After headspace sampling with apparatus of carbon basal body solid phase microextraction the collected samples were directly measured by the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) The qualitative analysis of carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4) in a certain kind of shampoo was carried out by searching the data base of mass spectrums and using standard addition method Afterward,under the same conditions of sampling and GC/MS analysis metioned above,the quantitative analysis of CCl 4 in shampoo samples was carried out by standard adding method The correlation coffecient r of linear relationship,detection limit and relative standard deviation of this method was 0 998,1 3?10 -8 (V/V),5%~9% respectively

Background Diabetiretinopathy(DR) ione of the leading causeof blindness.To understand the risk factorof Dpathogenesiiimportanfothe prevention and treatmenof DR.Objective The purpose of thistudy wato survey the prevalence and relevanfactorof Damong diabetipatientaged ove45 yearold.Methodcross-sectional study wadesigned.physical examination waperformed on 7300 subjectfrom July,2010 to March,2011 athe FirsHospital of Shanxi Medical University,and 5012 of them received non-mydriatidigital funduphotography.Type 2 diabetimellituwadetermined in 574 subjects,and 480 casethaconformed to the criteriof the currenstudy were recruited.questionnaire survey wacarried ouin the 480 patients,and the prevalence of diabeteand Dwacalculated fothe analysiof the causative factorof DR.ResultGradable funduphotographwere available in 480 subjects,and 98 of them presented with Dcomplication aprevalence rate of 19.8％.The morbidity rateof Dwere 14.3％,19.4％,23.7％ and 21.5％ in the 45-55 yeargroup,＞55-65 yeargroup,＞65-75 yeargroup and ＞75 yeargroup,respectively,withousignificandifference among them (x2 =3.824,P=0.281).The incidence rateof Dwere 11.8％,13.2％,15.4％,27.0％ and 62.5％ in patientwith disease courseof lesthan 5 years,5-10 years,＞ 10-15 years,＞ 15-20 yearand ove20 years,respectively,with significandifference among differendisease duration(x2 =57.518,P =0.000).No significandifference waseen in the prevalence of Damong groupwith body weighindiceof ＜18.5,18.5-22.9,23.0-24.9 and ≥25.0 (16.7％,23.3％,16.8％,19.7％) (x2 =2.099,P =0.718) and differentreatmenmethod,such aoral antidiabetidrugs,insulin injection ocombination treatmen(18.8％,25.9％,19.8％,respectively) (x2 =1.477,P=0.478).The questionnaire survey showed close relevancy between gender,disease duration,fasting glucose concentration,family history of diabetes,and whethefunduexamination waperformed (P =0.025,0.000,0.001,0.003,0.039).ConclusionThe prevalence rate of Dwaassociated with the awarenesfodiabeteand treatmenmodes.Gender,disease duration,family history of diabetes,fasting glucose concentration and submission to eye examination are the independenrisk factorof DR.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Granulosa Cells ; drug effects ; secretion ; Humans

Acanthosis Nigricans ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; Adolescent ; Antigens, CD ; genetics ; Biomarkers ; blood ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Donohue Syndrome ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; genetics ; Male ; Mutation ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptor, Insulin ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Chemotherapy is still the main treatment in advanced gastric cancer by now,but no standard approach has been adopted.Chemotherapy can prolong median overall survival and improve quality of life compared to the best supportive care alone.Recent years,with the appearance of various new agents,chemotherapy remains continuous improvement.As a result,response rate and overall survival of advanced gastric cancers were further improved.Meanwhile,with a greater understanding of the molecular biology of gastric cancer,molecular biological targeted therapies that target human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2),endothelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) become the focus of the comprehensive treatment.Chemotherapy combined targeted therapy have shown great benefit and perspective in treatment of advanced gastric cancer,but their usage should be further modified and optimized in clinical trials and practices.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in urinary system infection.METHODS Collected from patients urine specimens of our hospital during Jan 2004 Dec 2008 were cultured,detected and studied drug resistance.RESULTS Among these pathogens,Escherichia coli rated the top one(44%),followed by coagulase negative Staphylococcus,fungi,Enterococcus,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Proteus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.The Enterobacteriaceae were sensitive to imipenem(100%) and the Enterococcues and Staphytlococcus were sensitive to vancomycin(100%).But they all showed higher drug resistance to other antibiotics.CONCLUSIONS E.coli from urinary tract infection is the most common pathogen.In the treatment of urinary tract infection the commonly used drugs such as gentamicin,ciprofloxacin,etc,have produced a higher resistance.Clinician should pay attention to the changes in their drug resistance and use correctly.

Boronic Acids ; adverse effects ; Bortezomib ; Humans ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; chemically induced ; Pyrazines ; adverse effects

Objective To evaluate the role of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) in spinal cord in a rat model of neuropathic pain.Methods One hundred and eighty male Wistar rats weighing 180-220 g were randomly divided into 4 groups( n =45 each): sham operation group(group S),neuropathic pain group (group NP),siRNA negative control group (group NS) and PARP1-siRNA group (group PS).Neuropathic pain was produced by L5 spinal nerve ligation (SNL).Viral of PARP1-siRNA or viral of siRNA negative control was injected intrathecally after SNL in groups PS or NS.Mechanical pain threshold was determined at 3,7 and 14 d after SNL.Then the rats were sacrificed and L5 lumbar spinal tissues were removed for determination of coexpression of PARP1 with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) (by immunohistochemistry double stain),protein expression of PARP1 and GFAP (by Western blot),and mRNA expression of PARP1 and GFAP (by RT-PCR).Results Compared with group S,mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased and the protein and mRNA expression of GFAP and PARP1 up-regulated in groups NP,NS and PS( P ＜ 0.05).Compared with groups NP and NS,mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased and the protein and mRNA expression of GFAP and PARP1 down-regulated in group PS (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in above indexes between groups NP and NS(P ＞0.05 ).PARR1 was expressed in the astrocytes in the spinal cord.Conclusion PARP1 is involved in the formation and maintainance of neuropathic pain in rats via activating astrocytes.

Lysins are efficient bacteria cell wall digesting enzymes encoded by DNA bacteriophage. Gram-positive bacteriophage lysins feature similar domain structure, high lytic efficiency, synergic antibacterial effect with antibiotics, rare neutralization by antibodies, less chance of developing drug-resistant strains, et al. The past decade has seen a considerable amount of research worldwidely focused on lysin, and lysins have been used successfully in a variety of animal models to control pathogenic antibiotic resistant bacteria found on mucosal surfaces and infected tissues. The great potential of lysins as an anti-infective agent prompted this review.

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of maxillary protraction in the treatment of skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusions in early mixed dentition. Methods Fourteen patients with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusions in early mixed dentition were treated with maxillary protraction for one year with oral active appliance bonded face mask.Cephalometric records were analyzed to assess the changes of maxillo-facial structure of the hard tissue before and after treatment. Results The anterior crossbite was unlocked in all the patients,and the maxilla moved downwards and forwards.Point A moved forwards,and angle SNA and ANB significantly increased.The mandible rotated downward and backward,and the Wits values significantly increased,which led to the correction of a skeletal class Ⅲ relationship.Maxillary length and protrusion significantly increased,and facial profile improved obviously. Conclusion Maxillary protraction works well in the treatment of skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusions in early mixed dentition,and can reduce the chances of later orthognathic surgery.