Humans ; Consensus ; Hypersensitivity ; Desensitization, Immunologic/adverse effects* ; Immunotherapy/adverse effects* ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Allergens

The aim of the present study was to observe the expression of pyroptosis- and inflammation-related proteins in the hippocampus of mice with insulin resistance (IR) after aerobic exercise, and to explore the possible mechanism of exercise to improve IR. C57BL/6J male mice of 6 weeks old were randomly fed with normal diet (n = 12) and high-fat diet (HFD) (n = 26) for 12 weeks respectively. Glucose tolerance test (GTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were performed to determine whether IR occurred in HFD mice. Then the mice were randomly divided into control group (n = 12), IR group (n = 10) and IR + aerobic exercise group (AE, n = 10). Mice in AE group performed a 12-week progressive speed treadmill training after being adapted to the treadmill for one week. After the intervention, the expression of pyroptosis- and inflammation-related proteins in hippocampus was detected by Western blot. The results showed that compared with control group, NFκB, Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing CARD (ASC), pyroptosis-related proteins like pro-Caspase-1, gasdermin D (GSDMD), GSDMD-N, and inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-18 were significantly increased. The inflammasome-related protein NIMA-related kinase 7 (NEK7) and pyroptosis-related protein Caspase-1 showed an increasing trend, but there was no significant difference. Compared with the IR group, progressive speed treadmill training significantly reduced the expression of NFκB, NLRP3, NEK7, ASC, pro-Caspase-1, GSDMD, GSDMD-N, IL-1β, and IL-18 in the hippocampus of mice with IR. These results suggested 12-week progressive speed treadmill training can significantly reduce the expression of pyroptosis-related proteins and inflammatory factors in the hippocampus of mice with IR, and inhibit pyroptosis.
Animals ; Caspase 1 ; Gene Expression ; Hippocampus ; Inflammasomes ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; NIMA-Related Kinases ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Pyroptosis

To provide evidence for Campylobacter jejuni (C.jejuni) vaccine research,the B cell epitope of AhpC protein were predicted,and the antigenicity was analyzed.AhpC was found locating in outer membrane of C.jejuni without transmem brane structure and no signal peptide by bioinformatics software TMHMM Server V2.0,SignalP 4.1.There were seven B-cell linear epitopes in AhpC predicted by IEDB.Then,the AhpC protein and chemically synthesized antigenic epitopes of C.jejuni were used as antigens,and the AhpC antibody of C.jejuni was used as the primary antibody,the antigens of predominant linear B cell epitopes were detected by ELISA and dot blot.Results showed that one epitope of B cell epitopes (AhpC4-16) was able to recognize the antibodies of C.jejuni AhpC and had strong antigenicity,indicating that could be used in the follow-up vaccine research.

Objective To investigate the employers' and employees' satisfaction of Zhejiang Province on occupation health examination and diagnosis of occupational diseases, and to guide and to standardize the occupation health examination and occupational disease diagnosis. Methods A random sample of 953 employers, 1791 workers with health examination and 135 workers with diagnosis of occupational diseases were selected in the survey, and the questionnaire about the Satisfuction on occupation health examination and occupation disease diagnosis were used in this survey. Results A total of 2879 questionnaires were sent out, in which 2841 valid questionnaires were returned, and the effective recovery rate was 98.68%. The recognition rates on comfortable environment, clear instructions process, workflow notification, and attention notification were all above 98%. The satisfaction rates for all items were above 86%, and the total satisfaction rate was 89.27% . The total satisfaction rates of workers with health examination, workers with diagnosis of occupational diseases and employers were 89.28%, 82.03%, and 90.22%, respectively. The recognition rates on clear instructions process and attention notification, and the satisfaction rates on service attitude, result information and overall satisfaction were significantly different between different types of respondents (P<0.05) . The results of pair wise comparison showed that the satisfaction rates of workers with diseases diagnosis on service attitude, results information and overall satisfaction were significantly lower than those of employers (P<0.05) . The overall satisfaction rate of workers with diagnosis of occupational diseases was lower than that of workers with health examination (P=0.011) . The recognition rates of workers with health examination on clear instructions process and attentions notification were lower than those of employers (P<0.016) . There was a significant difference in the overall satisfaction between respondents in different regions (P<0.01) . Conclusion The service of occupational health examination and occupational disease diagnosis services should be further improved. We should better learn the demands of employees and employers, improve service attitude, optimize service processes, shorten service time, and improve service quality and satisfaction.

