In recent years, remote ischemic preconditioning is found as a novel way to protect the brain, which may be achieved through nerve pathways, humoral factors or nerve-humoral interaction. The molecular mechanisms for the protection might be related to mitochondria ATP-sensitive potassium channel, mitogen-activated protection kinase, mammalian target of rapamycin, including nitric oxide synthase and cannabinoid receptors. The aim of this review is to explain the mechanism of action of remote ischemic preconditioning on brain protection, as well as the possible direction of clinical application.

Objective To study the application of ultrasonic freestyle extended imaging(FEI) in thyroid,breast,artery,vein diseases.Methods Thirty-five patients with above mentioned diseases were examined by FEI and the images were analyzed.Results FEI could entirely show the scan region needed.It also could enhance image quality,show the physiologic radian of the body,measure the nidi accurately.Conclusion The FEI technology provides more image information and is of great help to improve the clinic diagnosis ratios.

Objective To explore curative effect of emergency treatment measures on ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction.Methods A total of 142 cases of acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction were received the thrombolytic therapy,percutaneous coronary intervention ( PCI) ,emergency coronary artery bypass graft-ing treatment.Results A total of 20 cases were received pre hospital thrombolysis,percutaneous coronary interven-tion ( PCI) therapy in 86 cases,32 cases of pre hospital thrombolysis combined with emergency PCI operation,4 cases of emergency coronary artery bypass graft surgery.The one year survival rates were 94.7%, 98.8%, 96.8%, 100.0%,respectively.Conclusion The prehospital diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction with ST segment eleva-tion is helpful for reducing recanalization time,and initialing the hospital treatment,so as to effectively simprove cardi-ac function and postoperative survival rate,which is worthy of clinical reference.

Interdisciplinary organization is a type of ecosystem,its development process is an eco-style,self-development process of evolution.This paper took Bio-X Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University as an example and analyzed the organizational and developmental features of interdisciplinary organization from the ecological and practical level.The features included the clear and stable organizational strategy,academic leaders with interdisciplinary awareness and excellent research groups,comprehensive interdisciplinary research infrastructure,administrative management and financial support of the university,strict but free cultural atmosphere,effective interdisciplinary research platform,rich interdisciplinary cooperative relationship net-work,effective management system and implementation system,combination of interdisciplinary research and interdisciplinary personnel training.There is ecological management latent and ecological co-evolution idea implicated in the construction and development of the Bio-X institute,which presents an ecological process of evolution.

Objective To investigate the role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) gene polymorphisms in adult onset Still's disease(AOSD).Methods Plasma MIF levels were measured by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Genomic DNAs were collected from patients and controls.The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay and short tandem repeat genotyping were used to detect the polymorphisms of MIF gene promoter.The -173 G/C SNP and -794 CATT repeat genotype and allele frequencies between patients and controls were capared using pearson's Chi-square test.The non-parmetric Mann-Whithey U test was conducted to compare MIF expressin between cases and controls.Results Plasma MIF levels were significantly higher in AOSD (119±113) ng/ml than those in controls (55±29) ng/ml (P＜0.01).Individuals with -173 * C allele (OR=1.776; 95％CI 1.101-2.864; P=0.017) or -794 *5-CATT allele (OR=1.81;95％CI 1.27-2.58; P=0.001) were at increased risk for AOSD.Conclusion The MIF gene polymorphisms are associated with AOSD.

Objective To discuss the mechanism of large dose methylprednisolone(MP) on cerebral protection of rats after focal ischemic reperfusion.Methods Using the Wistar rat models of focal cerebral ischemic reperfusion,we observed the effects of large dose MP before and after ischemia on the volume of middle cerebral after infarction and the change of cerebral water content,meanwhile the pathological change of brain tissue was observed.Results Compared with the control group, the volume of middle cerebral after infarction in MD treatment group was remarkably reduced before and after ischemia (P 0 05 ). From the control group but not the MP treatment group, we found cerebral infiltration of macrophages from the histopathology of rat brain tissues.Conclusion Large dose MP might improve ischemic brain injury,the mechanism related to reducing volume of cerebral infarction and inhibited the infiltration of macrophages in the rat brain tissues.

Objective To study the abnormal expression of P-AKT in follicular thyroid carcinoma and its relationship with angiogenesis. Methods MVD and expressions of P-AKT, VEGF in 40 specimens of FTC tissues were detected by immunohistochemical PV6000 method. Results The expression rate of P-AKT in FTC was higher than that of non-FTC tissues. The result was of statistical significance (P<0.001). There were correlations between the MVD of FTC tissue and the expression of P-AKT and VEGF (P<0.05). The MVD of P-AKT positive FTC tissue was higher than that of negative tissues (P<0.05). The MVD of VEGF positive FTC tissue was also higher than that of negative tissues(P<0.05). There were correlations between the expression of P-AKT and VEGF(P<0.05). Conclusion The hyperexpression of P-AKT played an important role in the secondary deposits and development of human follicular thyroid carcinoma. AKT/VEGF pathway may exist in FTC, and AKT is the key factor in the pathway which regulated the expression of VEGF.

Based on the research standpoint of internal needs,innovative research and management practice,the paper revealed and deeply discussed the 20 drivers behind the full play of medical doctor students' innovative behavior through the use of the method of questionnaire,expert in-depth interviews.

Osteoarthritis is one of the most common diseases seen in clinical practice. Cartilage survives in the hypoxic microenvironment. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a key nuclear transcription factor which mediates the hypoxic response of cells. HIF-1α gene is an important regulator for the adaptation of articular cartilage to the hypoxic environment. It is important for formation of articular cartilage, energy metabolism and matrix synthesis. If the HIF-1α gene is knocked out, the cartilage can not maintain their normal morphology and function, which may lead to cartilage degeneration, and result in diseases such as osteoarthritis. Chinese herbal medicines can regulate the expression of HIF-1α gene and supply a therapy method for osteoarthritis. In this paper, the authors review the situation of the correlation between HIF-1α and osteoarthritis cartilage degeneration examined in recent years.

Objective To establish a method for the determination of berberine hydrochloride in Weichangning granules.Methods RP-HPLC method was set up,using Merck-LiChrospher RP-18 column(4 mm ? 250 mm,5?m);the mobile phase was methnd-water(including 0.18 % phosphoric acid and 0.22 % sodium laurylsulfonate)(68 ∶ 32),flow rate being 1.0 mL / min;column temperature was 35 ℃ and the detection wavelength was 345nm.Results A good linearity was obtained in the range of 0.30 ~ 1.80 ?g(r = 0.9995).The average recovery was 98.32 %,with RSD 0.83 %.Conclusion The method is simple,rapid and with good reproducibility for the determination of berberine hydrochloride in Weichangning granules.