Objective: To explore parents knowledge, vaccination attitude, and willingness influencing factors of human papillomavirus (HPV) and its vaccine for male primary and secondary school students, so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating targeted health education strategies and promoting the popularization of boys HPV vaccination. Methods: From March 3 to 14, 2025, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 912 parents of boys in primary and secondary school in Bao an District, Shenzhen for a questionnaire survey. Data on their demographic characteristics, HPV related knowledge and its vaccine, vaccination attitude, and willingness were collected. Univariate analysis was performed by using the χ 2 test or t-test, and binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze related factors of HPV vaccine vaccination willingness. Results: The total awareness rate of parents knowledge related to HPV and its vaccine was 35.75%, among which the awareness rates of boys vaccine types ( 6.36% ), optimal age (21.16%), and optimal vaccination period (31.25%) were the lowest. The scores of parents knowledge and attitude related to HPV and its vaccine were (4.31±2.66) and (3.82±0.63). About 64.25% of parents expressed willingness to have boys vaccinated against HPV. The scores of knowledge and attitude related to HPV and its vaccine of parents with vaccination willingness (4.86±2.55, 4.02±0.58) were higher than those of parents without vaccination willingness (3.34±2.57, 3.46±0.55), and the differences were statistically significant ( t =8.59,13.96, both P <0.01). Logistic analysis showed that parents without raising daughters had a lower willingness to vaccinate boys against HPV ( OR=0.49, 95%CI =0.35-0.70); for each 1 increase in parents knowledge score related to HPV and its vaccine, the vaccination willingness increased by 9.0% ( OR=1.09, 95%CI =1.01-1.17); parents who were worried about boys infection risk ( OR=1.50, 95%CI =1.08-2.08) and parents who had their children vaccinated against HPV even if their classmates were not vaccinated ( OR=3.68, 95%CI =2.73-4.94) had higher willingness to vaccinate boys against HPV(all P <0.05). Conclusions Parents of boys in primary and secondary schools of Bao an District, Shenzhen have low scores of knowledge related to HPV and its vaccine.While parents show strong willingness to vaccinate boys against HPV, limited knowledge may hinder both the sustained growth of vaccination intentions and the actual implementation of vaccination practices.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of arthroscopic simple repair technique and en-hanced repair technique in the treatment of chronic lateral ankle instability(CLAI).Methods Forty-one cases of CLAI treated in the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command of PLA from January 2018 to January 2019 were selected and conducted arthroscopic lateral ankle ligament repair or enhanced repair treatment.The follow up data in 39 cases were complete.Among them,18 cases conducted the anterior talofibular ligament repair with wire anchor under arthroscopy and were included in the repair group,while 21 cases conducted the arthroscopic enhanced repair with linear anchors and knots free anchors and were included in the enhanced re-pair group.The postoperative follow up lasted for 12 months.The VAS score and AOFAS ankle-hind foot score before operation and in postoperative,3,6,12 months were compared between the two groups.The effi-cacies of treating CLAI by the two operation modes were evaluated.Results The preoperative VAS score and AOFAS ankle-hind foot score had no statistical differences between the two groups(P＞0.05).The VAS score at postoperative time points had no statistical difference between the enhanced repair group and repair group(P＞0.05).The AOFAS ankle-hind foot score in the enhanced repair group was higher than that in the repair group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).No serious complications occurred in the grouped patients during the follow up period.Conclusion In terms of pain and ankle function,the effect of arthroscopic enhanced repair in treating CLAI is better than that of simple repair.

Objective:To establish a rapid quantitative PCR (qPCR) technique for Mycobacterium marinum skin infections, and to analyze its clinical diagnostic efficiency. Methods:DNA was extracted from Mycobacterium marinum colonies and serially diluted (10 -1 to 10 -8). Twelve pairs of previously reported primers and probes, as well as 6 pairs of newly designed primers and probes in this study, were used for qPCR amplification to identify the most sensitive primers and probes for the detection of Mycobacterium marinum. Skin lesion tissues were collected from 72 patients with confirmed Mycobacterium marinum infections (experimental group) and 68 with other mycobacterial infections (control group) at Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences in 2021. These skin tissues were subjected to qPCR amplification, interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA), acid-fast staining, and tissue culture to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy. Results:The newly designed primers and probes targeting the mycobacterial enhanced infection locus 2 (Mel2) demonstrated the highest sensitivity, with a detection limit of 0.86 copies/μl (cycle threshold value = 37) ; the qPCR amplification with the Mel2 primers/probes did not yield positive results when used for the detection of other mycobacteria (including Mycobacterium leprae and Staphylococcus spp) . Among the 72 patients in the experimental group, 44 were positive for qPCR with a sensitivity of 61.1% (95% CI: 49.6% - 71.5%), and 47 were positive for culture with a sensitivity of 65.2% (95% CI: 53.8% - 75.3%) ; all the 68 controls were negative for both qPCR and culture, with their specificities both being 100%. Among 65 patients subjected to IGRA, 31 were positive with a sensitivity of 47.7% (95% CI: 36.0% - 59.6%), while 16 out of 25 controls were negative for IGRA with a specificity of 64.0% (95% CI: 44.5% - 79.8%). Among 58 patients subjected to acid-fast staining, 37 were positive with a sensitivity of 63.8% (95% CI: 50.9% - 74.9%), and 52 out of 66 controls were negative for acid-fast staining with a specificity of 78.8% (95% CI: 67.5% - 86.9%). The combination of qPCR and culture resulted in a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 100% for the detection of Mycobacterium marinum. Conclusion:In this study, a highly sensitive qPCR assay was developed for the detection of Mycobacterium marinum, and its combination with culture could further improve the detection sensitivity.

