Environment ; Female ; Humans ; Immunity ; immunology ; Male ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; immunology ; Prognosis

Objective To study the effect of rapamycin on the balance of T helper cell subsets in rats with pulmonary fibrosis. Methods Fifteen male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control group, model group and rapamycin group, with 5 rats in each group. Pulmonary fibrosis model was reproduced by using the method of intratracheal instillation of bleomycin (5 mg/kg). Control group was treated by intratracheal instillation of saline (1.25 mL/kg) to obtain the negative control. The rats of the rapamycin group were given rapamycin (1 mg·kg-1·d-1) by gastric perfusion for consecutive 10 days beginning on the 3rd day after intratracheal instillation of bleomycin. On the 28th day all rats were sacrificed, and the peripheral blood and the lung tissues were harvested. The lung tissue was observed. And the severity of pulmonary fibrosis in rats was assessed by Ashcroft score. The lung tissues were performed using immunohistochemical staining to detect the expression ofγ-interferon (IFN-γ) and interleukins (IL-4, IL-17). Flow cytometry was used to detect the percentages of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells. Results The severity of pulmonary fibrosis was improved in rats of rapamycin group compared with that of model group, and the Ashcroft score was decreased (2.92±0.64 vs. 5.76±1.76, F = 16.276, P = 0.080). The expression levels of IL-4 and IL-17 (A value) in model group were the highest (4 789.0±1 014.6, 19 139.0±2 433.3), followed by those of the rapamycin group (3 547.0±953.8, 10 380.0±2 352.4), and the least was found in the control group (1 627.0±914.8, 4 419.0±923.6). The expression levels of IFN-γ (A value) in control group were the highest (9 956.0±1 172.6), followed by those of the rapamycin group (7 487.0±998.4), and the least was found in the model group (6 054.0±1 045.2). There were significantly differences in above parameters among three groups (all P<0.01). Compared with the control group and model group, the percentages of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells in CD4+CD25+, CD4+cells, and lymphocytes were significantly increased in rapamycin group [(57.36±8.84)% vs. (41.28±5.91)%, (34.52±4.56)%; (4.77±0.48)% vs. (3.15±0.37)%, (3.14±0.28)%;(1.97±0.22)%vs. (1.24±0.17)%, (1.44±0.21)%, all P<0.05], and the percentages of CD8+CD25+Foxp3+T cells in CD8+CD25+, CD8+cells, and lymphocytes were also significantly increased in rapamycin group [(73.92±7.69)% vs. (33.44±4.46)%, (49.14±11.38)%; (1.73±1.05)% vs. (0.46±0.15)%, (0.71±0.42)%;(0.31±0.20)% vs. (0.09±0.04)%, (0.14±0.09)%, all P < 0.05]. The percentage of CD8+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells in CD8+CD25+in model group was significantly higher than that in control group [(49.14±11.38)% vs. (33.44±4.46)%, P < 0.05]. Conclusions T helper cell subsets are imbalanced in pulmonary fibrosis rats. Rapamycin can prevent bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and its antifibrotic effect maybe the promotion of proliferation and function of regulatory T cells and imbalance regulation of T helper cell subsets.

Objective To investigate the test-retest reliability of Muscle Evaluation and Treatment System on healthy adults. Methods 30 healthy adults participated in this study and were tested by Muscle Evaluation and Treatment System, designed by University of Shang-hai for Science and Thechnology and Rehabilitation Department of Huashan Hospital, on muscle strength of both sides' flexor carpi mus-cles, musculus flexor digitorum sublimis, flexor digitorum profundus, extensor digitorum muscle, extensor carpi muscles. Peak torque, peak torque per weight, largest single work, largest single work per weight, average torque, average power were the main parameters. Each partici-pant was tested 2 times, and the interval was 7 days. Results Almost perfect test-retest reliability of peak torque was performed on flexor car-pi muscles, musculus flexor digitorum sublimis, flexor digitorum profundus, and extensor carpi muscles. Moderate to excellent test-retest re-liability of average power were performed on extensor digitorum muscle. Conclusion Good test-retest reliability of Muscle Evaluation and Treatment System is proved in the study.

Object To compare the contents of alkaloids of callus at different period with tissue culture of fresh bulbs of Fritillaria mellea S. Y. Tang et S. C. Yueh.Methods To study the best condition of induction frequency of callus about some phytohormones, temperature and light, and then to determine the contents of alkaloids of callus in F. mellea. Results The best condition of induction frequency of callus above was NAA 1 mg/L+ 6BA 3 mg/L; temperature at (22?1) ℃ and scattered light; the contents of alkaloids were kept highest in about 20th day ofter the callus appeared.Conclusion The contents of alkaloids of callus are kept higher level than fresh bulbs of F. mellea.

