Along with the degree of population ageing worse off continuously, the demand for medical service is growing. The current system of pension service and medical service are discrete and separate, and integrating pen-sion service with medical service is the best choice for China. However, there are some problems with the model for integrating pension service with medical service. These problems include the lack of funding, negative participation and imperfect methods of service delivery; high toll levels and single, rigid service contents; and bull management and policies hard to enforce. China should improve the service delivery model, identify service content according to the demand for service object, and improve the mechanism of government management.

Objective:To promote the development of private pension institutions and social welfare in China. Methods:33 private pension institutions and 165 elderly people are followed with questionnaire. Results:The number of institutions, beds and occupancy in Hefei has increased annually since 2001. 94% of pension institutions are in the mid-range level of 500~1000 yuan;27. 27% of pension institutions belong to self-constructed housing, 69. 7%rented housing, 3. 03% modificated housing. 21. 21% of pension institutions’ investments scale is more than 10 million yuan. Conclusion:Private pension institutions face some problems, such as structural imbalance in terms of supply and demand, shortage of funds, and lack of human resources. Suggestion:We should reasonably adjust the level and function of institutions, increase the support for funds, and cultivate professional teams.

Rhynchosia volubilis Lour has been a major drug in a folk prescription for contraception in China, whereas its mechanism remains unknown. Its antifertility effects on male mice and antimicrobial activities on sexually transmitted infection (STI) pathogens were previously reported. This study was undertaken to develop the n-Butanol extract of Rhynchosia volubilis Lour (BERVL) as a spermicidal agent with STI prevention. The spermicidal activities of BERVL with different doses were assessed using selected high-motile sperms of normal human semen samples, and their inhibitory effects on Lactobacillus acidophilus were determined. The mechanism of the spermicidal activity was explored by aqueous Eosin Y and Hoechst 33342/PI staining. The results showed spermicidal activities and inhibitory effects of BERVL on Lactobacillus acidophilus were dose-dependent. Dose of 90 mg/mL BERVL terminated all progressive sperm motility within 2 min, and had slight inhibitory effect on Lactobacillus acidophilus, suggesting it was an effective and safe dose for contraception use. About 80% sperms exposed to BERVL displayed changes consistent with high permeability of head membrane. It is concluded that BERVL as spermicide has advantages over N-9 with strong ability to instantaneously kill human sperm and possesses light inhibitory effect on Lactobacillus acidophilus.

Objective To investigate the phenotype and function of CD8+T cells cultured with SK-OV-3. Methods Transwell coculture experiments were conducted in 24-well plates with inner wells to separate CD8+ T cells and SK-OV-3. After 5 days of culture, CD8+ T cells were washed, and 1 × 106 cells were collected for Foxp3, CD25, CD28, CTLA-4 and GITR mRNA analysis and 2 × 106 cells were collected to detect expression of Foxp3, CD25, CD28, CTLA-4 and GITR in CD8+ T cells by flow cytometry. CD8+T cells that cultured alone or with SK-OV-3 were added at ratios of 1∶0 , 1∶1 , 1∶5 , 1∶10 , and 0∶1 to na?ve CD4+ T cells in 96-well plates. All wells were cultured with the presence of irradiated PBMCs and anti-CD3 antibody. After 72 h, [3H]-thymidine was added for 16 h prior to the determination of proliferation by scintillation counting. Results Compared with CD8+ T cells cultured without SK-OV-3 , the expression of Foxp3 and CTLA-4 was increased and CD28 expression was decreased in CD8+ T cells cultured with SK-OV-3 (both P < 0.001). We found that CD8+T cells cultured with SK-OV-3 significantly suppressed the na?ve CD4+ T cell proliferation induced by the anti-CD3 stimulation in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, CD8+ T cells cultured without SK-OV-3 did not suppress na?ve CD4+ T cell proliferation. Conclusion Ovarian cancer cell can induce the suppressive CD8+Treg, which is an important link of the immunosuppressive microenvironment in ovarian cancer.

