OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effect and safety of blood activating stasis removing method (BASRM) on intracerebral hemorrhage patients.

METHODSA multi-center, prospective, randomized, open, controlled and blinded endpoint design was adopted. Totally 228 intracerebral hemorrhage patients were assigned to the treatment group and the control group, 114 in each group by center randomized method. All patients received basic treatment of Western internal medicine. Patients in the treatment group received intravenous infusion with Xingnaojing Injection (XI) from the 1st day of grouping, 20 mL per day for 14 days. Then they took or were nasally fed with Chinese medical granules (by syndrome typing as complicated with wind syndrome, fire syndrome, and phlegm syndrome) for 21 days. Finally they took Naoxueshu Oral Liquid (NOL), 10 mL each time, 3 times per day till the 3rd month of incidence. Patients' disability degree, activities of daily living, neurological impairment, the effective rate, physiologic functions, mental status, social relationship, and degree of treatment satisfaction were assessed using Modified Rankin Scale (MRS), Barthel index (BI), National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and patient reported outcome (PRO). Head CT was performed to evaluate the absorption of hematoma at the 1st and 7th day of grouping. The safety was also assessed.

RESULTSTotally 108 patients in the treatment group and 112 patients in the control group completed the trial. There was no statistical difference in the total effective rate between the two groups after 3 months of treatment (P>0.05). The MRS score was obviously lower in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.01) at month 3 after attack (P<0.01). There was statistical difference in the difference between pre-post hematoma volume between the two groups after 7-day treatment (P<0.05). The NIHSS score of two groups at the 7th, 14th, 21st day, and 3rd month decreased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the decremenit of NIHSS score decreased more obviously in the treatment group at day 7, 21, and 3rd month (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the BI increased (P<0.01); physiologic fupctions, social relationship, treatment satisfaction and total score in PRO scale were all lower in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The incidence of adverse events occurred in 7 cases (6.14%) in the treatment group and 5 cases (4.39%) in the control group, with no statistical difference (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONBASRM could lower the deformity rate of intracerebral hemorrhage patients at month 3, effectively promote hematoma absorption within 7 days, improve neurologic impairment, and elevate living abilities at month 3 of onset.

Activities of Daily Living ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; therapy ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Syndrome

OBJECTIVETo introduce practical diagnostic criterion of blood stasis syndrome (BSS), and to evaluate its reliability and validity.

METHODSBy referring to three diagnostic criteria of BSS [practical diagnostic criterion of BSS (criterion A), diagnostic criterion of BSS in 1986 (criterion B), Consensus of Integrative Medicine on BSS Diagnosis in 2011 (criterion C)], 712 patients from different departments of Xiyuan Hospital were recruited. The reliability of criterion A and its consistency with the other two criteria were assessed using Kappa coefficient. A Bayesian approach was also employed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of criterion A.

RESULTSAccording to the consistency check, criterion A presented good consistency when used by different researchers (the diagnostic accordance rate was 91. 96%, Kappa =0. 82, P <0.001). Meanwhile, there was an acceptable diagnostic consistency among the three diagnostic criteria. Bayesian estimation suggested that criterion A had higher sensitivity but similar specificity, as compared with criterion B or criterion C. Compared with criterion B [the median of sensitivity and specificity were 0. 762 (95% Cl: 0. 731 -0. 790) and 0. 902 (95% Cl: 0. 858 -0. 936) respectively, the median of sensitivity and specificity of criterion A were 0. 911 (95% CI: 0. 888 - 0. 930) and 0. 875 (95% CI: 0. 826 - 0. 915) respectively. Estimating the difference between criterion A and B, the median of sensitivity and specificity were 0. 149 (95% CI: 0. 112 -0.184) and -0. 026 (95% CI:-0. 085 -0. 033) respectively. Compared with criterion C [the median of sensitivity and specificity were 0. 831 (95% Cl: 0. 804 -0. 857) and 0. 892 (95% CI: 0. 848 - 0. 926) respectively], the median of sensitivity and specificity of criterion A were 0. 912 (95% CI: 0. 889 -0. 932) and 0. 880 (95%CI: 0. 833 - 0.919) respectively. Estimating the difference between criterion A and C, the median of sensitivity and specificity were 0. 081 (95% CI: 0.047 - 0.114) and -0.011 (95%CI: -0.070 -0.046) respectively.

