AIM: To verify the role of enhancing or suppressing the expression of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) in the growth, migration and invasion of glioblastoma multiforme cell lines U87MG and U118MG.METHODS:U87MG and U118MG cell lines were transfected with the vector containing specific siRNA or pcDNA3.1 recombinant plas-mid both targeting GPx1.The mRNA and protein expression levels of GPx1 were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting.MTS assay was applied for determining the cell activity.The abilities of migration and invasion were examined by Transwell assay.RESULTS:Compared with blank control group and negative group, the inhibitory rate of the cell activity in U87MG cells in siRNA group was significantly reduced by 25.9%, 35.7%and 34.8%at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, respec-tively (P<0.05).In contrast, the cell activity of U118MG cells in pcDNA3.1-GPx1 group was significantly increased by 22.7%, 45.8%and 39.8%at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, respectively ( P<0.05) .In siRNA group, the inhibitory rate of mi-gration in U87MG cells was 41.6%±8.2%and the invasion was 41.6%±8.2%compared with blank control group and negative group (P<0.05).The cell migration and invasion rates of the U118MG cells in pcDNA-GPx1 group were in-creased by 55.8%±9.8% and 60.8% ±9.2%, respectively, compared with blank control group and negative group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The down-regulation of GPx1 by specific siRNA reduces the capability of cell growth, mi-gration and invasion of U87MG cells, while up-regulation of GPx1 by pcDNA3.1-GPx1 increases the capability of cell growth, migration and invasion of U118MG cells.

Objective To investigate the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of gene interleukin-23 receptor (IL-23R) rs1004819, rs1495965, rs1884444, rs2201841,rs6677188, rs7517847, rs7530511, rs10489629, rs10889677 and rs11209026 with susceptibility of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Han population of Jiangsu province in China. Methods The gene polymorphism in 134 healthy volunteers, 135 cases of ulcerative colitis(UC) and 43 cases of Crohn's disease(CD) were detected with SNaPshot. Experimental data were analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software. Results In UC, genotype frequency of CC and CT on rs7530511 was 99.26％ (134/135)and 0.74％(1/135), allele frequency of C and T was 99.63％(269/270)and 0. 37％(1/270). While in normal controls, which were 94.03％(126/134), 5.97％(8/134), 97.01 ％(260/268)and 2.99％(8/268)respectively. Compared genotype frequency of these two group, P value was 0. 040 (OR＝0.118、95％CI:0.014～0.953). Compared allele frequency of these two group, P value was 0. 043 (OR＝0.121、95％CI:0.015～0.973). In wild type and mutation type UC patients, the age distribution was different, more young patients in mutation type while more middle-aged patients in wild type, P value was 0.032 and 0.001 respectively. Most UC patients of rs6677188 AT type were in remission under endoscope (P＝0.032). Conclusion The mutation of IL-23R rs7530511 may be a protective factor of UC. The polymorphism of rs6677188 was associated with the age of patients and the remission under endoscope.

ObjectiveTo investigate the possible association of interleukin-23 receptor(IL-23R) polymorphisms with the susceptibility and phenotype of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in Jiangsu Han population.MethodsWe genotyped 178 IBD patients including 135 patients with ulcerative colitis ( UC),43 patients with Crohn's disease (CD),and 134 headthy controls for rs11805303,rs1343151,rs11465804,rs11209032,rs17375018,rs11465788.ResultsComparing with the controls (50.4％ ),there was a significant increase in the carriage of the T allele of rs11805303 in UC (60.4％) ( P =0.020).In genotypephenotype correlation of rs17375018 in UC,clinical severity(UCDAI) was associated with the prevalence of the G allele showed a trend to mild activity.Genotype polymorphisms of rs17375018A was observed more in younger than 25 in the genotype-phenotype correlation in CD(41.7％ vs 22.0％,P =0.050,OR =2.532,95％ CI 0.988-6.494),while rs11805303 was associated with age at diagnose and disease lesion (P =O.039 and 0.044).The risk of extra intestinal manifestation in rs17375018A allele carriers was lower (23.1％ vs46.7％,P=0.040,OR =2.917,95％CI 1.027-8.283).ConclusionsWe confirmed the susceptibility of rs11805303polymorphisms with UC and first demonstrated the genotype-phenot correlation of rs11805303,rs17375018 with UC,CD in Jiangsu Han population.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of biplane osteotomy in the treatment of malunion of Stephens-Sanders type Ⅱ calcaneal fracture.