Acute Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Propionates ; blood ; Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency Disease

Objective To investigate the potential effects of rosuvastatin on white matter lesion and spatial memo?ry function in chronic hypertensive rats. Methods Fourty-nine male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group, vehicle-treated group, and rosuvastatin-treated group (10 mg/kg).A model of stroke-prone reno?vascular hypertensive rat (RHRSP) was induced by using the two-kidney two clip method in the vehicle-treated group and the rosuvastatin-treated group. Blood pressure was monitored regularly. Morris water maze experiment was conduct?ed to assess spatial memory function. Luxol fast blue stanning was used to examine the degree of leukoaraiosis. Immuno?fluorescence and electron microscopy was used to detectβ-amyloid deposits. TUNEL staining was used to assess apopto?sis. Results The blood pressure of RHRSP increased progressively after operation.Blood pressure was significantly high?er in RHRSP than in sham-operation group (P<0.01). The escape latencies of the rosuvastatin-treated group were mark?edly shorter in RHRSP than in sham-operation group (P<0.01). The numbers of crossing hidden platform in the 3 groups of rats were 4.55±1.23, 1.00±0.80 and 3.79±0.95 times. There were significantly differences in numbers of crossing hid? den platform among three groups (P<0.01). Luxol fast blue stanning showed that the grading scores for WML were lower in the rosuvastatin-treated than in the vehicle-treated group (P<0.01). Rosuvastatin significantly decreased the burden of Aβdeposits(17.47±3.59 vs. 4.42±1.57,P<0.01)and the TUNEL+cells(37.84±4.73 vs. 14.42±2.43,P<0.01)in the fron?tal cortex when compared with the vehicle-treated group. Conclusions Rosuvastatin may ameliorate spatial memory func?tion through attenuation of white matter lesion, Aβdeposits and apoptosis .

Objective To explore the effects of Atorvastatin and Simvastatin on serum levels of lipid,high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs CRP)and ventricular remodeling in patients with acute coronary syndromes(ACS).Methods In this prospective study,96 patients with acute coronary syndrome were admitted in our hospital from December 2014 to September 2016.In the prospectively study,they were randomized into Atorvastatin group(Atorvastatin 20 mg daily,n =48) and Simvastatin group(Simvastatin 40 mg daily,n=48),and serum levels of hs CRP,lipids and changes in myocardial function were detected and compared between two groups before and after treatment.Results The serum levels of hs-CRP and lipids were significantly lower in Atorvastatin group than in Simvastatin group at 8 weeks after treatment(P＜0.05).At the end of the treatment,the levels of left ventricular reject fraction and left ventricular end-diastolic volume index were improved (all P ＜ 0.05) in two groups,but significantly higher in Atorvastatin group [(44.8 ± 6.3) ％ and (62.7 ± 10.4)] than in Simvastatin group [(48.9 ± 6.9) ％ and (67.9 ± 10.5) respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Simvastatin and Atorvastatin can effectively promote the decrease in levels of blood lipids and inflammatory reaction,and help to improve the myocardial function in patients with acute coronary syndrome,but Atorvastatin effects are more significant.

