· AlM: To analyze the clinical data of 54 cases misdiagnosed as optic neuritis and to explore measures to reduce misdiagnosis
· METHODS: This retrospective study comprised 54 patients that had been misdiagnosed as optic neuritis from September 2000 to June 2013. The misdiagnosis features were summarized.
· RESULTS:Many diseases can easily be misdiagnosed as optic neuritis, including ischemic optic neuropathy, intracranial tumors, optic nerve vasculitis, myelinated nerve fibers, and so on.
· CONCLUSlON: The measures to reduce misdiagnosis consisted of detailed history collection, perfect physical examination and comprehensive expertise of fundus disease.

Hemangioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry

The hospitalpice enterprise has developed vigorously in China ever since 1980s.However,influenced by the long history and traditional Chinese culture,there are some ethical dilemmas in the issues of choice of death and palliative treatment.Choice of death and palliative treatment for the dying patients have been restricted by the traditional Chinese philosophy of death,traditional principles of filial piety,and the absence of support from euthanasia legislation.It is suggested that during the introduction of hospitalpice into china,the traditional Chinese value be respected.Meanwhile,people's cognition of hospitalpice should also be shifted to decrease the constraint of traditional ideas.The whole social power should be united and professional regulation construction should also be strengthened.Besides,it is also important to improve training for related professionals,promote the process of hospitalpice legislation as well as go abide by the current laws in order to achieve a high-quality hospitalpice.

Spironolactone has been widely used in clinical treatment of PA,but its adverse effects are prominent when at large dose.So it is very important for clinicians to choose proper medications and doses for PA.With widespread use of selective aldosterone-receptor antagonists,non-aldosterone antagonists diuretic,calcium antagonists,angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blocker in treatment of PA,clilicians now have more choice.This review introduces the progress in medications of PA in recent years.

Objective To observe the cardioprotective effect of ginseng-monkshood extract injection on ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats'isolated working hearts.Methods The heart models of ischemia-reperfusion injury were built by Langendorff isolated heart perfusion technology.The different concentrations of nitrogen saturated Ginseng-monkshood extract injection were used for infusion,and the indexes of heart rate,coronary flow and myocardial enzymes were observed in reperfusion 20 min and 40 min.Results Infusion of ginseng-monkshood extract injection can improved heart rate and flux of coronary artery and inhibit the leak of lactic dehydrogenase and creatine kinase during ischemia reperfusion.Conclusions Ginseng-monkshood extract injection has obviously protective effect on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.

Objective To investigate the siRNA interference of S100A4 mRNA of human pancreatic cancer cell radiosensitivity.Method Cultured human pancreatic BxPC-3,AsPC-1 in vitro,logarithmic phase cells as the experimental object,were divided into three groups:normal control group (without any treatment),negative control group (transfected with negative control fragment),interference group (transfected S100A4 protein fragment siRNA),the chemical synthesis siRNAS100A4 fragment interference of S100A4 mRNA 0,1,2,3,5,7,10 Gy given 6MV X-ray irradiation,the use of clone formation assay,Giemsa stained colony formation rate is calculated and SF2,and the fitting cell survival curve.Results The siRNA interference S100A4 after BxPC-3 cells SF2 value are:the control group 0.68±0.02,negative control group 0.65±0.01.interference group,0.38±0.02,P＜0.05.AsPC-1 cells SF2 value:control group 0.48±The0.02,negative control group 0.47±0.02; interference group:0.37±0.04,P＜0.05.Conclusion siRNA interference S100A4 after increased radiosensitivity of human pancreatic cancer cell lines.

Objective To find antitumor cOnstituents from Tripterygium hypoglaucum.Methods The chloroform extract of T.hypoglaucum was separated by silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC.The structures of compounds isolated were identified by spectral analysis and chemical evidence.Results Seven compounds were isolated and identified as rhein ethyl ester(1),chrysophenol(2),physcion(3),emodin(4),wilfordine(5),wilforgine(6),and wilforine(7).The cytotoxic activities of the compounds against cancer cell lines were assayed.Conclusion Compound 1 is a new natural compound with strong activities against human cancer cell lines (A2780 and OVCAR-3).Compounds 2-4 are isolated from this genus plants for the first time.The possible structure-activity relationship among compounds 1-4 shows that the methoxy group or oxyethyl moiety might be responsible for the cytotoxity.

[Objective]To evaluate the inhibiting affection of Ad-BMP-7 to osteoporosis of ovariectomized rats.[Method]Mice model of osteoporosis was made by surgical ovariectomy,and divided into 4 groups:A.group of vertebral body intramedullary injection of normal saline;B.injection of Adovirus(Ad)-GFp;C.injection of Ad;D.injection of Ad+BMP(bone morphogenetic protein),the bone losing of whole body were monitored by measuring dry bone weight after 1 month,the osteoporosic condition of bone trabecular were observed by histology,and bone histomorphometry of vertebral bodies were carried to quatitatively measure the dynamic and static indexes of osteoporosic bone.[Result]The dry bone weight of AdBMP-7 rats werehigher than that of other groups.Under the microscope,the bone trabecula form of the Ad BMP-7 groups were more integrity,however,the bone trabecular of the other groups showed sharpen and ruptured.In the bone histomorphomitry,the numbers of the osteoblasts,the thickness of osteoid of group D were obviously higher than other groups.[Conclusion]Ad BMP-7 injected into the vertebral bodies of ovariectomized rats may secrete BMP-7,and inhibits the osteoporosis of ovariectomized rats in the early stage.The protective effect of this gene was not restricted to bones receiving intramedullary injection of the vector,but occurred in all bones that were evaluated.This proof of concept encourages further development of gene therapy approaches to the treatment of osteoporosis.

Objective To make clear glial acidic protein and excitatory amino acid levels in the early expression of neonatal brain injury and the mechanism of brain injury,and the value of early diagnosis and prediction of serum glial fiber acidic protein and excitatory amino acid in neonatal cerebral palsy.Methods This study chose high-risk infants with cerebral palsy as the research object,the concentration of excitatory amino acid and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay were detected by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography,followed up for 12 months,the occurrence of cerebral palsy was analyzed statistically.Results Compared with the normal group of glial fibrillary acidic protein,glutamic acid and aspartic acid levels,three indexes of children with cerebral palsy were higher than normal group(glial fibrillary acidic protein:(119.46±43.68),(119.46±43.68),(62.57±35.31),(134.02±32.79) ng/L;glutamic acid:(7.52±3.94),(6.49±2.88),(8.15 ±2.03),(1.72±0.59) μmol/L;aspartic acid:(3.81±1.09),(4.23±1.91),(3.67±2.14),(1.35±0.71) μmol/L;F=4.117,4.117,4.117;P<0.05).Glial fibrillary acidic protein,glutamic acid and aspartic acid levels in the high-risk group,the perinatal high-risk group and the pre birth high-risk group had no significant difference (P>0.05).The levels of serum glial fiber acidic protein,glutamic acid and aspartate in children with cerebral palsy were higher than those in the normal group,comparison between spastic group,athetotic group and mixed group(F=5.032,6.004,3.792),there was no significant difference in the levels of glial acidic protein,glutamic acid and aspartate(P>0.05).Conclusion The concentration of excitatory amino acids and acidic protein in the serum of the patients with high risk of cerebral palsy has some value,the concentration of serum excitatory amino acid and the concentration of glial fiber acidic protein are correlated with the degree of brain injury and the time in children with cerebral palsy.