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 31 patients who had been treated by biplane osteotomy at Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University for malunion of Stephens-Sanders type Ⅱ calcaneal fracture from January 2019 to January 2022. There were 21 males and 10 females, with an age of (41.4±13.9) years and a duration from injury to diagnosis of (12.8±8.9) months. Functional and image scores were compared before surgery, 6 months after surgery, and at the last follow-up. Functional scores included the visual analogue scale (VAS) score, the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, and the pain interference (PI) and physical function (PF) indices in the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). Image scores included the Gissane angle, B?hler's angle, calcaneal pitch angle, length of the calcaneus, absolute foot height, and axial calcaneal width as measured on X-rays.Results:The operation time was (106.6±29.9) minutes for this cohort. All the 31 patients were followed up for (18.4±5.8) months. At 6 months after surgery and the last follow-up, the VAS scores [3 (2, 3), 2 (1, 3)], AOFAS scores [83 (76, 87), 85 (83, 87)], PI scores [(57±9), (48±6)], PF scores [53 (39, 61), 56 (54, 66)], Gissane angles (109.6°±14.1°, 109.3°±14.9°), B?hler angles (26.5°±11.6°, 26.9°±11.8°), calcaneal pitch angles [19.1° (14.5°, 23.9°), 19.9° (14.5°, 23.9°)], absolute foot heights [(76.5±9.6) mm, (76.0±9.9) mm], and axial calcaneal widths [(38.5±4.1) mm, (38.3±4.1) mm] were all significantly improved compared to the preoperative values [5 (4, 6), 62 (56, 67), (62±6), 47 (38, 51), 126.8°±13.1°, 11.8°±10.9°, 13.8° (8.2°, 18.7°), (71.0±9.1) mm, (42.8±5.5) mm] (all P<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the length of the calcaneus among pre-surgery, 6 months after surgery, and the last follow-up ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Biplane osteotomy is a surgical technique that demonstrates good clinical efficacy in the treatment of malunion of Stephens-Sanders type Ⅱ calcaneal fracture so that it should be promoted in clinic.

Objective To investigate the changes in the awareness rate of Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge among medical professionals before and after training in Fangcheng County, a disease-elimination pilot area of Henan Province, so as to evaluate the effectiveness of the training. Methods Three townships in Fangcheng County were randomly selected as the study townships, including Dushu, Bowang and Yangji townships, while Erlangmiao, Yanglou and Xiaoshidian townships in the county were randomly selected as the control townships. The grassroots medical professionals in the study townships were given once training on T. solium taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge each year from 2016 to 2020, while those in the control townships were given no interventions. All village-level doctors and a part of township-level public health professionals were sampled from the study and control townships as intervention and control groups. The baseline and final assessments of the awareness of T. solium taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge were performed using questionnaire survey in intervention and control groups in 2016 and 2020, and the awareness of T. solium taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge was compared between the two groups. Results A total of 663 medical professionals were investigated in Fangcheng County from 2016 to 2020, including 474 participants in the intervention group and 189 participants in the control group. Results from the 2016 baseline survey showed that the awareness rate of T. solium taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge was 28.83% (47/163) among grassroots medical professionals in Fangcheng County, and there were no significant differences in the awareness between the intervention (32.47%, 25/77) and control groups (25.58%, 22/86) (χ² = 0.939, P > 0.05), between men (30.50%, 43/141) and women (18.18%, 4/22) (χ² = 1.406, P > 0.05) or between village- (31.39%, 43/137) and township-level medical professionals (15.38%, 4/26) (χ² = 2.727, P > 0.05), while significant differences were found in the awareness rate of T. solium taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge among medical professionals in terms of education levels (χ² = 8.190, P < 0.05) and duration of working experiences (χ² = 12.617, P < 0.05), and the awareness rate of T. solium taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge increased with education levels among medical professionals (χ² = 6.768, P < 0.05). Only 5.52% (9/163) of the medical professionals had a history of diagnosis and therapy of T. solium taeniasis or cysticercosis, and only 1.23% (2/163) received training on T. solium taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge during the past 5 years. Results from the 2020 questionnaire survey showed a higher awareness rate of T. solium taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge among medical professionals in the intervention group (93.55%, 116/124) than in the