Objective To explore the effect of rapamycin on pulmonary fibrosis in rats and its mechanism.Methods Pulmonary fibrosis model was induced by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin (5mg/kg).Control group was treated by intratracheal instillation of saline (1.25 ml/kg) to obtain the negative control.The rats of the rapamycin-treated group were given rapamycin (1 mg/kg per day) by gastric perfusion for consecutive 10 days beginning on the third day after intratracheal instillation of bleomycin.On the 28th day,all rats were sacrificed and the peripheral blood and the lung tissues were harvested.Lung tissues were performed hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining.The severity of pulmonary fibrosis in rats was assessed by Ashcroft score.Lung tissues were performed immunohistochemical staining to detect the expression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta).The expression level was judged by integrated optical density.Results The severity of pulmonary fibrosis was improved in rats of rapamycin-treated group compared with the rats of bleomycin-treated group.A significant difference in Ashcroft score was found between rapamycin-treated group and bleomycin-treated group(2.92 ± 0.64 vs 5.76 ± 1.76,P ＜ 0.01).The expression level of TGF-β was increased in rapamycin-treated group compared with the normal control group (5520.00 ± 1614.20 vs 3370.00 ± 1478.14,P ＜0.01).The expression level of TGF-β was decreased in rapamycin-treated group compared with the bleomycin-treated group (5520.00 ± 1614.20 vs 7772.00 ±1526.46 P ＜0.01).Conclusions Rapamycin can prevent bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Objective To explore the optimal dose-effect relationship of gene transfer according to the expression of pEGFP in tumor cells under different parameters mediated by microbubble contrast agent and ultrasound in vivo.Methods C57BL/6J mice were inoculated subcutaneously in the middle of the right flank with hepal-6 tumor cells.The mixture of SonoVue and enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP)plasmid was injected into the tail vein of each mouse, groups were randomly established according to different output intensity( 1 W/cm2, 2 W/cm2, 3 W/cm2 ), exposure time ( 1 min, 5 min, 10 min) and volume of SonoVue(30 μl,60 μl,90 μl), the expression of EGFP in tumor cells under different parameter was examined by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy.Results The expression of pEGFP in tumor cells was significantly higher with the increase of exposure time,output intensity and volume of SonoVue (1 min vs 5 min, P＜0.05; 1 W/cm2 vs 2 W/cm2, P＜0.05 ; 30/μl vs 60 μl, P＜0.05).However, the transfection efficiency of EGFP can not be enhanced continuously with the increasing exposure time,output intensity and volume of SonoVue (5 min vs 10 min, P＞0.05; 2 W/cm2 vs 3 W/cm2, P＞0.05; 60 μl vs 90 μl, P＞0.05).The highest transfection effieieney was achieved under intensities was 2 W/cm2 [(21.02±1.45)%]with 5 min[(23.22±1.91)%] exposed to ultrasound, and 60 /μl SonoVue [ (21.02±1.45) % ].Conclusions Gene transfeetion efficiency changded with the difference parameters.2 W/cm2,5 min and 60 μl SonoVue led to the optimum dose-effect relationship of gene transfer in vivo .

Objective:To investigate the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) on the proliferation of gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells(GMSCs) in vitro.Methods:GMSCs were isolated from healthy gingival tissue samples and identified.GMSCs of passage 4 were treated by bFGF at 0,0.5,1,5,10,20 ng/ml respectively for 1-9 d.The proliferation of the cells was evaluated using CCK-8 kit.Results:bFGF at 0.5-20 ng/ml increased GMSCs proliferation.0.5-10 ng/ml of bFGF showed dose and time dependant proliferation promoting effect on GMSCs.Conclusion:bFGF can increase GMSCs proliferation ability in a dose and time dependant manner.

A new kind of curcin (curcin 2), induced by several kinds of stresses from Jatropha curcas leaves, under the control of the 35S CaMV (cauliflower mosaic virus) promoter, was introduced into tobacco genome by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation method. Curcin 2 protein was only detected in the transgenic tobacco plants transformed with the cur2p fragment (coding premature curcin 2 protein), but not in the plants transformed with cur2m fragment (coding mature curcin 2 protein). The transgenic lines expressing curcin 2 showed increased tolerance to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV).

Animals ; Hypoxia ; classification ; metabolism ; Male ; Oxygen Consumption ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To discuss the pulmonary function change in infants with human bocavirus (HBoV) pneumonia or mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) and its clinical signiifcance. Methods One hundred and forty infants under 3 years old who were admitted due to pulmonary infection were recruited from January, 2013 to October, 2013. Among them, HBoV-DNA was detected in 64 cases, and MP-DNA was detected in 76 cases. Thirty eight normal age-matched infants were selected as controls. The shape of tidal breathing lfow-volume loops (TBFVLs) and change of every index were measured with a Pulmonary Testing System (Jaeger MasterScope). Results The ratio of time to peak tidal expiratory lfow (PTEF) to total expiratory time (TPTEF/TE), the ratio of VPTEF to expiratory volume (VPTEF/VE), tidal expiratory lfow at 25%of the remaining tidal volume (TEF25%) and the ratio of TEF25%to PTEF (25/PF) were signiifcantly decreased in infants with HBoV and MP infection as compared with healthy infants (P<0.05). However, there was no signiifcant difference of the above indices between infants with HBoV and MP infection (P>0.05). The shape of TBFVLs in infants with HBoV and MP pneumonia was changed and characterized by left-shifted PTEF and trough-like concave in descending limb. The PTEF was decreased in infants with pulmonary infection. Conclusions HBoV or MP infection results in impaired pulmonary function with manifestations of obstruction in small airway. The shape of TBFVLs in infants with HBoV and MP pneumonia is characterized by left-shifted PTEF and trough-like concave in descending limb.