Objective:To explore the effect of temperature management based on comfort theory on hypothermia prevention in patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) .Methods:From March to November 2021, 242 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who were treated with TURP in Affiliated Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine were selected as the study subject by convenience sampling. The patients were divided into control group and observation group according to the method of random number table, 121 patients in each group. The control group carried out routine temperature management, while observation group was given temperature management based on comfort theory on the basis of the control group. We compared the temperature of the two groups when they entered the Operating Room (T 1) , 0.5 h after anesthesia (T 2) , 1 h after anesthesia (T 3) , and at the end of the operation (T 4) . The recovery time of anesthesia was compared between the two groups, and the postoperative complications were counted. Results:The temperature of the observation group at T 2, T 3, T 4 was higher than those of the control group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.01) . The temperature changes of patients in both groups showed a downward trend from T 1 to T 4. The incidence of shivering and bladder spasm in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, also with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05) . The duration of stay in the Recovery Room, the recovery time of spontaneous respiration and the recovery time of consciousness in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group, with statistical differences ( P<0.01) . Conclusions:Temperature management based on comfort theory can effectively prevent hypothermia in TURP patients, promote postoperative anesthesia recovery, and reduce postoperative complications.

Objective:To detect gene mutations in a patient with dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa and his family.Methods:Clinical data were collected from a child with dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, and DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of the patient and his parents for whole-exome sequencing. The sequencing result was compared with previously reported sequences of genes related to dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, the comparison results were verified by Sanger sequencing, and biological information was predicted. The mutations were also verified in 100 healthy controls.Results:Compound heterozygous mutations were identified in the patient, including 3 pathogenic mutations, namely c.3625_3635 del11 and c.6270delT mutations in the COL7A1 gene and c.12772G>A mutation in the PLEC gene. The c.6270delT mutation in the COL7A1 gene and c.12772G>A mutation in the PLEC gene were novel mutations. The c.3625_3635 del11 and c.6270delT mutations in the COL7A1 gene were inherited from the patient′s father, which led to premature peptide chain termination, producing a truncated protein; the c.12772G>A mutation in the PLEC gene was inherited from the patient′s mother, resulting in substitution of glutamic acid by lysine at amino acid position 4258 of plectin (p.Glu4258Lys) .Conclusion:Digenic mutations in the COL7A1 and PLEC genes were responsible for autosomal recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa in the patient.

Primary bile acids were reported to augment secretion of chemokine (C‒X‒C motif) ligand 16 (CXCL16) from liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and trigger natural killer T (NKT) cell-based immunotherapy for liver cancer. However, abundant expression of receptors for primary bile acids across the gastrointestinal tract overwhelms the possibility of using agonists against these receptors for liver cancer control. Taking advantage of the intrinsic property of LSECs in capturing circulating nanoparticles in the circulation, we proposed a strategy using nanoemulsion-loaded obeticholic acid (OCA), a clinically approved selective farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist, for precisely manipulating LSECs for triggering NKT cell-mediated liver cancer immunotherapy. The OCA-nanoemulsion (OCA-NE) was prepared

