Objective To explore the relationship between platelet activating factors and four platelet parameters in diabetic retinopathy (DR).Methods Eighty patients in our hospital were chosen from January 2015 to December 2015,regular ophthalmological examination and fundus fluorescence were performed on all cases.On the basis of international clinical diabetic retinopathy classification standard,the patients were divided into four groups:No DR group with 20 cases,non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) group with 20 cases,and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) group with 20 cases.20 healthy people who received physical examination during the same period were recruited as the control group.The flow cytometry instrument was used to determinate platelet activating factor CD62p and CD63,automatic blood analyzer was used to determinate platelet parameter which including blood platelet count (PLT),mean platelet volume (MPV),plateletcrit (PCT) and platelet distribution width (PDW),and the changes of platelet activation factor,parameters and its clinical significance in DR were discussed.Results With the development of DR,CD62p,CD63,MVP were numerical gradually increased,and PLT were numerical gradually reduced,the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05);Compared with control group,CD62p,CD63,MVP were increased and PLT were reduced in other group,the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05);Compared with pure diabetes group,CD62p,CD63,MVP were increased and PLT were reduced in NPDR group and PDR group,the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05);Compared with NPDR group,CD62p,CD63,MVP were increased and PLT were reduced in PDR group,the differences were statistically significant(all P ＜ 0.05).PDW were numerical gradually increased in control group,pure diabetes group,NPDR group,PDR group,the differences were statistically significant(all P ＜ 0.05);Control group compared with pure diabetes group,NPDR group compared with PDR group,the differences in PDW was not statistical significant (all P ＞ 0.05);But compared with control group or pure diabetes group,PDW of NPDR group and PDR group increased,the differences were statistically significant(all P ＜ 0.05).The differences in PCT among groups was not statistically significant(all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The platelet activating factor CD62p,CD63 and parameters of platelet show differences in each diabetic retinopathy period,platelet activating factor in the occurrence and development of diabetic retinopathy have important significance.Monitor the platelet activating factor and parameters of platelet can help surveillance of the disease.

Objective:To review methodology of medicine price index methodology and provide methodological implications for empirical researches. Methods:Based on the recent original home and abroad researches, the price index formulas, the medicine product definition, price and quantity units were introduced in this paper together with their merit/demerit and different selections’ measurement bias. Results: The measurement results were significantly different along with selections of the different weighted price index formulas. The medicine product definition and the price/quantity units in the formulas were different as well. By taking into account the new products entry and the ol-der ones exit updating issue, and by considering the products quality changes issue can also have an important empir-ical implication for the price measurement. Conclusions:The medicine price index methods need to be deeply devel-oped and the researchers should devote to further research and perform accurate measurement. In the empirical analy-sis, researchers can use different methods to measure the medicine price index in order to more accurately reflect the medicine price level change.

Objective] To explore the clinical experience of Ma Weiming in the treatment of insomnia.[Method] By following the teacher clinic, the author summarizes chief physician Ma Weiming’s academic experience of treatment of insomnia with classical prescriptions. [Results] In Ma Weiming's opinion, everything harasses the heart, mind vacillation, inducing liver ’s function of storing soul abnormal, the spirit restless is due to insomnia with much dream. So teacher Ma pays attention to “dream diagnosis”.The treatment of insomnia must be combined with heart and liver, making the mind quiet and the liver comfortable. He likes using flowers to balance Qi. In Ma Weiming's opinion, collaterals are invaded by prolonged illness, due to blood stasis. The treatment should use insect drugs to dispell wind and remove obstruction in the meridians, purifying orifices, promoting sleep. [Conclusion] According to the etiology of insomnia to distinguish among different dreams, teacher Ma uses classical prescriptions and combines with his own unique clinical experience on treating insomnia, which has significant effect and worth generalizing.