CONCLUSIONCompared with criterion B and C, criterion A not only had better reliability, but also could significantly improve the sensitivity without obviously lowering the specificity.

Bayes Theorem ; Consensus ; Hematologic Diseases ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity

AIMTo investigate the effect of morphine on fetal movement, heart rate, hatch weight, hatch days and hatch rate.

METHODSMorphine was injected into airspace of eggs and fetal movement, heart rate, hatch weight, hatch days and hatch rates were recorded.

RESULTSHatch days were shorter, hatch rates were lower and some chicks became motor disorder for morphine. Chicks with morphine exposure 20 mg/kg from E 12 to E 16 had highest hatch rate and lowest disable rate. Morphine reduced fetal movement, increased heart rate (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe development of chick embryo is impaired by morphine exposure and the magnitude of these effects depends on the drug dose and the length of time that the developing organism is exposed to morphine.

Animals ; Chick Embryo ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Chickens ; growth & development ; Morphine ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo characterize the prevalence of influenza B virus infection in infants and young children in Beijing.

METHODSMDCK cell culture, indirect fluorescence assay (IFA) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay were used to isolate and identify type B influenza viruses from clinical samples collected from outpatients and inpatients who visited the Affiliated Children's Hospital because of acute respiratory infections from Nov. 2000 to Jun. 2006.

RESULTSOut of 10,770 clinical samples collected during this surveillance period, 384 (3.57%, 384/10,770) were positive for influenza B viruses. Circulation of influenza B viruses was revealed in the later epidemic season of influenza viruses each year. The detection rate for influenza B virus was higher than 10% each year during the survey, except in the period from 2003--2004 which was 2.91%. The highest detecting rate was 23.69% of the specimens collected in Mar. 2006. During the period of this study, most of the influenza B virus were identified from children who visited the outpatient department of the Affiliated Children's Hospital. Among those outpatients who were positive for influenza B, 77.6% (264/340) were older than 3 years of age, whereas the inpatients positive for influenza B, 66.0% (29/44) were under 3 years of age. Coinfection of influenza B virus with other respiratory viruses was not common, only one of the influenza B virus positive specimen was found also positive for influenza A3. There was no significant difference in positive rate between influenza virus B and A3. A significantly higher positive rate of influenza B virus than that of influenza A3 virus was seen from Sep. 2005 to May 2006 (23.9% vs 1.1%). B/Yamagata/16/168 lineage viruses were dominant during 2000--2002, and B/Victoria/2/87 lineage viruses became dominant during 2002--2003. After 2003, co-circulation of Victoria and Yamagata lineages of influenza B viruses was identified with predominance of Yamagata lineage viruses, while Victoria lineage viruses predominated during the 2005--2006 epidemic season.

CONCLUSIONInfluenza B viruses were identified from February to May in every influenza season during this surveillance period of 2000--2006. Most of the positive specimens were those collected from outpatient department. Victoria and Yamagata lineages of influenza B viruses co-circulated in Beijing, China in recent years.

Adolescent ; Age Distribution ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Influenza B virus ; classification ; isolation & purification ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; virology ; Male ; Prevalence

OBJECTIVETo evaluate chest radiographic findings of children with 2009 influenza (H1N1) virus infection.

METHODData of 235 patients who had microbiologically confirmed H1N1 infection and available chest radiograph obtained between May 1(st) 2009 and Jan. 31(st) 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. The final study group was divided on the basis of clinical course [group 1 mild, outpatients without hospitalization (n = 172); group 2 moderate, inpatients with brief hospitalization (n = 49); group 3 severe, ICU admission (n = 14)]. Four pediatric radiologists reviewed all the chest radiographs of lung parenchyma, airway, pleural abnormalities and also anatomic distribution of the disease.

RESULTNo significant sex or age differences were found among the study groups (P > 0.05). The mean interval between the onset of clinical symptom and the initial chest radiography was (5.91 ± 1.64) days (group 1), (3.60 ± 1.43) days (group 2) and (1.21 ± 0.41) days (group 3), respectively. The differences among the three groups were significant statistically (χ(2) = 13.368, P < 0.01). The ratio of abnormality presented at initial chest X-ray was 79.7% in group 1, 91.8% in group 2 and 100% in group 3. Radiographically, there were prominent peribronchial markings (group 1, 55.2%; group 2, 83.7%; and group 3, 78.6%), consolidation (group 1, 34.3%; group 2, 69.4%; and group 3, 100.0%), hyperinflation (group 1, 22.1%; group 2, 44.9%; and group 3, 50.0%) and ground glass opacity (group 1, 0.6%; group 2, 2.0%; and group 3, 14.3%) in the chest radiographs. The differences of presenting were statistically significant (P < 0.01). In the severe group, the lesions distributed diffusely and asymmetrically with multi-lobe involvements.