control group (46.60%, 48/103) (χ² = 61.845, P < 0.05), and no significant differences were seen in the awareness rate of T. solium taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge among medical professionals in terms of gender, level of medical professionals, duration of working experiences or history of diagnosis/therapy of T. solium taeniasis and cysticercosis in the intervention group (χ² = 1.089, 0.140, 0.081 and 0.453, all P values > 0.05), while there was a significant difference in the awareness rate among medical professionals with different education levels (χ² = 36.338, P < 0.05). In addition, the awareness rate of T. solium taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge significantly increased among medical professionals with various chracteristics in 2020 than in 2016. Conclusions In the low-prevalence areas of T. solium taeniasis and cysticercosis, long-term and persistent training may improve the awareness of T. solium taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge among grassroots medical professionals, which facilitates the timely identification of T. solium taeniasis and cysticercosis and the establishment of a sensitive disease surveillance system.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of four anti-cysticercus IgG, IgG4 or IgM antibody test kits (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA) by different manufacturers, so as to provide insights into the epidemiological investigation and clinical detection of cysticercosis. Methods Forty serum samples from cerebral cysticercosis patients, 100 serum samples from healthy volunteers, 30 serum samples from paragonimiasis skrjabini patients, 17 serum samples from cystic echinococcosis and 19 serum samples from subcutaneous or cerebral sparganosis patients were collected and detected using anti-cysticercus IgG, IgG4 or IgM antibody test kits (brand A) and the anti-cysticercus IgG antibody test kit (brand B). The sensitivity, specificity and false negative rate of the four kits for detection of cysticercosis were estimated. Results The anti-cysticercus IgG, IgG4 or IgM antibody test kits (brand A) showed 95.00% (38/40), 87.50% (35/40), 7.50% (3/40) sensitivities and 98.00% (98/100), 100.00% (100/100) and 100.00% (100/100) for detection of cysticercosis, while the anti-cysticercus IgG antibody test kit (brand B) presented a 75.00% (30/40) sensitivity and 100.00% (100/100) specificity for detection of cysticercosis. The sensitivity for detection of cysticercosis was significantly higher by the anti-cysticercus IgG antibody test kit (brand A) than by the anti-cysticercus IgG antibody test kit (brand B) (χ² = 6.28, P < 0.05); however, no significant difference was seen in the specificity by two kits (χ² = 2.01, P > 0.05). The four ELISA kits showed overall false positive rates of 37.88% (25/66), 22.73% (15/66), 62.12% (41/66) and 15.15% (10/66) for detection of paragonimiasis, echinococcosis and sparganosis (χ² = 37.61, P < 0.05), and the anti-cysticercus IgG antibody test kit (brand A) presented the highest overall false positive rate for detection of paragonimiasis, echinococcosis and sparganosis (χ² = 7.56, P’ < 0.008), while a higher overall false positive rate was seen for detection of paragonimiasis, echinococcosis and sparganosis by the anti-cysticercus IgG antibody test kit (brand A) than by the anti-cysticercus IgG antibody test kit (brand B) (χ² = 8.75, P’ < 0.008). The four ELISA kits showed false positive rates of 40.00% (12/30), 16.67% (5/30), 76.67% (23/30) and 13.33% (4/30) for detection of paragonimiasis (χ2 = 32.88, P < 0.05) and 21.05% (4/19), 26.32% (5/19), 73.68% (14/19) and 15.79% (3/19) for detection of sparganosis (χ² = 19.97, P < 0.05), and the highest false positive rates were found by the anti-cysticercus IgM antibody test kit (brand A) for detection of paragonimiasis and sparganosis (all P’ < 0.008). However, the four ELISA kits showed comparable false positive rates of 52.94% (9/17), 29.41% (5/17), 23.53% (4/17) and 17.65% (3/17) for detection of echinococcosis (χ² = 8.24, P > 0.05). In addition, the anti-cysticercus IgM anti-body test kit (brand A) showed false positive rates of 76.67% (23/30), 23.53% (4/17) and 73.68% (14/19) for detection of paragonimiasis, echinococcosis and sparganosis (χ² = 14.537, P < 0.05), with the lowest false positive rate seen for detection of echinococcosis (χ² = 14.537, P’ < 0.014), while no significant differences were seen in the false positive rate for detection of paragonimiasis, echinococcosis and sparganosis by other three ELISA kits (all P > 0.05). Conclusions The four anti-cysticercus IgG, IgG4 or IgM antibody test kits exhibit various efficiencies for serodiagnosis of cysticercosis. The anti-cysticercus IgG antibody test kit (brand A) has a high sensitivity for serodiagnosis of cysticercosis; however, it still needs to solve the problems of cross-reaction with other parasitic diseases and stability.