Our department treated one case of neonatal congenital cyst of tongue in March 23, 2015. The clinical manifestation of the case is mainly laryngeal stridor after birth 10d, and when infants were associated with progressive dysphagia. Electrolaryngoscope examination showed the goitre look like the cyst of tongue. Laryngeal CT scanning showed tongue lesions, consider the possibility of large cyst. Bilateral thyroid gland showed good, and no obvious abnormality was found in the cervical ultrasonography. The children was transferred to the ear-nose-throat department for excision of cyst of tongue by low-temperature plasma knife, and postoperative pathology confirmed the diagnosis of cyst of tongue.
Cold Temperature ; Cryosurgery ; Cysts ; congenital ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Plasma Gases ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tongue ; pathology ; surgery

Through the retrieval of literatures about the research and application of ontology in the diabetes field in PubMed,IEEE/ IET Electronic Library,ACM,WANFANG,CNKI,VIP and other Chinese and English databases,as well as the search engines Google Scholar and Baidu Scholar,the paper shows the current situations and summarizes the main study contents.The result shows that the study achievements of ontology in the field of diabetes increase rapidly and there are obvious advantages in semantic comprehension in recent decade.

The paper analyzes the documents related to the foreign medical automatic Question Answering (QA) system,and compares the differences between automatic QA and traditional network information retrieval,describes the automatic QA system in the aspects of application researches,common tools and relevant technologies.Combining foreign related researches,it also discusses the current key problems of medical automatic QA system and the implications for China in order to offer reference for further research.

Objective Platelet aggregation, activation induced by bubbles is the main cause of decompression sick-ness.Clopidogrel(Clo) can decrease platelet aggregation through inhibiting the bind of fibrinogen and ADP .This study is designed to find if Clopidogrel can paly a protective role in decompression sickness and explore the intervention mechanism . Methods Totally 111 male SD rats divided into 3 groups:normal control group (n=20), decompression sickness(DCS) group(n=46), and DCS+Clo(Clopidogrel)treated decompression sickness (DCS+Clo)group(n=45).The rats in DCS and DCS+Clo group were placed in chamber and compressed to 1.5 MPa at speed of 2t/4 , the time of compression and res-idence was 4.5 min totally, then decompressed to surface at a speed of 3 m/s.The mortality and behavioral of rats were ob-served within 30 min post decompression .The pathology and the wet/dry ratio of lung , WBC and platelet counts in periph-eral blood, the expression of activated platelets , and immunohistochemical detection of lung tissue CD 41 expression were also been tested .Results We found Clo reduces the DCS mortality risk ( mortality rate:11/45 in DCS+Clo group vs 28/46 in DCS group, P<0.01).Clo reduced the lung injury, the wet/dry ratio of lung, the accumulation of platelet and leu-kocyte in lung , the WBC counts and activated platelets in peripheral blood .Conclusion Clo can play a protective role in decompression sickness through reducing post-decompression platelet consumption and activation , decreasing the activation of leukocytes .

Objective To explore the pattern of feedback learning deficits in patients with schizophrenia.Methods Twenty-five patients with schizophrenia and 31 controls participated in the study of probabilistic stimulus selection task.The percentage of choose A and avoid B and individual training blocks of reach performance criterion were analyzed.Results There was no significant difference on the percentage ofchoose A between patient group and control group(control group:(66.13±26.31) ％ ; patient group:(63.75±20.57) ％ ; t=0.37,P=0.713).The percentage of avoid B in patient group was significantly lower than that in control group(control group:(62.10±27.10)％;patient group:(49.75±13.68)％; t=2.212,P=0.032).In addition,the training blocks of reach performance criterion in patient group was significantly greater than that in control group (control group:3.23±2.012;patient group:4.64±1.977; t=-2.635,P=0.011).Conclusion The deficits of feedback learning in patients with schizophrenia is largely due to the failure of avoiding negative feedback stimuli.Learning efficiency was lower in patients with schizophrenia than controls.

