Objective · To prepare the liposomal pemetrexed and investigate its effects on MCF-7 breast cancer cells in vitro and nude mice bearing MCF-7 xenograft tumors. Methods · Liposomal pemetrexed was prepared by film dispersion method. Inhibition of MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines was evaluated by CCK-8 method, and anti-tumor effects were investigated on Balb/c nude mice bearing MCF-7 xenograft tumors. Results · Liposomal pemetrexed inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells. When the concentrations of pemetrexed were 0.20, 0.40 and 10.00 μg/mL, the cell viability in experiment group (liposomal pemetrexed) was significantly lower than that in control group (pemetrexed of same concentration gradient), with P values of 0.013, 0.035 and 0.041, respectively. Compared with blank group (same volume of PBS), the volumes and weights of tumors of nude mice in experiment group(liposomal pemetrexed) and control group (same volume of pemetrexed) were significantly lower, and the volume and weight of tumor in experiment group were also significantly lower than those in control group (P=0.000). Conclusion · Compared to bulk drug of pemetrexed, liposomal pemetrexed can inhibit the growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells and the Balb/c nude mice bearing MCF-7 xenograft tumors.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To cultivate stem-like spheres from SW620 cell line in the specific serum-free medium and evaluate the features of the cancer stem cells, and to investigate the effects of docosahexaenoic acid ( DHA) and eicosapen-taenoic acid ( EPA) on the growth of SW620 stem cell-like cells.METHODS: Human colon cancer stem cell-like cells ( CSCLC) were obtained from SW620 spheres cultured in serum-free medium.These cells were tested for the expression of SSEA-1 and TRA-1-81 by immunofluorescence staining.The mRNA expression of Sox-2 and Oct-4 was detected by real-time PCR.The efficiency of colony formation on a soft agar gel and tumor formation in the nude mice was compared between SW620 adherent cells and CSCLC.The inhibitory effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and mitomycin C on both types of cells were measured by MTS assay.MTS assay, Annexin V/PI staining and trypan blue staining were used to determine the effects of DHA and EPA on both types of cells.MTS assay was also used to analyze the combined effect of DHA or EPA with chemotherapeutic drugs on SW620 CSCLC.RESULTS:SW620 cells formed spheres in serum-free culture.The cells from spheres highly expressed SSEA-1 and TRA-1-81, transiently expressed Sox-2 and Oct-4 genes and were more resistant to 5-FU and mitomycin C treatments.These cells exhibited a greater ability in clone formation and tumorigenicity, indica-ting that these cells carried stem cell-like features, hence were considered SW620-derived CSCLC.DHA and/or EPA sup-pressed SW620 CSCLC by inhibiting cell growth, inducing cell apoptosis and sensitizing them to chemotherapeutic drugs. CONCLUSION:The cells with stem cell-like features, such as high efficiency in clonogenicity, tumorigenicity and resist-ance to chemotherapeutic drugs, can be obtained from SW620 spheres cultured in serum-free condition.DHA and EPA in-duce apoptosis in SW620-derived CSCLC and sensitize them to chemotherapeutic drugs.

A bacillus strain was isolated from the dejecta of the Giant Panda " Xiangxiang" returned to wild, afforded by China Giant Panda Protection and Research Center, Wolong Sichuan. By primary research, the strain was identified as Serratia and called as Serratia JF-1116. The 16S rDNA gene of the bacteria strain, was amplified , cloned and sequenced. BLAST of the sequence in GenBank indicated that the species with close similarity to JF-1116 were from genus Enterobacter only. The phylogenetic tree was producted from 16S rDNA of JF-1116 and other 18 Enterobacter species with the high similarity. JF-1116 was clustered with 3 strains of Serratia.

Objective To investigate the bacteriological monitoring and antibiotic use of invasive infection in patients with burns. Method The index of burn wound、 eschar distribution、 strains of bacteria, bacterial classification、sensitivity and drug resistance were determinated in 100 cases with burns. Results The wound and eschar 382 strain were isolated from the wound and eschar;The wound bacteria 250 strain(65.4%) were significantly higher than that eschar 132 strain (34.6%) (x~2 = 3. 987,P ＜ 0.05); Gram-negative (G -) 227 strain (59. 4%) were significantly higher than that Gram-positive(G +) 155 strain(40. 6%) (x~2 = 3. 887, P ＜ 0.05); Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacteriaceae in Gram-negative is major strains,while Staphylococcus aureus in Gram-positive is major strains;The Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance rate(10.38%) was significantly lower than gentamicin(70. 12%) (x~2 =7. 451 ,P＜ 0.01) ;The rate of methicillin-resistant(82. 14%) for Staphylococcus aureus was significantly higher than that of vancomycin(5.35%) (x~2 =7.548 ,P ＜0.01). Conclusion The Gram-negative infection could treat with imipenem,Gram-positive infections could treat with vancomycin for patients with burns.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic performance of CTCA in predicting myocardial perfusion defects through comparative analysis between MPI defects and severity of coronary stenosis on CTCA.MethodsFour hundred and seventy-eight patients who underwent CTCA and 99Tcm-MIBI MPI in the same period were analyzed retrospectively.According to the severity of coronary stenosis judged by visual evaluation of the vessel diameter,the patients were divided into five groups:no stenosis,mild stenosis,moderate stenosis,severe stenosis and total occlusion.MPI results were classified as negative or positive for perfusion defects,and the prevalence of perfusion defects in every group was calculated per-patient and per-vessel basis.The cut-off of stenotic severity for predicting myocardial perfusion defects was designated as 50％ or 75％,with MPI as standard reference.True positive,true negative,false positive and false negative statistics were thus determined separately on patient and vessel basis.The diagnostic performance for CTCA were calculated and compared.Pearson Chi-square and its partition tests or Fisher exact test were used to compare ordinal variables.ResultsFifty-eight patients showed myocardial perfusion defects.Either by patientbased or vessel-based analysis,the prevalence of myocardial perfusion defects showed an increasing trend with greater coronary artery stenosis in each group,and there were statistical differences among them (x2 =116.62 and 483.83,both P ＜ 0.05).On patient-based analysis,sensitivity ( SN),specificity ( SP),positive predictive value( PPV),negative predictive value(NPV) and accuracy (AC) for CTCA predicting myocardial perfusion defects were 62.1 ％ ( 36/58 ) and 34.5％ ( 20/58 ) (x2 =8.84,P ＜ 0.05 ),84.5％(355/420) and 97.1％ (408/420) (x2 =40.16,P ＜0.05),35.6％ (30/101) and 62.5％ (20/32) (x2 =7.19,P＜0.05),94.2％ (355/377) and 91.5％ (408/446) (x2 =2.18,P ＞0.05),81.8％ (391/478)and 89.5 ％ (428/478) (x2 =11.66,P ＜ 0.05 ) when the cutoff was set to 50％ and 75％,respectively.On vessel-based analysis,the SN,SP,PPV,NPV and AC for CTCA predicting myocardial perfusion defects were 58.8％ (40/68) and 30.9％ (21/68) (x2 =10.73,P ＜ 0.05),95.9％ (1768/1844) and 99.0％ (1826/1844) (x2 =36.72,P ＜ 0.05 ),34.5％ (40/116) and 53.8％ (21/39) (x2 =4.59,P ＜0.05 ),98.4％ (1768/1796) and 97.5％ ( 1826/1873 ) (x2 =4.14,P ＜ 0.05 ),94.6％ ( 1808/1912 ) and 96.6％ ( 1847/1912 ) (x2 =10.31,P ＜ 0.05 ),respectively.ConclusionsThe prevalence of myocardial perfusion defects correlates positively with the severity of coronary stenosis seen on CTCA.CTCA may predict perfusion defects with high SP and NPV.However,the PPV of CTCA in predicting myocardial perfusion defects is poor when the stenosis cut-off is set at 50％.It is significantly improved when the cutoff value is set at 75 ％.

Objective This study was performed to investigate the levels of HSP70 in tissue in pemphigus as a possible new theoretical basis for further elucidate the pathogenesis of pemphigus.Methods The expression of HSP70 in 62 patients with pemphigus was determined by immunohistochemistry,and the normal skin was taken as control.Results The results showed that the positive cells of HSP70＞75 ％ in the blisters of pemphigus vulgaris and the positive cells of HSP70＞50％ in the inflammatory cells near the blisters,and the expression of HSP70 was significantly higher than that in normal skin,which was statistically significant(Z=5.42,4.73,P＜0.01).Conclusion The abnormal expression of HSP70 in inflammatory cells and psoriasis of pemphigus patients showed that HSP70 is involved in the pemphigus.

Paris polyphylla, the dried rhizome of Paris polyphylla Smith Var.yunnanensis (Franch.) Hand-Mazz.or Paris polyphylla Smith Var.chinensis (Franch.) Hara, has been commonly used as a traditional Chinese folk medicine for thousands of years.The extensive pharmacological studies indicated that steroidal saponins had multiple pharmacological activities, such as potential anticancer activity, antibacterial, antivirus, hemostasis, sedative activity, protecting cardiovascular and liver tissues.Obviously, the studies on steroidal saponins activity are very important in the development and clinical application of the potential new drug.The recent research advances in the pharmacological activities of Paris polyphylla reported in the paper could provide reference for the further utilization of Paris polyphylla.

Objective To explore the association between psychiatric disorders and socioeconomic status such as education,income,employment and area of community settings in Zhejiang province.Methods Data were from the epidemiological survey of mental illnesses aged 15 and older in 2001(n=14 632).Psychiatric disorders were measured by GHQ-12 with a cut-point 4.Logistic multilevel analysis was the main statistical method being used.Results The overall prevalence of psychiatric disorders was 18.5%(95% confidence intervals,17.9% to 19.1%),higher than the data from Hebei province(u=4.39,P＜0.001).Annual household income and employment were strongly associated with psychiatric disorders especially for those with low income(odds ratio 3.45,95%CI:1.72-6.67)and unemployment(odds ratio 2.03,95%CI:1.73-2.40).Factors as regional effect and education level showed weak or inconsistent association with psychiatric disorders after controlling on other indicators.Conclusion Inverse gradient relation between psychiatric disorders and SES seemed as the main result of low SES individual characteristics and some minor effects at the county level.

Chronic hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection remains a major health threat, especially in high-prevalence areas. Most infants infected by mother-to-infant HBV transmission become chronic carriers. In Taiwan, many important preventive interventions have been implemented to block the perinatal transmission of HBV in the past 35 years. The first nationwide universal HBV vaccination program was launched in Taiwan in July 1984. The three-dose HBV vaccine completion rate reached 98.1% in 2018. The prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) decreased from 9.8% in pre-vaccinated period in 1984 to 0.5% in the vaccinated cohort in 2014. The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in children aged 6–9 years significantly declined from 0.52 to 0.13 per 100,000 children born before and after 1984, respectively. Furthermore, we have performed a maternal HBV screening program during pregnancy since 1984, with the screening rate peaked at 93% in 2012. The HBsAg- and HBeAg-seropositive rate in pregnant women declined from 13.4% and 6.4% in 1984–1985 to 5.9% and 1.0% in 2016, respectively. To closely control perinatal HBV infection, we have administered hepatitis B immunoglobulin immediately after birth and checked the serum level of HBsAg and anti-HBs in high-risk babies born to HBsAg-seropositive mothers, irrespective of their HBeAg status, since July 2019. We have also adopted short-term antiviral treatments such as tenofovir 300 mg daily in the third trimester for highly viremic mothers and reduced the perinatal infection rates from 10.7 to 1.5%. Through all these efforts, we expect to meet the global goal of eliminating HBV infection by 2030.

Along with the development of economy and society, type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) has become one of the most common diseases at the global level. As one of the complications of T2DM, diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) stubbornly and chronically affects the health and life of human beings. In the pain field, dorsal root ganglion (DRG) is generally considered as the first stage of the sensory pathway where the hyperexcitability of injured neurons is associated with different kinds of peripheral neuropathic pains. The abnormal electrophysiology is mainly due to the changed properties of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) and the increased sodium currents (I(Na)). Curcumin is an active ingredient extracted from turmeric and has been demonstrated to ameliorate T2DM and its various complications including DNP effectively. The present study demonstrates that the I(Na) of small-sized DRG neurons are significantly increased with the abnormal electrophysiological characteristics of VGSCs in type 2 diabetic neuropathic pain rats. And these abnormalities can be ameliorated efficaciously by a period of treatment with curcumin.
Animals ; Curcumin ; pharmacology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; drug therapy ; Ganglia, Spinal ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Neuralgia ; drug therapy ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Rats ; Sodium ; Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels ; physiology