AlM:To explore treatment efficacy of the lower eyelid twitch muscle transposition surgery in senile entropion.METHODS:Fifty cases (86 eyes) of senile lower eyelid entropion patients underwent lower eyelid twitch muscle transposition correction surgery as the experimental group, and the other 42 cases (68 eyes) of senile lower eyelid entropion patients received orbicularis muscle shortening correction as controls group. The correction rate, double eyelid symmetry and overcorrection rate of patients were observed one week after surgery. The patients were followed up for 6~12mo to be observed the long-term recurrence rate, double eyelid symmetry and overcorrection rate.RESULTS: One week after operation, eyelid symmetry, overcorrection rate of experimental group and control group had significant difference (P<0. 05); After followed up for 6 ~12mo, eyelid symmetry, overcorrection rate of experimental group and control group had significant difference (P<0. 05). CONCLUSlON: Folding and orbicularis muscle shortening treatment of senile entropion was compared with the lower eyelid twitch muscle transposition surgery treatment of senile entropion, We can find that clinical results in double eyelid surgery symmetry and overcorrection rate are of obvious advantage.

OBJECTIVE To find a way of reserving high quality phonation function after phonomicrosurgery for premalignant lesions of the larynx.METHODS There were 77 cases with leukoplakia or atypical hyperplasia of the vocal cord included in this study.They were all treated with phonomicrosurgical techniques as mucosal epithelium ablation or mucosal stripping by using CO_2 laser.Ten patients with laryngeal papilloma were excised by CO_2 laser.RESULTS Twenty three patients with leukoplakia or mild atypical hyperplasia of the vocal cord achieved a normal phonation within 2 months.The 44 patients with moderate and advanced hyperplasia need 3～5 months to recover the normal phonation.Phonation recovery of the 10 patients with laryngeal papilloma treated with CO_2 laser was better than patients treated with transcervical approach.CONCLUSION The CO_2 laser assisted phonomicrosurgery is a reliable method for management the premalignant lesions of the larynx, which not only can remove the lesions and also can restore good voice function.

OBJECTIVETo study whether alisol B could inhibit complement 3a (C3a) induced renal tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

METHODSThe in vitro cultured human renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells were intervened with 5 ng/mL transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), 0.1 micromol C3a, and 0.1 micromol C3a + 10 micromol alisol B, respectively. The mRNA and protein expressions of alpha-SMA, E-cadherin, and C3 were detected using RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence, respectively.

RESULTSThe mRNA and protein expressions of C3 in HK-2 cells were up-regulated after intervention of C3a (P < 0.01), the mRNA and protein expressions of alpha-SMA in HK-2 cells were obviously enhanced (P < 0.01), the mRNA and protein expressions of E-cadherin obviously decreased (P < 0.01). When compared with the group intervened by exogenous C3a, after intervention of alisol B, the mRNA and protein expressions of alpha-SMA in HK-2 cells were obviously reduced (P < 0.01), the mRNA and protein expressions of E-cadherin obviously increased (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSExogenous C3a could induce renal tubular EMT. Alisol B was capable of suppressing C3a induced EMT.

Actins ; metabolism ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cholestenones ; pharmacology ; Complement C3a ; metabolism ; Epithelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; drug effects ; Humans ; Kidney Tubules ; cytology ; metabolism

Objective:To observe the serum levels of miR-497 and miR-383 in patients with esophageal cancer, and to analyze the clinical significance for esophageal cancer.Methods:Esophageal cancer patients admitted to Union Wuhan Red Cross Hospital from July 2018 to February 2020 were collected as the esophageal cancer group ( n=96), which were divided into a recurrence group ( n=29) and a non recurrence group ( n=67) based on follow-up results. The control group included healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations at this hospital during the corresponding period ( n=83), and the benign lesion group included patients with benign esophageal lesions who underwent treatment at same hospital during the corresponding period ( n=78). Real time fluorogenic quantitative PCR was applied to detect serum levels of miR-497 and miR-383 in each group; Pearson method was applied to analyze the correlation between serum levels of miR-497 and miR-383 in esophageal cancer patients; Relationship between serum levels of miR-497, miR-383 and clinical pathological characteristics in esophageal cancer patients was analyzed; Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to analyze the efficacy of serum miR-497, miR-383, and their combination in predicting the prognosis of esophageal cancer patients. Results:The serum miR-497 levels in the control group, benign lesion group and the esophageal cancer group were 1.01±0.18, 0.86±0.15, 0.77±0.14, respectively, and the serum miR-383 levels were 1.02±0.21, 0.95±0.15, 0.84±0.15, respectively, with statistically significant differences ( F=52.59, P<0.001; F=25.12, P<0.001) ; There were statistically significant differences in serum miR-497 and miR-383 levels between any two of the three groups (all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis reveled that serum miR-497 level was positively correlated with miR-383 level in esophageal cancer patients ( r=0.46, P<0.001). There were statistically significant differences in serum miR-497 and miR-383 levels among esophageal cancer patients with different tumor diameters ( t=6.58, P<0.001; t=5.06, P<0.001), lymph node metastases ( t=5.55, P<0.001; t=4.63, P<0.001) and TNM stages ( t=5.00, P<0.001; t=2.75, P<0.001). The serum miR-497 (0.83±0.15 vs. 0.62±0.11, t=6.78, P<0.001) and miR-383 (0.91±0.16 vs. 0.67±0.13, t=7.12, P<0.001) levels in the non recurrence group were both higher than those in the recurrence group. ROC curve showed that the critical value of serum miR-497 for predicting the prognostic situation of esophageal cancer was 0.72, with a sensitivity of 68.97%, a specificity of 68.66%, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.756; The critical value of serum miR-383 was 0.84, with a sensitivity of 82.76%, a specificity of 67.16%, and an AUC of 0.827; The sensitivity of the combination of the two was 79.31%, the specificity was 85.07%, and the AUC was 0.899; The combination of the two had a better prediction effect than that of serum miR-497 ( Z=3.31, P=0.001) and miR-383 ( Z=2.51, P=0.012) alone. Conclusion:The serum levels of miR-497 and miR-383 in patients with esophageal cancer are lower than those in healthy individuals and patients with benign lesions, which are related to tumor diameter, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, and prognosis. The combined detection of the two has certain predictive value for the prognosis of esophageal cancer.

OBJECTIVETo detect potential mutations for probands from families affected with Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD), and to carry out prenatal diagnosis through identification of female carriers.

METHODSA total of 43 DMD/BMD families were recruited. Multiplex PCR was used to analyze 18 exons within hotspots for DMD gene deletions. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was used to detect potential deletions and duplications of DMD gene for 43 patients and 36 females from 32 families. Prenatal diagnosis was performed for 27 families.

RESULTSDeletional mutations were detected in 26 patients with multiplex PCR. In addition, MLPA has detected 3 deletions and 6 duplicational mutations, and the ranges of mutations were all determined. Among 36 female members, 18 were determined as carriers of deletional mutations, 10 were excluded as mutation carriers. The status of remaining 8 could not be determined. For prenatal diagnosis, 3 out of 18 male fetuses were diagnosed as patients and 1 female fetus was identified as carrier.

CONCLUSIONMLPA is an accurate and reliable method for detecting deletional/duplicational mutations of DMD gene as well as for prenatal diagnosis and detection of female carriers.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dystrophin ; genetics ; Female ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis

To explore Wu Shiji's academic thought, his external treatment method were arranged and summarized, such as treatment based on triple energizer differentiation, the theory of plaster heals various disease and the combination of the application of acupuncture, moxibustion and plaster etc. It has been proved that Wu's external treatment had compiled all the advantages of each school of Chinese medicine before his era, rich in content and convenient to use. So it values highly in clinical practice and has provided great convenience for the modern clinical research of external treatment.
Acupuncture ; education ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; China ; History, 19th Century ; Humans ; Male ; Moxibustion ; history

OBJECTIVETo provide genetic diagnosis and counseling for a 2-year-old girl with typical Rett syndrome through analyzing the methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene.

METHODSPotential mutation of the MECP2 gene was screened by DNA sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) analysis of members of the family as well as normal controls. Lymphocyte culture for karyotype analysis was carried out for the patient to exclude chromosomal abnormalities.

RESULTSThe karyotype of the girl was normal. No variation of the MECP2 gene was detected in the patient by direct sequencing. A heterozygosis variation, c.1072G>A in exon 4 of the MECP2 gene was detected in a normal female control, which was not found in other controls. The son and daughter of the female control were respectively heterozygous and homozygous carriers of the same mutation. By MLPA analysis, a heterozygosis deletion of exon 3 and part of exon 4 was detected in the patient. cDNA amplification and sequencing confirmed the presence of a 1176 bp deletion (c.27-1202del1176). The same deletion was not detected in the parents.

CONCLUSIONA large deletion in MECP2 gene was detected with MLPA in a patient featuring typical Rett syndrome. The same deletion was missed by sequencing analysis. With cDNA sequencing, the breakage point of the mutation can be mapped precisely.

Base Sequence ; Child, Preschool ; Exons ; Female ; Genetic Testing ; Genotype ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2 ; genetics ; Mutation ; Rett Syndrome ; genetics

Objective To explore the substantial resection limits of CO2 laser surgery for hypopharynx and the course of wound healing in animals,for the purpose of evaluating the clinic usefulness of transoral CO2 laser surgery in the treatment of selected hypopharyngeal carcinomas.Methods Twenty-three dogs were randomly assigned to two groups.Group one(11 dogs)received left piriform sinus resection,group two(12 dogs)received the resection of posterior wall of the hypopharynx.Six dogs in group one were killed immediately or 4,8,12,16,20 d post-operatively.Seven dogs in group two were killed immediately or 7,14,21,28,35,42 d post-operatively.The whole larynx and hypopharynx were taken out and the specimens were examined by naked eyes and under microscope.The other 5 dogs in each group were fed until the wound healed,the duration were observed.Results All the operations were successful and the results were satisfactory.In group one,the dogs could take food the day after operation;two dogs had slight cough during eating and recovered after five days.In group two,the dogs could take food the next day after operation,eight dogs had slight cough during eating and recovered after ten days.The excision dimensionwas satisfactory.In group one(resection of the lateral wall of piriform sinus),the size of raw surface was (7.5±0.8)cm2((-x)±s) and the healing time was(18.4±1.5)d.In group two(resection of the posterior wall of the hypopharynx),the wound surface was(7.0±0.5)cm2 and the healing time was(39.8±1.9)d.The healing time in group two was significantly longer than that in group one(t=19.535,P<0.01).Thepost-operative healing process were observed,including cellulose membrane coverage,granulation filling andepithelization.Conclusions Transoral CO2 laser was suitable for partial hypopharynx resection.Animalscan recuperate well with little complications.Although the course of wound healing was delayed,wound surface can recover with good laryngeal and deglutition functions.

Objective To observe the effect of immediate topical application of chitosan on preventing anterior giottic stenosis (AGS) after microsurgical resection of both vocal fold with CO<,2> laser , including the anterior commissure, in a canine model. Methods Sixteen canine larynges were injured by microresecting procedure of both vocal folds with CO<,2> laser. The dogs were randomly divided into two groups, chitosan group and control group. The chitosan and isotonic sodium chloride solution(control) were used for 5 minutes immediately after surgery. One week after the initial surgery, three dogs in each group were randomly selected , ultrastructure of fibroblast were examined with transmission electronic microscope and expression of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) and traansforming growth factor betal (TGF-β1) were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Three weeks after surgery, the rest dogs' glottic web were lysed and repeatedly treated with chitosan and isotonic sodium chloride solution respectively. The glottic wound healing and AGS formation were examined every week, and all larynges were harvested and examined histologically six weeks after the initial surgery. Results Transmission electronic microscope examination of the ultrasmcture of fibroblast indicated that chitosan inhibited the proliferation of fibroblast. Chitosan increased the expression of bFGF and TGF-β1, and bFGF and TGF-β1 in chitosan group, which was significantly higher than that in control group (z = -2.887 and -2.005, P =0.002 and 0.041). Chitosan decreased the extent of AGS formation. Three weeks after the surgery, the AGS lesion in the control group affected mean 49% of the length of the vocal folds from the anterior commissure to the vocal process, while chitosan group affected mean 7%, which was significantly less than the extent of web formation in the control group, (z = - 2. 619, P = 0. 008). The grade of collagen content in chitosan group was significantly lower than that in control group (P = 0. 003). Conclusion Chitosan is effective in preventing AGS after CO<,2> laser cordectomy.

AIMTo investigate the effect of ligustrazine (LGT) on expression of Fas/FasL mRNA during pulmonary ischemia/reperfusion injury (PI/RI) in the rabbits.

METHODSSingle lung ischemia/reperfusion animal model was used in this study. The rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (n = 30, in each): sham operated group (Sham), I/R group (I/R) and I/R + LGT group (I/R + LGT). Changes of several parameters which included apoptotic index (AI), wet to dry ratio of lung tissue weight (W/D) and index of quantitative assessment of histologic lung injury (IQA) were measured at 1h, 3h, 5h after reperfusion in lung tissue. Meanwhile the location and expression of Fas/FasL mRNA were observed. Lung tissue was prepared for light microscopic and electron microscopic ob servation at 1 h, 3 h, 5 h after reperfusion.

RESULTSAs compared with group I/R, Fas/FasL mRNA slightly expressed in intima and extima of small pulmonary artery, alveoli, and bronchiole epithelia in group LGT. The values of AI, W/D and IQA showed significantly lower in group I/R + LGT than that in group I/R at 1 h, 3 h, 5 h after reperfusion in lung tissue (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05). Meanwhile, abnormal changes of the lung tissue in morphologically were lessen markedly in group I/R + LGT.

CONCLUSIONLigustrazine has notable protective effects on PI/RI in rabbits by inhibiting Fas/FasL mRNA express in lung tissue and decreasing apoptosis.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Fas Ligand Protein ; metabolism ; Lung ; blood supply ; Lung Injury ; metabolism ; pathology ; Pyrazines ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rabbits ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; pathology ; fas Receptor ; metabolism