Objective To investigate the effects of substrate stiffness on the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells ( HUVEC) during dengue virus infection.Methods Polyacrylamide gels were prepared for cell culture [(0±4) kPa].The proliferation of HUVEC cultured on substrates with differ-ent stiffness was determined by using 3-(4,5-diethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfo-phenyl)-2H-etrazolium,inner salt ( MTS) assay.The cycle and apoptosis of HUVEC were determined by flow cytometry analysis.Dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) strains were propagated and identified by con-ventional assays.The HUVEC were infected with DENV-2 strains at a MOI of 10 and cultured on traditional plastic and hydrogel substrates, respectively.The levels of nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were detected by nitric acid reductase assay and double antibody sandwich ELISA.Results Young′s modulus E value of the hydrogels was (3030 ±0.44) Pa.The proliferation of HUVEC and the expression of NO and ET-1 were enhanced along the increased substrate stiffness.However, no significant differences with the cell cycle and apoptosis were observed between cells cultured on different substrates.Conclusion The stiffness of substrates affected not only the proliferation of HUVEC, but also the release of cytokines during DENV-2 infection.The development of dengue fever was associated with the decreased secretion of vascular active substances as a result of blood vessel injury.The establishment of hydrogel substrates as the model of vascu-lar basement membranes might provide a new way for the in vitro investigation of the pathogenesis of DENV infection.

Objective To explore the correlative factors of sudden death in patients suspected with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) in emergency room (ER).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted.The clinical data of 12 patients with sudden death suspected with PTE (sudden death group) in ER of the Air Force General Hospital from January 2011 to June 2014 were analyzed.The non-sudden death group included 35 patients during the same time period who were diagnosed with PTE based on findings of CT pulmonary arteriography (CTPA) and showed no sudden death in ER.Factors,including sex,age,previous operation,tumor,syncope,dyspnea,bilateral or unilateral edema of lower extremity,heart rate (HR),white blood cell count (WBC),D-dimer,arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2),arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and typical clinical manifestation of electrocardiogram (SⅠTⅢQⅢ),were compared between the two groups.The potential predictors of sudden death of PTE were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.Results Young age (years old:51.3±15.5 vs.62.3±14.4),lower PaO2 [mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa):49.9± 12.3 vs.62.7± 10.2],higher HR (bpm:122.0± 19.5 vs.89.1 ± 18.5) and higher WBC (× 109/L:13.8 ± 6.9 vs.7.2 ± 2.5) were found in sudden death group as compared with those in non-sudden death group (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).There was no significant differences in D-dimer level and PaCO2 between sudden death group and non-sudden death group [D-dimer (pg/L):986 (891,3 230) vs.2089 (598,3 397),PaCO2 (mmHg):33.0 (28.6,43.4)vs.36.5 (32.9,41.0),both P ＞ 0.05].The syncope,antineoplaston treatment or tumor metastasis within 6 months,operation in previous 4 months,bilateral asymmetrical edema in sudden death group were more than those of the non-sudden death group,and chest pain was less (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).Difference in gender,dyspnea and typical SⅠTⅢQⅢ in electrocardiogram were not significant between the two groups (all P ＞ 0.05).It was shown by multiple logistic regression analysis that higher HR [odds ratio (OR) =1.124,95％ confidence interval (95％CI) =1.024-1.235,P =0.014] and higher WBC (OR =1.347,95％CI =1.043-1.738,P =0.022) were identified as independent risk factors of sudden death for PTE.Conclusions Gender,dyspnea,typical S Ⅰ TⅢQⅢ in electrocardiogram,PaCO2 and D-dimer seem unrelated to sudden death of patients with PTE.Young age,chest pain,syncope,bilateral asymmetrical edema,antineoplaston treatment or tumor metastasis within 6 months,operation in previous 4 months and low PaO2 were potential predictors of sudden death according to the univariate analysis.Higher WBC and higher HR are independent risk factors of sudden death for PTE patients.