CONCLUSIONIn children with 2009 influenza A H1N1 viral infection, the interval between the onset of clinical symptom and initial chest radiography, the ratio of abnormality presented at initial chest X-ray film and the severity of chest film are parallel to their clinical situation.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; Influenza, Human ; diagnostic imaging ; virology ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo characterize the specific monoclonal antibodies to Aspergillus conidia.

METHODSFlow cytometry was used to examine the reactivity of the specific monoclonal antibodies to Aspergillus conidia.

RESULTSBoth the monoclonal antibodies MA3 and Con2 showed specific reactivity to Aspergillus conidia suspensions. MA3 was capable of binding to the conidia of A.fumigatus, A.flavus, A.niger and A.terreus, while Con2 was reactive only to the conidia of A.fumigatus.

CONCLUSIONTwo specific monoclonal antibodies (MA3 and Con2) to Aspergillus conidia have been obtained.

Antibodies, Fungal ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Antibody Specificity ; Aspergillus ; immunology ; Flow Cytometry ; Spores, Fungal ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo characterize the prevalence and antigenic drift of influenza A viruses isolated during the period from 2001 to 2005 in infants and young children in Beijing.

METHODSMDCK cell culture, indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay were used to isolate and identify type A influenza viruses (H1N1 and H3N2) from clinical samples collected from outpatients and inpatients who visited the Affiliated Children's Hospital because of acute respiratory infections from Oct. 2001 to Aug. 2005. The HA1 regions of hemagglutinin gene of H3N2 isolates were amplified by using RT-PCR followed by sequencing.

RESULTSOut of 7338 clinical samples collected during this surveillance period, 347 (4.7%) were positive for influenza A viruses, including 48 (13.8%) of H1N1, 273 (78.7%) of H3N2 and 26 (7.5%) of subtype-unidentified influenza A viruses. Although there was a prevalence season of influenza A from October each year to April of next year during the 2001-2004 period, it was worth noting that a consecutive influenza A activity was detected from Aug. 2004 to Aug. 2005, when some influenza A viruses were detected even in summer. The positive rate of H3N2 was 14.2% in August, 2005, which was equal to that of the peak season of 2003-2004. H3N2 were predominant in most of the influenza seasons during the surveillance period, and H1N1 was detected only in the influenza seasons of the 2001-2002 and 2004-2005 along with H3N2. The positive rates for both H3N2 and H1N1 were higher in specimens from outpatients than those from inpatients. A total of 46.6% (110/236) of the H3N2 were detected from children younger than 2 years of age, and 14.0% (33/236) were from children older than 5 years, whereas, more H1N1 was found in children older than 5 years (48.0%, 12/31) than in those younger than 2 years (6.5%, 2/31) during a period from Nov. 2003 to Aug. 2005. Sequence analysis of the HA1 regions of hemagglutinin of H3N2 isolated in a series of years revealed amino acid changes in the HA1 domain of H3N2 isolates in the antigenic sites (A-E) each year.

CONCLUSIONH3N2 and H1N1 prevailed in each influenza season during the surveillance period in Beijing, and H3N2 strains were predominant. The data from all-year around surveillance of influenza in Beijing indicate that continuous surveillance throughout a year and use of both antigenic and molecular analysis will be more helpful for early identification of any antigenic variants as well as prevention and control of influenza by promoting development of vaccines.