ObjectiveTo construct the eukaryotic expression plasmids containing cysteine protease inhibitor (CPI) and glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene from periodic Brugia malayi (Bm),and to observe its cellular immune response in mouse.Methods pcDNA3.1 (+)-BmCPI/BmGAPDH was constructed.The recombinant plasmids were screened and identified by digestion with restriction enzyme.BALB/c mice were injected intramuscularly with a dosage of 100 μg purified recombinant plasmid DNA with GpG oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG ODN) and two same doses were administrated at 2-week intervals.pcDNA3.1 (+) and phosphate buffered solution (PBS) were used as controls.The tissue of muscles at 4 weeks after the third injection was collected and the target gene was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR).Two weeks after the third immunization,the stimulation index (SI) of spleen lymphocytes of immunized mice was measured by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method and the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-4 and interferon (IFN)-γ were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The data were analyzed by t test.ResultsBmCPI/BmGAPDH gene in the injected muscle of the immunized mice was detected by RT-PCR. At 6 weeks after immunization,the SIot spleen T lymphocytes in pcDNA3.1 (+)-BmCPI/CpG group and pcDNA3.1 (+)-BmCPI/BmGAPDH/CpG group were 1.466 ± 0.635 and 1.610 ± 0.112,respectively,which were both higher than PBS group and pcDNA3.1( +)-CpG group (1.004 ± 0.019 and 1.078 ± 0.129,respectively) (t=64.438,45.318,42.749 and 34.314,respectively; all P＜0.05).At 4 weeks after immunization,the serum levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ of mice in pcDNA3.1 ( + )-BmCPI/BmGAPDH/ CpG group were significantly higher than those in pcDNA3.1 (+)-CpG group (t=288.053 and 76.453,respectively; both P＜0.05),while the serum level of IFN-γ was also higher than that in pcDNA3.1 (+)-BmCPI/CpG group (t=129.642,P＜0.05). ConclusionThe recombinant eukaryotic plasmid pcDNA3.1 (+)-BmCPI/BmGAPDH could be expressed in mice,and could elicit specific cellular immune responses in immunized mice.

Objective To investigate the gender difference of the plasma lactic acid(LA) levels in type 2 diabetics with normal renal and hepatic function, and the effect of metformin on LA levels in the difference gender. Methods A total of 1 021 type 2 diabetic inpatients with normal renal and hepatic functions were collected,including metformin treatment group (213 males and 210 females) and metformin non-treatment group (299 males and 299 females). LA was measured with enzyme-electrode assay. Fasting plasma glucose ( FPG), creatinine ( Cr), and alanine aminotransferase ( ALT) levels were determined. Results LA level in metformin treatment group was significantly higher than that in metformin non-treatment group [ (1.32±0.53 vs 1.14±0.49) mmol/L,P<0.01],and 61 cases had hyperlactacidemia but no lactic acidosis was found. Spearman correlation analysis showed that LA level was positively associated with gender,metformin, and body mass index( BMI) apart from Cr and ALT( P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender,Cr,ALT,and metformin were independent correlated factors of hyperlactacidemia. LA levels in females were higher than those of males in the whole group and two groups treated or not treated with metformin (all P<0. 05 ). LA levels in females were higher compared to male in Cr and ALT subgroups,as well as age subgroups,especially with age younger than 45 years old (P=0.021). Conclusions There is gender difference of lactate level in diabetic patients,and the effect of metformin on the plasma lactate levels of different gender is varied. The plasma LA level in females,especially those approaching menopause,are prone to hoist.

Objective To construct the eukaryotic expression plasmid containing glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and cysteine protease inhibitor ( CPI ) gene from periodic Brugia malayi (Bm) and to lay foundation for studying multivalent vaccines. Methods Total RNA was extracted from periodic Bin. The BmGAPDH and BmCPI genes were amplified by RT-PCR. The PCR product was cloned and then subeloned into eukaryotic recombinant plasmid vector pcDNA3.1 (+). pcDNA3.1 (+)/BmGAPDH/BmCPI was constructed. The recombinant plasmids were screened and identified by digestion with restriction enzyme and PCR amplification, and were transformed into HeLa cell subsequently. The transient expression of BmGAPDH and BmCPI were examined by RT-PCR. The expressed protein was identified by sodium dodeeylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE). Results Two specific bands of around 877 bp of BmGAPDH and 621 bp of BmCPI were amplified, consistent with the expected value. The same bands were obtained by double restriction enzyme digestion of recombinant plasmids or PCR using recombinant plasmid as template. BmGAPDH and BmCPI mRNA were highly expressed in transfeeted HeLa cell. The relative molecular mass (Mr) of the recombinant protein was about 54 × 103. Conclusion The recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.1 (+)/BmGAPDH/BmCPI has been constructed successfully and the protein is expressed correctly in mammalian cell.