Objective: To explore the clinic-pathological significance of microRNA-145 expression in human cervical cancer and its ef-fects on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Methods: Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of microRNA-145 in 62 cervical cancer samples. The correlation between microRNA-145 expression and the clinic-pathological parameters and its prognostic signifi-cance was analyzed. MicroRNA-145-expressing plasmid and non-sense plasmid were transfected into human cervical cancer HeLa cells, assigned into overexpressed microRNA-145 group and control group. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect the expression location of β-catenin. Top Flash luciferase reporter assay was performed to investigate the effects of microRNA-145 on the transcriptional activity of TCF/LEF and direct interactions with Cateninδ-1. Western blot was used to detect the effects of microRNA-145 on the expression of Cateninδ-1, C-MYC, and CyclinD1. Results: The patients with low microRNA-145 expression showed poorer prognosis [(41.28 ± 2.00) months vs . (46.06 ± 0.95) months, P<0.05]. β-catenin immunofluorescence was distributed within the cyto-plasm in the microRNA-145-overexpressed HeLa cells, but mainly within the nucleus and cytoplasm in the control cells. The luciferase reporter system indicated that the transcriptional activity of TCF/LEF was inhibited in the microRNA-145-overexpressed HeLa cells, and validated Cateninδ-1 was a target of miR-145. The expression of Cateninδ-1, C-MYC, and CyclinD1 was decreased in the microRNA-145-overexpressed HeLa cells. Conclusions: microRNA-145 may inhibit cervical cancer progression via Cateninδ-1 and inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Objective: To explore the effects of intervention programs during primipara, using the Information-motivation-behavioral skills model (IMB) intervention model on initial exclusive breastfeeding. Method: 206 women of primiparas who were registered to the top three hospitals were selected in Shandong province, 2018. These women were hospitalized in the obstetrics/gynaecology wards during the later periods. IMB model was used to support the intervention programs at the following stages: antenatal period, 1 day postpartum, 3-4 days postpartum and 42 days postpartum. Questionnaire regarding self-efficacy energy meter, knowledge and behavior related to breastfeeding, were used before and after the intervention programs. Results: Through intervention programs, statistically significant differences in breastfeeding self-efficacy scores between the four stages (F=150.680, P=0.000) were recorded. Significant differences were also noticed in scores on knowledge of breastfeeding (F=176.556, P=0.000). Conclusion The application of IMB intervention model in women at childbearing age seemed to be helpful in improving the effect of primary breastfeeding in women at childbearing age.

Objective: To investigate the self-reported prevalence, clinical characteristics, complications of allergic rhinitis (AR) and the sensitization of outdoor air pollen allergens in children in the Inner mongolia grassland region. Methods: A multistage, stratified and random clustered sampling with a face-to-face interview survey study in children from 0 to 17 years old was performed together with 10 common allergen skin prick tests (SPT) and measurements of the daily pollen count in 6 regions in the Inner mongolia grassland region from May to August of 2015. SAS 9.4 software was used for data analysis. Results: A total of 2 443 subjects completed the study. The self-reported prevalence of AR was 26.6%. The prevalence of boys was higher than that of girls (28.8% vs 24.3%, χ²=6.157, P<0.05). Subjects from urban areas showed higher prevalence than rural areas (34.7% vs 18.8%, χ²=79.107, P<0.05). There was significant regional difference in the prevalence of AR among the six areas investigated (χ²=221.416, P<0.05). The main clinical symptoms of AR were sneezing (88.2%) and nasal congestion (78.6%). Among combined diseases, asthma accounted for 16.5% (107/650), rhinoconjunctivitis accounted for 47.9% (311/650). The peak season of AR was April and July, with the top SPT positive allergens of Artemisia species and chenopodium in this area. Conclusions The prevalence AR in children in the Inner mongolia grassland region is extremely high. Sneezing is the main clinical symptom. Rhinoconjunctivitis is the most common combined disease. High summer and autumn pollen exposure is the main cause of AR.

To establish an animal model of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) that would replicate the pathological process of ACLF in humans, rats were administered porcine serum (PS) for 11 weeks. Liver fibrosis was determined by pathological and biochemical assessments. The animals then were injected with d-galactosamine (d-gal) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The survival times of animals with cirrhosis and ACLF were determined over 48 h. Other animals were killed at 0, 4, 8 and 12 h after administration of d-gal/LPS. Liver injury was assessed by histopathological analysis and biochemical indices, and apoptosis was detected by Western blot and TUNEL analysis. After PS administration for 11 weeks the serum levels of hyaluronic acid and N-procollagen type III peptide increased significantly, and serious fibrosis and cirrhosis was observed at weeks 10 and 11. Cirrhotic rats were injected with d-gal/LPS to induced ACLF; the rate of mortality over 48 h was 80%. ALT and AST levels increased markedly at 4 h, but decreased significantly at 8 and 12 h post-treatment. The total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and total bile acids levels increased markedly at 8 and 12 h. Clotting times, TNF-and IL-6 levels increased significantly, except for 12 h post-treatment. Apoptosis, inflammation and necrosis were elevated as determined by hematoxylin-eosin staining and TUNEL assays. BCL-2 levels decreased significantly, While BAX levels increased significantly. Cytochromeexpression peaked at 8 h post-d-gal/LPS treatment. In conclusion, an ACLF model induced by PS and d-gal/LPS was established and the underlying mechanisms of ACLF development were explored.