1.Segmentation adjustment method of three capacity nutrients ratio of metabolic syndrome patients
Yangmei LYU ; Yanxia MIAO ; Liangmei QIAO ; Ruijuan ZHANG ; Luqian ZHANG ; Fangfang CHI ; Jing NAN ; Ling ZHOU
Chinese Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2017;25(5):296-301
Objective To explore a method of subsection adjustment for the proportion of three capacity nutrients in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS).Methods Totally 334 MS patients who were diagnosed in the physical examination center and the department of endocrinology and nutrition of Xi'an Central Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University of School of Medicine were enrolled in this study.According to calculator random digital method,the patients were divided into intervention group (n=168) and the control group (n=166).The energy of two groups were calculated according to the following formula,y =13.5-0.025x1 + 0.215x2-0.006x3+0.342x4-0.268x5+0.623x6 (x1:age,x2:activity intensity index,x3:waist circumference,x4:environmental temperature,x5:BMI,x6:sex).The limit of daily energy was set to 5.02-7.53 MJ.The proportion of the three major nutrients for energy was adjusted of different energy segments of intervention group.When the daily energy was 5.02 MJ,the protein energy ratio was 30%,and the energy increased by 0.42 MJ per time while the protein energy supply ratio was reduced by 2.5%.The energy ratio of carbohydrate was 40%,and the energy increased 0.42 MJ per time while the energy ratio increased by 2.5%.The energy ratio of fat was 30% on various stages of energy supply.The energy proportions of the three major nutrients in the control group were as follows:protein 15%,fat 25%,and carbohydrate 60%.Results After the intervention by 6 months,the 2-hour postprandial blood glucose of intervention group decreased from (9.22±5.57) mmol/L to (6.05±4.68) mmol/L,the hemoglobin A 1 c decreased from (6.79 ± 1.12) % to (5.56± 1.32) %,and the triglyceride decreased from (3.14±1.73) mmol/L to (1.72±1.17) mmol/L.There was significant difference compared with those in control group (P =0.000,0.027,0.034).Conclusion The proportions of the three major nutrients in MS can remarkably improve the glucose and lipid metabolism in MS patients.
2.Association between ambient air pollution and fatal stroke mortality in Songjiang District of Shanghai
Binxin CAI ; Meiying ZHU ; Fangfang CHI ; Huiping LU ; Lan CHEN
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine 2022;34(1):33-36
Objective To investigate the risk of fatal stroke mortality associated with short-term exposure to air pollution, and to determine the susceptible population. Methods In this study, daily stroke mortalities of adults between 2012 and 2014 in Songjiang District, Shanghai were collected. Time-stratified case-crossover approach was used to assess the association between daily concentrations of air pollutants and fatal stroke mortalities. Results This study included 514 patients who died from acute strokes. The average concentrations during the study period were 77.45 μg·m-3 for PM2.5, 21.22 μg·m-3 for SO2, and 57.59 μg·m-3 for NO2. The fatal stroke mortality of adults under the age of 65 was found to be significantly associated with NO2. At the time of a Lag of 2 d and 03 d, a significantly higher risk of fatal stroke mortality in relation to NO2 exposure was observed, and the
3.Pertussis antibody titers in pregnant women's venous blood and cord blood—a survey from three women and children's hospitals in Beijing
Chi LI ; Jiuye GUO ; Li GUAN ; Fangfang GUO ; Rong MI ; Jin FU ; Xiaodai CUI ; Fei XIAO ; Guanfu MA ; Yanyu LYU ; Shanshan GENG ; Lingling DENG ; Yun CHENG ; Dongmei FU ; Guiyun WANG
Chinese Journal of Neonatology 2019;34(5):338-342
