The definition of refractory Langerhans cells histiocytosis (LCH) is risk organs (bone marrow, liver, spleen)involvement and the first-line treatment failure.It has a very poor prognosis.The survival depends on timely and effective salvage treatment.Currently the treatment for refractory LCH includes isolated 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine, 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine combined with high-dose cytarabine, indomethacin, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and targeted therapy.In this paper, the advances in treatment of the refractory LCH in children were reviewed.

Objective:To review methodology of medicine price index methodology and provide methodological implications for empirical researches. Methods:Based on the recent original home and abroad researches, the price index formulas, the medicine product definition, price and quantity units were introduced in this paper together with their merit/demerit and different selections’ measurement bias. Results: The measurement results were significantly different along with selections of the different weighted price index formulas. The medicine product definition and the price/quantity units in the formulas were different as well. By taking into account the new products entry and the ol-der ones exit updating issue, and by considering the products quality changes issue can also have an important empir-ical implication for the price measurement. Conclusions:The medicine price index methods need to be deeply devel-oped and the researchers should devote to further research and perform accurate measurement. In the empirical analy-sis, researchers can use different methods to measure the medicine price index in order to more accurately reflect the medicine price level change.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relevance between nasal symptoms and laryngopharyngeal reflux disease in patients with allergic rhinitis. METHOD: Thirty patients of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease were diagnosed in ENT outpatient department in our hospital. All patients have symptoms of sneeze, nasal discharge as chief complaint and they responded no effect for other normal treatment for nasal-sinusitis at least three months. Orally before meals, a dose of 5 mg Mosapride citrate each time, three times a day for 7 days. Orally before meals, a dose of 20 mg Esomeprazole each time, two times a. day for 2-3 months. Nasal spray, one spray of azelastine hydrochloride once, two times a day for 2 month. RESULT: Laryngopharyngeal reflux symptom scores at four time points (the first visit, post treatment 15 days, 45 days, 75 days) were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance. There is a significant difference in four time points. CONCLUSION Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease has a strong association with allergic rhinitis. Patients who has allergic rhinitis nasal symptoms as chief complaint must be exclude, the laryngopharyngeal reflux disease first.
Benzamides ; therapeutic use ; Esomeprazole ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ; complications ; drug therapy ; Morpholines ; therapeutic use ; Phthalazines ; therapeutic use ; Pilot Projects ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; drug therapy ; etiology

The effect of macrophage on IL-2 production by tonsillar T cells was investigated. The human tonsillar mononuclear cells were purified by a two-step procedure including depletion of plastic-adherent cel1s and rosetting with SRBC. The purity of Enriched T cel1s (ETC) was 98%. It was found that IL-2 production was greatly decreased in ETC by removing adherent cells and could be completely restored by replacing the adherent cells. The IL-2 production in the same extent was induced in ETC when TPA was substituted for adherent cells and the synergistic effect of TPA and macrophages greatly augmented the IL-2 secretion by ETC. Incubation of ETC with high concentration of PHA or ConA alone resultes in efficient IL-2 production. These results indicated that IL-2 production was macrophage dependent.

Objective To evaluate the effect of oral health instructions in nursing of marsupialized jaw cysts. Methods 46 patients with cysts of jaw were divided randomly into two groups (education group and control), 23 in each. In addition of normal nursing processes in both groups, patients in education group were offered more oral health instructions, such as pathogenesis of jaw cysts, mechanism of marsupialization, wear and clean of a cyst plug, and oral hygiene maintenance. 12 months later, compliance, satisfaction, treatment effect and oral hygiene condition of the patients in the two groups were studied and compared. Results 100%of patients in the education group could return to clinical visits on time and 96%of patients did cyst rinsing after every meal, which were significantly higher (χ2=6.9, P<0.05) than in the control (74% and 70% respectively). Patients′satisfaction in the two groups were also significantly different (χ2=9.109,P<0.05). Patients in the education group were much more satisfied with the treatment procedures than control. The treatment effect of the cyst in the education group [good (83%), moderate (17%), not so good (0%)] was significantly (χ2=7.793, P<0.05) better than control (good (43%), moderate (52%), not so good (5%)]. The secondary infection rates in the two groups were similar (χ2=1.022, P>0.05). Oral hygiene condition of patients in the education group was better than control in Debris Index (χ2=9.576, P < 0.05) and Plaque Index (χ2=8.212, P < 0.05). Conclusions Oral health instructions played positive role in improving patients′ compliance, degree of satisfaction, treatment effect and oral hygiene condition in patients with jaw cysts.