Henan Province is one of the provinces where taeniasis and cysticercosis were historically highly prevalent, and Taenia solium is the dominant species of tapeworm. Following the concerted efforts since 1970s, the prevalence of human taeniasis and cysticercosis has been maintained at a low level in Henan Province, which facilitates the national taeniasis and cysticercosis elimination program in China. Following the implementation of the policy of aeniasis and cysticercosis elimination and classified guidance, a great success has been achieved in aeniasis and cysticercosis control in Henan Province. With continuous promotion of the opening-up policy and the Belt and Road Initiative, there are still challenges in taeniasis and cysticercosis control. This review summarizes the control progress of taeniasis and cysticercosis and proposes the challenges of taeniasis and cysticercosis control in Henan Province.

Objective To compare the changes of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) related to taeniasis and cysticercosis among primary school students before and after health education interventions in disease-elimination pilot areas of Henan Province, so as to evaluate the effectiveness of health education interventions. Methods A primary school was selected from each of Dushu, Bowang and Yangji townships, Fangcheng County, Henan Province from 2017 to 2019; then, 2 to 3 classes were randomly selected from grade 4 to 6 in each primary school, and finally, all students in these classes were enrolled as study subjects. A thematic health education lecture pertaining to taeniasis and cysticercosis was given once each year by means of “health education in class”. The KAP towards taeniasis and cysticercosis was investigated among primary school students using selffilled structured questionnaires, and the changes of awareness of taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge and percentage of healthy behaviors formation were compared in primary school students among years and following various frequencies of health education interventions. Results More than 10 thousand person-time primary school students received health education interventions during the period from 2017 to 2019, and a total of 1 223 person-time primary school students were investigated during the 3-year study period, including 633 person-time men and 590 person-time women and 88.55% of primary school students at ages of 10 to 12 years. The proportion of households raising pigs and using dry toiliets decreased from 5.30% (24/453) and 18.10% (82/453) in 2017 to 3.60% (13/361) and 11.08% (40/361) in 2019, respectively. The awareness rate of taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge increased significantly from 0.22% (1/453) in 2017 to 62.59% (256/409) in 2018 and 76.73% (277/361) in 2019 (χ² = 567.60, P < 0.001), and the awareness rate was 85.25% (104/122) among primary school students attending the thematic special health education courses for successive three times. The awareness rates of taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge were 0.44% (1/225), 58.00% (116/200) and 71.63% (149/208) among male students and 0 (0/338), 66.99% (140/209) and 83.66% (128/153) among female students from 2017 to 2019, and there was a significant difference in the awareness of taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge between male and female students in 2019 (χ² = 7.14, P = 0.01). On-site teaching by doctors was the students’ favorite way to receive health education interventions (70.07%, 857/1 223), followed by watching health education videos (58.63%, 717/1 223) and seeing parasite specimens (48.9%, 598/1 223). The proportion of students’ families who used cutting boards for raw and cooked food separately increased from 7.28% (33/453) in 2017 to 47.37% (171/361) in 2019, was 67.21% (82/122) among students attending the health education courses for successive three times. The proportion of students who frequently washed their hands before meals and after using toilet increased from 71.96% (324/453) in 2017 to 89.47% (319/361) in 2019 and was 95.90% (117/122) among students attending the health education courses for successive three times. In addition, the percentage of students washing hands frequently in families using dry toilets was significantly lower in those who did not use dry toilets (χ² = 9.21, P = 0.002), and the proportion of students with a habit of eating raw or undercooked meat decreased significantly from 35.76% (162/453) in 2017 to 6.65% (24/361) in 2019 (χ² = 69.11, P < 0.01). Conclusion The thematic health education activity of “health education in class” contributes greatly to the increase in the awareness of taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge and the rate of healthy behaviors formation among primary school students in diseaseelimination pilot areas of Henan Province.