Objective The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of hexavalent chromium exposure on mRNA expression of cell cycle related genes in electroplating workers, and to provide population data for investigating the toxic mechanisms of hexavalent chromium. Methods A total of 155 cases of workers occupationally exposed to hexavalent chromium were selected, including 89 males and 66 females, and the average age of workers was 39.65±8.856 years old. Questionnaire was used to collect essential information of workers. Peripheral blood was collected from electroplating workers. The inductively couple plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MAS) was used to measure total blood chromium content. The workers were divided into four groups according to the blood chromium content. After extracting total RNA from whole blood and reverse transcription, the mRNA expression levels of p16 and CDK6 genes were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Meanwhile, the levels of blood chromium (BCr) and the mRNA expression of p16 and CDK6 genes were compared among four groups. The impact of BCr, smoking habits, drinking habits, gender on the mRNA expression of CDK6 gene was analyzed. Results The levels of BCr in group 1 to 4 were 0.04ppb, 0.47±0.29 ppb, 2.76±1.16 ppb, 9.36 ±4.38 ppb, respectively, and the difference between every two groups was significant (P<0.05) . The median of p16 gene expression in four groups was 4.22, 7.19, 7.47, and 14.60, respectively, and the difference between every two groups was not significant (P>0.05) . The mRNA expression levels of CDK6 gene in groups 2 to 4 were 15.05, 8.03 and 24.81, respectively, which were significantly higher than that in group 1 (P<0.05) . The results of logistic regression showed that the level of Bcr was the main influence factor, while smoking habits, drinking habits and gender had no obvious impact on the mRNA expression of CDK6 gene. Conclusions Long-term exposure of hexavalent chromium led to higher mRNA expression of CDK6 gene, and it may serve as a biomarker for workers occupationally exposed to hexavalent chromium.