Objective To study the levels of antibodies against bordetella pertussis among pregnant women and neonates in Beijing. Method From December 2016 to March 2017, pregnant women and their newborns from three women and children′s hospitals in Beijing were enrolled in this study. 3 ml of venous blood from the mothers and 3 ml of umbilical cord blood from neonates were drawn.Pertussis bacillus IgG antibody (PER-IgG) and pertussis toxin IgG antibody (PT-IgG) were tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. χ2 test was used to compare the positive rate of pertussis IgG antibodies in maternal and cord blood in the three hospitals. Correlational analyses of the antibodies levels in each hospital were conducted. The demographic characteristics, history of cough during pregnancy and history of DTaP vaccination of the mothers were collected via questionnaires. Result A total of 612 pairs of venous blood and cord blood samples were collected, including 4 mothers delivered twins and 616 cases of cord blood sample were collected. No history of pertussis were found in the 612 mothers. Among the 616 cases of umbilical cord blood, positive rate of PER-IgG was 13.3% (82/616), positive rate of PT-IgG was 0.5% (3/616). Among 612 cases of venous blood from the mothers, positive rate of PER-IgG was 7.7% (47/612), positive rate of PT-IgG was 0.3% (2/612). Positive rates of PER-IgG and PT-IgG in the mothers′ venous blood were not correlated with their residences (P=0.676 and 0.544). Positive rates of PER-IgG (r=0.842, P<0.001) and PT-IgG (r=0.619, P<0.001) in the mothers′ blood were positively correlated with the positive rate in umbilical cord blood. Conclusion This study shows that the positive rate of PER-IgG is very low in the maternal and umbilical cord blood in Beijing. Positive correlations of PER-IgG and PT-IgG between mother and umbilical cord blood were existed. Most mothers and their newborns do not have enough protection against pertussis.
4.Discovery and druggability evaluation of pyrrolamide-type GyrB/ParE inhibitor against drug-resistant bacterial infection.
Xintong ZHAO ; Jing FENG ; Jie ZHANG ; Zunsheng HAN ; Yuhua HU ; Hui-Hui SHAO ; Tianlei LI ; Jie XIA ; Kangfan LEI ; Weiping WANG ; Fangfang LAI ; Yuan LIN ; Bo LIU ; Kun ZHANG ; Chi ZHANG ; Qingyun YANG ; Xinyu LUO ; Hanyilan ZHANG ; Chuang LI ; Wenxuan ZHANG ; Song WU
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023;13(12):4945-4962
The bacterial ATP-competitive GyrB/ParE subunits of type II topoisomerase are important anti-bacterial targets to treat super drug-resistant bacterial infections. Herein we discovered novel pyrrolamide-type GyrB/ParE inhibitors based on the structural modifications of the candidate AZD5099 that was withdrawn from the clinical trials due to safety liabilities such as mitochondrial toxicity. The hydroxyisopropyl pyridazine compound 28 had a significant inhibitory effect on Gyrase (GyrB, IC50 = 49 nmol/L) and a modest inhibitory effect on Topo IV (ParE, IC50 = 1.513 μmol/L) of Staphylococcus aureus. It also had significant antibacterial activities on susceptible and resistant Gram-positive bacteria with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of less than 0.03 μg/mL, which showed a time-dependent bactericidal effect and low frequencies of spontaneous resistance against S. aureus. Compound 28 had better protective effects than the positive control drugs such as DS-2969 ( 5) and AZD5099 ( 6) in mouse models of sepsis induced by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. It also showed better bactericidal activities than clinically used vancomycin in the mouse thigh MRSA infection models. Moreover, compound 28 has much lower mitochondrial toxicity than AZD5099 ( 6) as well as excellent therapeutic indexes and pharmacokinetic properties. At present, compound 28 has been evaluated as a pre-clinical drug candidate for the treatment of drug-resistant Gram-positive bacterial infection. On the other hand, compound 28 also has good inhibitory activities against stubborn Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli (MIC = 1 μg/mL), which is comparable with the most potent pyrrolamide-type GyrB/ParE inhibitors reported recently. In addition, the structure-activity relationships of the compounds were also studied.