Objective To investigate the compensatory changes in morphology,function,and hemodynamic indices of the retained kidney after nephrectomy among living related donors.Method The 170 living related kidney donors underwent assessments before surgery as well as at 1st and 12th month,postoperatively,including length,width,short diameter,glomerular filtration rate (GFR),effective renal plasma flow (ERPF),peak systolic blood flow velocity (Vsmax),resistance index (RI),as well as pulsatility indices (PI) of main renal artery (MRA),segmental renal artery (SRA),and interlobar renal artery (IRA).Results All subjects were followed up for 9 to 68 months,with no observed hypertension or kidney failure.The length,width,and short diameters of the retained kidney were increased significantly (P＜0.01) at 1st and 12th month postoperatively.The renal sizes at 1st month postoperation were similar to that at 12th month postoperation (P＞0.05).GFR and ERPF were increased significantly as compared with preoperative values (P＜0.01) with similar values at postoperative month 1 and 12 (P＞0.05).The Vsmax of MRA,SRA,and IRA in the retained kidney were increased significantly (P＜0.01),and the RI and PI were also increased as compared with the preoperative values (P＜0.05),albeit these indicators were similar at postoperative months 1 and 12 (P＞0.05).Conclusion For all subjects studied after unilateral nephrectomy in a living related donor,the diameter of the retained kidney as well as the GFR and ERPF showed compensatory increases.Various arterial hemodynamic parameters also showed compensatory changes.Under strict donor inclusion criteria,living related kidney donor procedures is safe.

Objective To evaluate the anatomical basis of retrohepatic tunnel used for liver hanging maneuver.Methods The anatomy of inferior vena cava ( IVC ) was studied in 20 healthy adult cadavers and 15 patients with advanced cirrhosis who underwent piggyback liver transplantation to confirm the existence of the path of retrohepatic tunnel and count the number of short hepatic veins draining into retrohepatic IVC.Results Short hepatic veins mainly drain into the IVC on its left and right sides.The number of short hepatic veins that drain into the upper or middle portion of the IVC was significantly more than that into the lower portion ( x2 =48.524,P ＜ 0.01 ).On the path of retrohepatic tunnel,most short hepatic veins that drain into the IVC are located on the front side ( F =9.188,P ＜ 0.01 ).There was no significant difference in the number of short hepatic vein between the groups of liver cirrhosis and that of healthy adults ( t =0.405,P ＞ 0.05 ),but anatomic variation of post-hepatic tunnel is common in liver cirrhotics.Conclusions Retrohepatic tunnel was a potential space and had a unique anatomical feature.The establishment of retrohepatic tunnel by liver hanging maneuver is safe in noncirrhotics.However,in advanced posthepatitic cirrhosis,retrohepatic tunnel should be used with caution.

Objective To study the safety and efficacy of low dose Peginterferon-alpha-2a (PEG-INF-α-2a) combined with Ribavirin treating chronic hepatitis C in renal transplant recipients.Methods A total of 13 cases of HCV hepatitis were randomly divided into treatment and control groups.Seven cases in treatment group were given PEG-INF-α-2a (90 μg/week) and ribavirin (600mg/day) for 16 to 48 weeks,and the rest 6 cases in control group were subjected to general liver protection and anti-inflammatory treatment. All patients were followed up for more than 2 years.Results There were 5 cases getting early response in treatment group for 16 weeks,including four cases of complete response and no non-effects response patients. In 4 cases voluntarily receiving treatment for 48 weeks,1 case had facial muscle myalgia and increased Cr level at 35th week,humoral graft rejection was confirmed pathologically,and the treatment was terminated; 1 case had recurrence of HCV RNA replication and PEG-INF-α-2a was withdrawn at 38th week.As results,5 patients in the treatment group obtained complete response after two years,including 2 cases whose HCV-IgG had got negative,HCV RNA replication was significantly lower than in the control group,and the average Cr higher than in control group (P＞ 0.05). There were adverse reactions during this treatment protocol: fever,muscle myalgia,agranulocytosis, anemia and humoral graft rejection.Conclusion The efficacy of low lose PEG-INF α-2a combined with ribavirin is definite in the treatment of chronic HCV hepatitis in kidney transplant recipients.The 16-week treatment duration is reasonable.It is remarkable that PEG-INF-α-2a may cause humoral graft rejection and Cr crawling.