Objective To describe the effects of China diabetes educator training and explore the influencing factors.Methods Totally 314 diabetes educators who graduated from Johnson & Johnson Diabetes Institute(JJDI) from 2007 to 2014 were recruited and investigated via self-designed evaluation form.Results The total score was 76.64±22.24.The top three items with highest scores were performing nurses training (93.36±62.81),form of health education (84.27±23.09) and working responsibility and procedure of diabetes educator (82.07±32.43).The items scored lower than 60 were regular follow-up system(56.16±31.74),publishing health education papers(38.47±47.75) and conducting related researches (26.11±44.00).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that educators who had longer time of working in diabetes department(t=3.515,P=0.001) and whose post were educators(t=3.404,P=0.001) and who were not first line practitioners (t=-2.589,P=0.001) had higher scores.Conclusion The educators' main work in China is focusing on regular health education.Follow-up management and research renovation capacity should be enhanced in the future for educators.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Yanhuning in the treatment of children ’ s hand -foot -and -mouth disease ( HFMD).Methods One hundred cases with HFMD were ran-domly divided into treatment group ( n=50) and control group (n=50). Patients in the treatment group were given 5-10 mg · kg-1 · d-1 Yanhu-ning +glucose injection 50-100 mL, once a day.Patients in control group were received 10 -15 mg · kg-1 · d -1 ribavirin +glucose injection 100 mL, twice a day.The course of treatment was 7 days for two group.After treatment, the clinical efficacy , clinical symptoms subside time ( herpes disappearance time , temperature returned to normal time, cure time) , alanine aminotransferase ( ALT) , blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr)at different times (before treatment, after 24, 48 , 72 h ) and adverse drug reactions in two groups were compared.Results After treatment, the total efficiency of treatment group and control group were 96.00% and 84.00%, respectively , showing the better therapeutic effect of the treatment group than the control group.Herpes disappearance time , temperature returned to normal time , healing time of treatment group were shorter than those of control group , there was a significant difference (P<0.05).After treatment 24, 48, 72 h, the ALT, BUN, Cr of treatment group were lower than those of control group , more closer to normal ( P<0.05 ).The incidence of adverse reactions in treatment group and the control group was 12.00%and 16.00%, there was no significant difference ( P>0.05 ).Conclusion The Yanhuning for the treatment of HFMD of children had a good effect , and it can shorten the time of clinical symp-toms and hospitalization time.It can effectively reduce the content of ALT , BUN, Cr and have good effect.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the labial and lingual alveolar bone thickness in adults with maxillary central incisors of different inclination by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS: Ninety maxillary central incisors from 45 patients were divided into three groups based on the maxillary central incisors to palatal plane angle; lingual-inclined, normal, and labial-inclined. Reformatted CBCT images were used to measure the labial and lingual alveolar bone thickness (ABT) at intervals corresponding to every 1/10 of the root length. The sum of labial ABT and lingual ABT at the level of the root apex was used to calculate the total ABT (TABT). The number of teeth exhibiting alveolar fenestration and dehiscence in each group was also tallied. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's honestly significant difference test were applied for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The labial ABT and TABT values at the root apex in the lingual-inclined group were significantly lower than in the other groups (p < 0.05). Lingual and labial ABT values were very low at the cervical level in the lingual-inclined and normal groups. There was a higher prevalence of alveolar fenestration in the lingual-inclined group. CONCLUSIONS: Lingual-inclined maxillary central incisors have less bone support at the level of the root apex and a greater frequency of alveolar bone defects than normal maxillary central incisors. The bone plate at the marginal level is also very thin.
Adult ; Bone Plates ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography* ; Humans ; Incisor* ; Prevalence ; Tooth

Objective To understand the developmental effects induced by CdSe /ZnS quantum dots(QDs)on zebrafish embryos.Methods Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 0,0.5,1,2,4,8 and 16 nmol/L of CdSe /ZnS QDs,and the typical toxicological indexes were recorded at five time points respectively (24 hours post fertilization (hpf),48 hpf, 72 hpf,96 hpf,120 hpf).Results The results showed that the median lethal concentration (LC50 )for zebrafish embryos after 120 hpf was 21.38 nmol/L(95% CI =17.21 -26.57).The frequency of spontaneous movement in 60 seconds after 24 hpf,the frequency of heart beat in 60 seconds after 48 hpf,the hatching rate and the mortality rate were obviously affected by CdSe /ZnS QDs.Several abnormalities and toxic symptoms caused by CdSe /ZnS QDs at 8 nmol/L and 16 nmol/L were observed including pericardial edema,liver atrophy,non -depleted yolk,intestinal abnormal development and muscle degeneration after 120 hpf.Conclusion High level of CdSe /ZnS QDs (more than 8 nmol/L)could induce toxic effects on zebrafish embryonic development.

Objective To understand the status of health literacy of residents in Qiandao Lake town in order to complete the surveillance system.Methods A total of 484 residents aged 15 to 69 years old from 9 communities were selected using cluster random sampling method.Then the household interview was conducted.Results The overall level of health literacy of residents was 26.03%.As for the 4 health literacy related aspects including basic health knowledge,health lifestyle and behaviors,health related skill and health beliefs,the rates were 32.54% ,4.77% ,60.30% and 92.62%,respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the level of health literacy of residents was related to age and education.Conclusion The health education in Qiandao Lake town has got some achievements.