Age Factors ; Animals ; Antigenic Variation ; genetics ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Dogs ; Female ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ; genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; isolation & purification ; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ; isolation & purification ; Influenza A virus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Influenza, Human ; virology ; Inpatients ; Male ; Outpatients ; Prevalence ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; virology ; Retrospective Studies ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Time Factors

Objective To develop an arm support used for bilateral puncture during trans-radial coronary intervention (TRI) and to explore its effects. Methods The arm support used for bilateral radial artery puncture was designed and developed. Totally 100 patients who received TRI in the Cardiac Catheterization Room of Peking Union Medical College Hospital between May and June 2017 were selected and equally divided into an observation group and a control group according to the random number table. Patients in the observation group were served with the new arm support to reveal the points for radial artery puncture, while patients in the control group used the conventional wooden arm support. The effect of puncture was compared between the patients in the two groups. Results The time used for preparation before radial artery puncture was (1.58±0.56) min and the time need for puncturing and placing sheathing canal in the radial artery was (3.51±0.44) min in the patients in the observation group, both shorter than those of the patients in the control group (t=9.511, 8.740; P<0.05). Totally 96% of the patients felt comfortable with the new arm support, and the operation experience satisfaction in 80% of the doctors was excellent, both higher than those of the patients in the control group. Conclusions The performance of this new arm support for bilateral radial artery puncture is stable and reliable. Compared with conventional methods, the time used for preparation before radial artery puncture is shortened for nurses, and the time needed for puncturing and placing sheathing canal in the radial artery is shortened for doctors. The patients feel more comfortable when using this new arm support, and the doctors have a higher experience satisfaction. The new arm support is convenient and flexible for use, and may be used and promoted in cardiac catheterization rooms.

Objective To explore the effects of dietary intervention before selective coronary intervention on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to provide reference and basis for building a feasible and practical preoperative dietary management system. Methods Totally 300 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received coronary intervention in the Cardiac Catheterization Room of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from December 2016 to December 2017 were selected by convenient sampling and divided into the control group (n=150) and the observation group (n=150) according to the random number table. Patients in the control group were fasted for solids and liquids for 4 hours before coronary intervention, while patients in the observation group received foods and drinks for diabetic patients rather than being fasted for solids and liquids as well as individualized dietary guidance from dieticians, specialized diabetes nurses and intervention nurses jointly. The incidence rate of perioperative hypoglycemia. hunger, thirst, anxiety score before and after the intervention, comfort of dietary management were evaluated between the two groups. Results The control group scored higher in hunger, thirst and anxiety than the observation group (P＜0.05);the comfort of dietary management was higher in the observation group than in the control group (P＜ 0.05);the incidence rate of perioperative asymptomatic hypoglycemia in the observation group was 2.0%, while that in the control group was 20.6%;the incidence rate of perioperative symptomatic hypoglycemia in the observation group was 0, while that in the control group was 1.3%. Conclusions Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus should not be fasted for solids and liquids as conventionally did before selective coronary intervention. Rather, a scientific preoperative dietary management model can prevent the incidence of perioperative hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, enhancing the comfort and safety of operation during the perioperative period.

Objective:To compare magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based and computed tomography (CT)-based target volume delineation and dose coverage in partial breast irradiation (PBI) for patients with breast cancer, aiming to explore the application value of MRI localization in PBI after breast-conserving surgery.Methods:Twenty-nine patients with early breast cancer underwent simulating CT and MRI scans in a supine position. The cavity visualization score (CVS) of tumor bed (TB) was evaluated. The TB, clinical target volume (CTV), planning target volume (PTV) were delineated on CT and MRI images, and then statistically compared. Conformity indices (CI) between CT- and MRI-defined target volumes were calculated. PBI treatment plan of 40 Gy in 10 fractions was designed based on PTV-CT, and the dose coverage for PTV-MRI was evaluated.Results:The CVS on CT and MRI images was 2.97±1.40 vs. 3.10±1.40( P=0.408). The volumes of TB, CTV, PTV on MRI were significantly larger than those on CT, (24.48±16.60) cm 3vs. (38.00±19.77) cm 3, (126.76±56.81) cm 3vs. (168.42±70.54) cm 3, (216.63±81.99) cm 3vs. (279.24±101.55) cm 3, respectively, whereas the increasing percentage of CTV and PTV were significantly smaller than those of TB. The CI between CT-based and MRI-based TB, CTV, PTV were 0.43±0.13, 0.66±0.11, 0.70±0.09( P<0.001), respectively. The median percentage of PTV-MRI receiving 40 Gy dose was 81.9%(62.3% to 92.4%), significantly lower than 95.6%(95.0%~97.5%) of PTV-CT. Conclusions:The CVS between CT and MRI is not significantly different, but the MRI-based TB, CTV, PTV are significantly larger than CT-based values. The PTV-MRI is of underdose if PBI treatment plan is designed for PTV-CT. As a supplement of CT scan, MRI can enhance the accuracy of TB delineation after breast-onserving surgery.