jagged-1 and the negative Notch signaling regulato--Numb was analyzed by both immunoblotting and RT-PCR. The expression of a Notch nuclear target gene Hcs-1 was examined by RT-PCR. Results Both HE and Masson trichrome staining revealed an increase in peritoneal thickness with a loss of mesothelial cells and a rich of collagen matrix deposition in the submesothelial zone was evident at 4 weeks after PD. Meanwhile, compared to healthy rats, the expression of TGF-β1, ct-SMA and collagen Ⅰ was significantly increased, but the expression of E-cadherin was decreased in peritoneum after PD treatment. It was difficult to detect the Jagged-1 and Hes-1 expression in normal peritoneum, but their expression was graduaUy increased after PD. In contrast, the expression level of Numb, a negative regulator of Notch signaling, was dramatically decreased after PD. Conclusions Notch signaling is activated during the process of PD-induced peritoneal fibrosis and the activation of Notch signaling is associated with the loss of negative regulation of Notch signaling via decreased expression of Numb. Inhibition of Notch signaling via overexpression of its negative regulators such as Numb may be a novel therapeutic approach for peritoneal fibrosis in PD patients.

Objective:To develop serious games for pediatrics and to explore the effect of cultivating the clinical reasoning and reflection ability of pediatric trainee nurses.Methods:This was a non-randomized controlled trial study. The convenience sampling method was used to select 88 pediatric trainee nurses in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from April 2021 to January 2022. They were divided into the control group and the experimental group with 44 cases in each group by the method of random sampling. The control group was given clinical practice teaching in pediatrics according to the practice syllabus. Based on the teaching events of Gagne, the teaching links of serious games were designed, and teaching was carried out to the experimental group. The clinical reasoning and reflection ability, learning satisfaction and self-confidence of the two groups of pediatric trainee nurses before and after teaching were evaluated by the Self-Assessment of Clinical Reasoning and Reflection, Student Learning Satisfaction and Self-Confidence Scale, and examination scores of the two groups of pediatric trainee nurses were evaluated.Results:There was no significant difference in the clinical reasoning and reflection ability, learning satisfaction and self-confidence before teaching between the two groups( P>0.05). The total score of clinical reasoning and reflection evaluation after teaching was (101.13±6.69) points in the experimental group, which was higher than that in the control group (94.57 ± 8.86) points, the difference was statistically significant ( t=-3.92, P<0.05). The learning satisfaction and self-confidence scores after teaching were (20.82 ± 2.16), (33.20 ± 1.47) points in the experimental group, which were higher than those in the control group (19.52 ± 2.30), (31.89 ± 2.44) points, the differences were statistically significant ( t=-2.33, -3.07, both P<0.05). The scores on the theory and skill examination in the experimental group were also better than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t values were -2.59--2.14, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The serious game teaching method can effectively improve the clinical reasoning and reflection ability, practical learning satisfaction, self-confidence, and graduation performance of pediatric nursing interns, which can provide a reference for the reform of pediatric nursing practice teaching.

With the rapid development of nanotechnology, the research and development of nanomedicine has become one of the current development directions of drug innovation. The pharmacokinetic characteristics of nanomedicine are significantly different from general drugs because of the scale effect based on nanostructures, and pharmacokinetics studies of nanomedicine may be different from the general drugs. This article focuses on the research strategies and considerations on non-clinical pharmacokinetics of nanomedicine, including test agents, in vivo/in vitro assays, biological sample analysis, data evaluation and analysis etc., providing references for developers.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Buyang Huanwutang （BYWHT） on reducing inflammatory injury and improving neurological function after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats via activating the adiponectin （APN） pathway. MethodMale SD rats were randomized into sham， model， BYHWT （16 g·kg^-1， twice a day）， and BYHWT + APN inhibitor （GW9662） groups. In the sham group， blood vessels were isolated. The rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） was established. The rats in the BYHWT+GW9662 group was treated with subcutaneous injection of GW9662 at 4 m·kg^-1 30 min before MCAO surgery and BYHWT at 16 g·kg^-1 by gavage after MCAO surgery， once in the morning and once in the evening. The immunofluorescence （IF） assay was employed to observe the expression of adiponectin receptor 1 （AdipoR1） and the colocalization of AdipoR1 with neuronal nuclei （NeuN） and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 （Iba1） in the brain. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was employed to detect the expression of APN in the serum and brain. The balance beam test was carried out to examine the balance ability， and the grasping test to assess the recovery of limb strength. The immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the expression of myeloperoxidase （MPO）. Western blot was employed to determine the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-α）， interleukin （IL）-1β， IL-6， and IL-10 and in the brain. ResultCompared with the sham group， the modeling promoted the expression of AdipoR1 （P<0.01）， lowered the APN levels in the serum and brain （P<0.05， P<0.01）， increased the score in the balance beam test （P<0.01）， and decreased the grasping strength of forepaw （P<0.01）， which were accompanied with increased MPO， TNF-α， IL-1β， and IL-6 levels （P<0.01） and decreased IL-10 level （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， BYHWT promoted the expression of AdipoR1 （P<0.01）， elevated APN levels in the serum and brain （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and increased the grasping strength of forepaw （P<0.01）， which were accompanied with lowered MPO， TNF-α， IL-1β， and IL-6 levels （P<0.01） and elevated IL-10 level （P<0.01）. All the above effects were partially blocked by GW9662. ConclusionBYHWT can reduce inflammatory injury and improve neurological function in the rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion by activating the APN pathway.

Abstract: Ovarian cancer is a gynecological malignant tumor with the highest fatality rate. It is characterized by concealed onset and poor prognosis. Recent studies have found that carbohydrate intake, food glycemic index and food glycemic load are closely related to the incidence of ovarian cancer. In this article, we summarize the current progress of the above-mentioned research and provide references for the prevention and future research of ovarian cancer.