Objective To evaluate the effect of small-dose Lorazepam on residual dizziness in elderly patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) after successful particle repositioning maneuver (PRM).Methods A total of 268 patients aged 60 years and over, who were diagnosed as BPPV and underwent successful treatment of PRM, were randomly assigned to medication group and control group.The patients in the medication group were prescribed low-dose lorazepam for 1 week (0.25 mg/time, 3 times/d), whereas the patients in the control group were not prescribed any medication.Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) was employed to evaluate the anxiety status of patients before and after PRM, and the effect of small-dose lorazepam on residual dizziness was accessed by using the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) scale and the Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale in elderly BPPV patients after PRM.Results No difference in HAMA scores was found between the two groups (t=-0.316, P=0.753) before PRM.The medication group (t=19.931, P=0.000) and the control group (t=26.930, P=0.000) showed a significant improvement in HAMA scores after PRM versus before PRM.However, HAMA scores after PRM was lower in the medication group than in the control group (t=14.967, P=0.000).The medication group had significant improvements after PRM versus before PRM in the following: DHI scores (t=43.661, P=0.000), functional (t=32.326, P=0.000981), emotional (t=31.981, P=0.000), physical (t=14.330, P=0.000) subscale scores, as well as in the ABC scores (t=-23.248, P=0.000).The improvements were also found in the control group in DHI scores (t=46.282, P=0.000), functional (t=32.117, P=0.000), emotional (t=34.563, P=0.000),physical (t=13.182, P=0.000) subscale scores, as well as in the ABC scores(t=-24.536, P=0.000)after PRM versus before PRM.However, after PRM the total DHI score, functional,emotional and physical subscale scores were lower in medication group than in control group (t=5.994, 3.206, 4.757 and 2.851, respectively, P=0.009, 0.002, 0.000 and 0.005).The ABC scores were higher in medication group than in control group (t=2.678, P=0.008) after PRM.Conclusions The elderly patients with BPPV are often accompanied by symptoms of anxiety.The small-dose Lorazepam can alleviate residual dizziness in elderly BPPV patients after successful PRM.

Objective: To evaluate the rationality of the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in the perioperative period of herniorrhaphy. Methods: Seventy-five cases of herniorrhaphy discharged in March, June and September of 2009 were collected. Parameters including indications, the types of antibacterial drugs, time of administration, solvent choice, usage and dosage, combination, etc, were assessed for the rationality according to the "the guiding principles of clinical use of antibacterial drugs"and other relevant documents. Results: The antibacterial drugs application rate was 100%, while the rationali-ty of the drug selection, the drug administration route, the single dose and the number of dosing, was 70.7%, 100% , 100% and 93.3% respectively. Sixty-two patients(82.7%)were treated with antibacterial drugs at 0.5～2 hours before surgery, and the average time course of the prophylactic use of antibiotics after surgery was 2.3 days. Conclusions: Some problems existed for the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in the perioperative period of herniorrhaphy. Surgeon should ensure the correct use of the antibacterial drugs to make the safety, efficiency, rationality, and economy for the patients.

Our department treated one case of neonatal congenital cyst of tongue in March 23, 2015. The clinical manifestation of the case is mainly laryngeal stridor after birth 10d, and when infants were associated with progressive dysphagia. Electrolaryngoscope examination showed the goitre look like the cyst of tongue. Laryngeal CT scanning showed tongue lesions, consider the possibility of large cyst. Bilateral thyroid gland showed good, and no obvious abnormality was found in the cervical ultrasonography. The children was transferred to the ear-nose-throat department for excision of cyst of tongue by low-temperature plasma knife, and postoperative pathology confirmed the diagnosis of cyst of tongue.
Cold Temperature ; Cryosurgery ; Cysts ; congenital ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Plasma Gases ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tongue ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To quantitatively detect serum Golgi protein 73 (GP73) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ,chronic hepatitis liver cirrhosis and normal healthy individuals ,to compare the detection rate of GP73 and AFP and to investigate the clinical significance of GP73 for diagnosing HCC .Methods The serum samples in normal healthy individuals and the patients with chronic hepatitis liver cirrhosis and HCC were collected and detected GP 73 and AFP by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the chemiluminescence method .Results The detection rates of GP73 and AFP in HCC were 75 .61% and 40 .24% respectively ,GP73 was significantly higher than AFP (P<0 .01);In chronic hepatitis liver cirrhosis ,the detection rates of GP73 and AFP were 12 .58% and 41 .67% respectively ,the detection rate of GP73 was significantly lower than that of AFP (P<0 .01);In normal healthy individuals ,the detection rates of GP73 and AFP were 1 .67% and 6 .67% re-spectively ,the difference between them had no statistical significance (P>0 .05) .The specificity of GP73 and AFP in the normal healthy individuals and the patients with chronic hepatitis kive cirrhosis were 93 .42% and 77 .78% respectively .Areas under the ROC curves of GP73 and AFP were 0 .934 1 and 0 .806 6 respectively .The HCC detection rate of the combined detection of GP73 and AFPT was 87 .80% .Conclusion The GP73 detection rate and content are extremely low in the normal healthy individuals ,the GP73 detection rate is 12 .58% in chronic hepatitis liver cirrhosis and up to 75 .6% in HCC .The ROC curve analysis and the detec-tion rate are basically consistent .GP73 has the high detection rate and strong specificity in the patients with HCC ,which is the pre-ferred marker for early diagnosis of HCC .The joint detection of GP73 and AFP can improve the early diagnosis rate of HCC .

Objective To investigate the roles of P53/P21 during neuronal differentiation with a differentiated model of PC12 cells. Methods A new cell line PC12(P53/m175) was created by stable transfection of a retrovirus plasmid pBabe-P53/m175, which contains a dominant-negative P53 gene mutant. After NGF treatment, observing with phase-contrast microscopy, flow cytometric analysis and western blotting of P53 and P21 were performed. Results Expression of P53 and P21 was obviously increased in NGF-induced PC12 cells. The appearance of cell cycle G1 phase arrest paralleled the increased expressions of P53 and P21. The level of P21 protein did not change after treatment with NGF in PC12(P53/m175) cells and the extent of G1 phase arrest markedly decreased. However, we did find the normal neurite outgrowth in NGF-treated PC12(P53/m175) cells. Conclusion NGF-induced an increased protein levels of P53 and its transcriptional element, P21 is essential for cell cycle G1 phase arrest, but does not necessarily correlate with the neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells.