Objective To explore the possible molecular mechanism of Ginsenoside Rg1 preventing against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)-induced substantia nigra neurons apoptosis in Parkinson disease(PD) mouse model. Methods C57BL mice were administrated(sc) with MPTP to produce PD mouse model.Different doses of Rg1(5.0,10.0,20.0*!mg/kg) were given(ip) prior 3*!d to MPTP in the pretreatment groups.Nissl staining,tyrosinehydroxythase(TH) immunostatining,cleaved caspase-3 immunostatining and TUNEL staining were used to observe the changes of nigra neurons,meanwhile,Western blot was used to detect the phosphorylated protein of JNK and c-Jun in substantia nigra. Results Pretreatment with Rg1 could prevent the loss of Nissl staining neurons and TH-positive neurons,inhibit JNK and c-Jun phosphorylation in SN,decrease the percent of cleaved caspase-3 and TUNEL-positive cell.Conclusion Rg1 can attenuate MPTP-induced apoptosis in substantia nigra neurons through blocking JNK signaling cascade.

Objective A lot of drugs have side effects on the central nerves system. Especially in children. In vivo neurotoxicity tests are time-consuming and expensive. The neural differentiation of human embryonic stem cells and amniotic fluid stem cells provides all ideal in vitro system that Can be applied to evaluate neurotoxicity of drugs. This study was to try to establish such a system. The kainie acid was selected to test the neurotoxicity. Methods The human embryonic stem cells and amniotic fluid stem cells were indueed to differentiate into neural cells by a chemically defined neural induction medium. The induced neural cells were propagated in the presence of basic fibroblast growth factor. Immunocytochemical staining Was applied to confirm these cells' neural identity. The induced cells were propagated under different concentration of kainic acid, then the gosh curve were made based on the cell numbers. Results Both of the human embryonic stem cells and amniotic fluid stem cells could be efficiently induced to be differentiated into neural cells. The neural differentiation efficiency of human embryonic stem cells is higher than that of human amniotic fluid stem cells. The kainic acid has neurotoxieity to the indueed neural cells. Conclusions The neural differentiation of human embryonic stem cells and amniotic fluid stem cells were proved to provide a rapid and convenient approach for estimating the neurotoxlcity of drugs.

Objective To analyse postoperative co mp lications of ultrasonic ablation and transluminal therapy in patients of deep v enous thrombosis(DVT) in the lower extremities. Meth ods In this study, 205 DVT patients with a history fro m 6h to 90d were treated by a combination of ultersonic ablation、Fogarty ca theter thrombectomy、balloon dilatation and stent placement. Results Major complications developed in 37 cases (18.05%) including vein perforation, thrombosis, bleeding and anaphylaxis to contrast medium, except for minor complications such as lymph exudation. The re was no mortality in this series. Conclusions This procedure is safe, miniinvasive and effective therap y for DVT patients.

Objective:To investigate the effect of ANF, PRA, AT-? and ALD on the occurrence of Heart failure patients and Congestive heart failure(CHF) .Methods:The plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay(RIA) in 163 patients(112 on heart failure patients,51 congestive heart failure)before and after taking Angiotensiin converting enzyme. The results were as foron: ll. Results:The concentrations of ANF, PRA,AT-? and ALD in acute myocardid infarction, Rheumatic valvuar disease, cor pulmonale and Hypertension patients were higher significantly than the contorl group(heart failure)( P 0.05) .After taking ACE inhibitor,AT an extent, the values were decreased-ANF 32.5%, AT-? 25.3 % and ALD 27.1 % , A positive correlation was shown between ANF system and RSSA system. Conclusion: The results suggested that monitoring of ANF,PRA,AT-? and AID with RIA technique showed a beneficial to heart's disease and heart's dysfunction.

Objective To explore the effect of incision of the cervix renal calices for the treatment of complex intrarenal sinus renal calculi. Methods 52 cases of complex intrarenal sinus renal calculi with upper and/or lower calyx serious hydrops treated by incision of the cervix renal calices were studied.There were 38 men and 14 women.The mean age was 43 years (range,21 to 70 years).The mean diameter of the stones was 4.2 cm. Results The stones were totally removed in 44 cases.8 cases with residual stones were treated by percutaneous nephrolithotomy. The residual stones were totally removed in 4 cases while other 4 cases accepted further treatment with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL).No blood transfusion and postoperative bleeding were observed.24 cases were followed up of 0.5 to 4 years.KUB plus IVU were conducted postoperatively which showed improved hydronephrosis.No intrarenal stricture and renal calculi recurrence were observed. Conclusions The procedure has advantages of less bleeding,preservating more renal function,less postoperative complications,which has a good application in the treatment of complex intrarenal sinus renal calculi with upper and/or lower calyx serious hydrops.

Objective: To compare and analyze the maxillary lingual arch forms of ClassⅠmalocclusions after extraction and non-extraction treatment respectively. Methods: 60(30 with extraction, 30 non-extraction)maxillary dental models of ClassⅠmalocclusions after orthodontic treatment were measured in lingual arch widths and depths. The data were analyzed by statistical methods and the charts of lingual arch forms were drawn. Results: The lingual arch widths and depths in anterior segments of the extraction group were significantly larger than those of the non-extraction group(P0.05). The lingual arch forms of the two groups were similar in anterior segments, and more different in premolar and first molar segments, but similar from the distal lingual cusp of the first molars. Conclusion: The lingual arch forms of the two groups are similar in appearances, but the anterior segments of the extraction group are deeper than that of the non-extraction group.

In this paper some suggestions of morphologic experimental teaching methods were put forward.

Objective To analyze the prevalence of human papilloma virus(HPV) and the relationship between HPV and vaginal environment in puerperium women.Methods One thousand and twenty-nine cases puerperium women were detected for HPV subtype by using nucleic acid flow-through hybridization.Patients with HPV positive had been considered as observe group and the rest as control.The prenatal infection of HPV of HPV-DNA positive and negative postpartum puerperium women, and the vaginal cleanliness of prenatal and postpartum were analyzed.Results In 1 029 cases puerperium women, the total HPV-DNA positive rate was 10.30％(106/1029) ,and high risk infection rate was 95.65％ (110/115).The rate of HPV positive before pregnant in HPV positive group (46.51％, 40/86) was higher than that in HPV negative group (9.09％, 10/110).There was significant difference of vaginal environment in the two groups (x2 =36.567, P＜0.05).In HPV-DNA positive and negative women during the puerperium vaginal cleaning degree of Ⅰ , Ⅱ ratio prenatal respectively were 56.98％ (49/86) and 76.36％ (84/110), and the difference was significant (x2 =8.317, P ＜0.05).Postpartum to 45.35％ (39/86) and 60.00 (66/110), and the difference was significant (x2 =3.941, P＜0.05).Conclusion The HPV infection of pregnant women are easy to getagain.There is relevance between HPV infection and vaginal environment.

Objective To study the effect of clopidogrel on different CYP2C19 genotypes and platelet reactivity in acute cerebral infarction patients with antiplatelet aggregation.Methods Four hundred and seventy-four cases of cerebral infarction patients in Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from April 2015 to April 2016 were collected.CYP2C19 genotype was determined,and the genotype was divided into the wild type group,the heterozygous type group and the mutant homozygous group.Platelet aggregation inhibition rate(ADP%) and platelet reactivity index induced by ADP were detected.Patients were divided into clopidogrel resistance group(group CR) and non resistant group according to whether ADP% was less than 30.SPSS 16.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis,the comparison between groups using independent samples t test,chi square test and multivariate analysis using Logistic regression analysis,when P<0.05 difference was statistically significant.Results Among the 474 patients,204 cases(43.04%) were divided into wild-type group,and 204(43.04%) and 66(13.92%) were divided into the mutant heterozygous group and mutant homozygous group.In Chi square test analysis,clopidogrel resistance group and non resistance group CYP2C19 genotype distribution was significantly different(χ2=6.658,P=0.036).CR group angle(α) values((68.87±5.47)°) and MA((66.77±6.25) mm) were higher than that of CS group ((66.55±6.05)° and (63.30±5.66) mm,t=2.199,3.387,P=0.029,0.001).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that OR of angle level was 1.028,95%CI was 0.929-1.137 (P=0.595);OR of Ma level was 1.561,95%CI was 0.785-0.970 (P=0.012).Conclusion The effect of clopidogrel on platelet aggregation in patients with acute cerebral infarction is decreased by CYP2C19 gene mutation.CYP2C19 mutant allele is a risk factor for clopidogrel resistance.Angle (α) value and MA value are the risk factors for the diagnosis of CR in the patients with acute cerebral infarction,and the risk of clopidogrel resistance increased when the patients′ Angle (α) value and the value of MA increased.MA value as a predictor of CR and the screening tool has a certain value.

AIM: To explore the possible signal transduction pathway of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium(MPP +)-induced apoptosis. METHODS: The apoptosis of SHSY5Y cells induced by MPP + was observed by acridine orange-ethidium bromide(AO-EB) staining. Western blot was used to detect the activity of JNK in SHSY5Y cells, and the antisense oligo- neucleutide of JNK were used as inhibitor of JNK. RESULTS: MPP + induced apoptosis in SHSY5Y cells. During the apoptotic process, JNK activity increased. MPP +-induced apoptosis in SHSY5Y cells was obviously inhibited by pretreatment with NAC or by transfection with antisense oligonucleotide of JNK into SHSY5Y cells. Simultaneously, decrease in JNK activity and percentage of positive cleaved caspase-3 cells in these groups were also observed. CONCLUSION: The possible signal transduction pathway of MPP +-induced apoptosis in SHSY5Y cells might be attributed to the production of ROS ,activation of JNK and then activation of caspase 3.