Adult ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; adverse effects ; CD3 Complex ; metabolism ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foscarnet ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; drug therapy ; etiology ; immunology ; virology ; Male

Objective To explore if continuous administration of adenosine by peripheral pathway can attenuate myocardial hypertrophy and pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH)caused by chronic hypoxia and analyze the dose-effect relationships between them.Methods Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into 8 groups:the hypoxia group(n=6),the hypoxia ade-nosine-treated groups [n=18,adenosine was administrated with different doses 50,100,150 ?g/(kg?min),the hypoxia adenosine-treated group A,B,C],the control group(n=6),the control adenosine-treated control groups [n=18,adenosine was administrated with different doses 50,100,150 ?g/(kg?min),the control adenosine-treated control group A,B,C].On the 21st day of the experiment,the Medlab-U/4CS was used to determined the right ventricular systolic pressure(RVSP)and the mean pulmonary arterial pressure(mPAP)of each rat.The ratio of the weight of right ventricle/left ventricle and septum[RV/(LV+S)] and the ratio of the weight of right ventricle/body weight(RV/BW)were also calculated.The morphological changes in myocardium cells and pulmonary vascular structure were observed.SAS 8.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results Twenty-one days after hypoxia,RVSP,mPAP,RV/(LV+S),RV/BW in hypoxia groups were higher significantly than those in control group and hypoxia adenosine-treated groups(Pa

Objective To investigate Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression in tumor associated inflammation in patients with adamantinomatous craniopharyngima..Methods Fifty-four patients (31 male and 23 female) with craniopharyngioma from 3 to 66 years of age were recruited from May 2004 to March 2006.NF-κB and Osteopontin (OPN) expression in human craniopharyngiomas were detected using immunohistochemical staining.High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), a systemic marker of inflammation, was examined in patients' tumor hydatid fluid, cerebrospinal fluid and serum.Results NF-κB expression was significantly increased in the adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma.Spearman;s correlation analysis demonstrated that NF-κB expression was associated with OPN expression.The hs-CRP level was also increased in the tumor hydatid fluid (4.28±0.90 mg/mL), cerebrospinal fluid (0.035±0.006 mg/mL) and serum (1.72±0.54 mg/mL) in patients with adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma.Conclusions NF-kappa B is closely associated with tumor associated inflammation which further mediates adhesion of tumor to surrounding important structures in patients with adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the antithrombotic effects and its molecular mechanisms of prazosin combined with anisodamine (Ani).

METHODSIsolated rat tail artery rings model was employed to evaluate the vasodilative effects of drugs, mice tail thrombosis model induced by carrageenan was used to study the antithrombotic effects and its molecular mechanisms of the drug composition.

RESULTSAmong alpha1-adrenoreceptor antagonists, prazosin(Pra) had the greatest relaxation rate, which was (82.6 +/- 8.9)%, and the EC50 value was 0.44 micromol/L. The drug composition of anisodamine and prazosin of different doses could decrease the length of the tail thrombosis from (24.6 +/- 4.6)mm to (6.9 +/- 2.7)mm, and the rate of thrombosis was decreased from 86.6% to 50.0%. The drug composition could prolong the prothrombin time (PT) distinctively, but it had no effect on the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). It also could restrain the decrease of serum levels of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and 6- Keto -PGF1alpha as well as the increase of type-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) in the mice.

CONCLUSIONThe drug composition formed by anisodamine and prazosin has good effects of relaxing extremities tiny blood vessels and it can fight against thrombosis, its antithrombotic mechanisms may be related to the influence of the extrinsic coagulation pathway, inhibition of platelet activation functions and the promotion of fibrinolysis function.

Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Prazosin ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Solanaceous Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; Thrombosis ; drug therapy

Adult ; China ; Humans ; Male ; Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup C ; drug effects ; genetics ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational drug use in the clinic. METHODS:The cases of disulfiram-like reac-tion collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of TCM from July 1st in 2012 to June 30st in 2014,were analyzed and compared retrospectively. The epidemiological characteristics,causes,clinical characteristics and treatment methods were summarized. RESULTS:Disulfiram-like reaction mainly occurred in male(86.59%),mainly in young and middle-aged men aged 21-50 years old (78.05%). It might be induced by using cephalosporin antibiotics (as cefoperazone,cefperazone/sulbactam, etc.),nitroimidazole (as metronidazole,tinidazole,etc.),drinking or contacting beverage,food or drug containing ethanol. This reaction involved the skin and its accessories system,circulatory system,digestive system,nervous system,respiratory system, etc. Its clinical manifestations mainly were skin flush,chest tightness,shortness of breath,palpitation,nausea,vomiting,dizzi-ness,headache,etc.,occasional confusion,drowsiness,xerostomia,etc. Response to the severe disulfiram-like reaction,the foun-dation treatment combined with symptomatic treatment showed a good effect with remission of symptoms in 1 to 3 hours and no deaths. CONCLUSIONS:When the drugs with mercapto-1-methyltetrazole perssad as cephalosporin antibiotics,nitro imidazoles, etc.,are used,we should avoid drinking or taking drugs or food containing ethanol,to prevent the occurrence of disulfiram-like re-action.