Objective To investigate photo-protective effect of NS398 on above cells damaged from UV irradiation.Methods HaCaT cell and HaCaT keratinocytes were incubated in the culture medium supplemented with different concentration of NS398 for 2h before diffierent dosages of UV irradiation.MTT assay was used to detect cell proliferation and cellular activity:Fluorospectrophotometer assay was used to measure the change of ROS level in the cells which were UV-mediated.Resuits After irradiation with UV,proliferation and cellular activity of HaCaT cells were decreased(P＜0.05);NS398 reduced the generation of ROS in cells induced by UV irradiation apparently and the cell apoptotic rate was dependent on the concentration of NS398. Conclusion NS398 might play an important role in the treatment of UV irradiation injury by decreasing the generation 0f ROS in cells after UV irradiation and increasing the survival ability of HaCaT cells.

AIM: To establish a HPLC-ELSD method for determination of astragaloside in Yiganning Granules. METHODS: The HPLC-ELSD with the Agilent C 18 column (4.6 mm?250 mm, 5 ?m) was used. The mobile phase was methanol-water (75∶25) at a flow rate of 1.0 mm?min -1 and the detector was SEDEX75. RESULTS: There was a good linear correlation in the range of 0.5984-2.3936?g. The recovery was 95.41% (RSD=1.1%, n=5). CONCLUSION: The method is proved to be precise、reproducibility and reliable. It is suitable for determination of astragaloside.

It is a brief review of our research on the role of metallothioneins (MTs) in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (Hcc) in more than a decade,and the mechanism of prevention and treatment for Hcc in the field of TCM.It was found that MTs were required for the malignant proliferation of Hcc cells and their expressions significantly increased under different levels of stress.MTs may exert their effects on promoting proliferation via increasing ribosomal protein gene or other gene expressions.The over-expressions of MTs directly altered the balance of ions in the cell nucleus,and interacted on the genes promoting malignant proliferation.Hepatotoxicity and hepatic damage caused by DEN were reduced and relieved to different extents by the representative formula or constitute,which under the common therapeutic principle,by which MTs expressions were down-regulated as well.In conclusion,both effects above are important in the liver protection,inhibition of hyperplasia and carcinogenesis.

Objective To estimate the relationship between matrix attachment region-binding proteins (MARBPs) and skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and to screen for highly-associated MARBPs. Methods Skin specimens were resected from the tumor and tumor-adjacent normal tissue of 12 patients with SCC. Normal skin tissue from the abdomen of 2 of the 12 patients served as the control. Reverse-transcription PCR was performed to detect the mRNA expressions of seven MARBPs, including CUX1, Lamin Bl, Nucleolin, hnRNP U,SAFB2, SATB1 and YBX1, in these specimens and in a human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT and two cell lines Colo-16 and A431 derived from human SCC. Results No evident expression was observed for the seven MARBPs in the normal control specimens, while the MARBPs were expressed in the tumor tissue and tumoradjacent tissue specimens, Colo-16 cells and A431 cells at different degrees and frequencies. In HaCaT cells,all the 7 MARBPs except SATB1 were expressed. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in the expression of CUX1, Nucleolin and YBX1, but not in that of Lamin Bl, hnRNP U, SAFB2 or SATB1 between the tumor and tumor-adjacent normal tissues. Conclusion Some MARBPs such as CUX1, Nucleolin and YBX1 may participate in the development of skin squamous cell carcinoma.

Combining the functional metabolic imaging and anatomical imaging,PET-CT stands for the highest level of current nuclear medical imaging techniques,and has been applying increasingly in acupuncture studies.However,owning to complexity of the brain function and sensitivity of brain metabolism,the lower reproducibility of cerebral function imaging even may reverse many results.This has been provoked more and more attention by researchers.Its main cause is intimately related to poor experimental methodology.For this reason,the present paper raises the quality control of the research on mechanisms of acupuncture in the process of application of PET-CT techniques from 1) the included standards of participants,2) the preparation of participants during the scanning process of PET-CT,3) the setting of the scanning parameters,4) the used machine and the imaging reagent,5) the analysis of dada,6) the standardization of acupuncture manipulation,and 7) the designs of the acupuncture operation,needling opportunity and scanning opportunity,hoping to offer some beneficial information for the coming researches.

Objective To observe the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in hippocampus neurons in rats after different time of neuron oxygen deprivation/oxygen supply, and to investigate the role of PPARγ in neuron ischemia reperfusion injury.Methods One day old newborn SD rats were chosen. Primary cultured hippocampus neurons were used to establish neuron ischemic reperfusion model in vitro by oxygen and glucose depriving 15 minutes and supplying again, and then the neuron structure was observed by transmission electron microscope of JEM-200EX.The expression of PPARγ mRNA and protein were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively.Results Neuron structure was damaged after neuron oxygen deprivation/oxygen supply. There was no significant difference between 0 h oxygen supply group and the control group.The expression of PPARγ was decreased both at mRNA and protein level after 6 h of oxygen supply. The difference between 6 h oxygen supply group and the control group was significant(P<0.01), which decreased with the length of reperfusion and the lowest was at 48 h after the reperfusion. The difference among the different reperfusion groups and the control group was significant(P<0.01). Conclusion PPARγ may participate in the pathological damage course of neuron ischemical reperfusion injury, and may become a new intervention target of treatment for ischemic cerebrovascular disease.

Objective To explore the effect of melatonin(MT) on the behavior of rats treated with noise stress and the related bio-mechanism. Methods Fifty rats were randomly divided into a blank group,two experimental groups and two control groups. The blank group was untreated. The experimental and control groups were exposed to 120dB noise stress for 1 day or 3 days, 8 hours per day, and treated with 15 mg/kg melatonin by intraperitoneal injection,or the same volume of physiological saline 30 minutes before noise stress. After noise stress,the rats' behavior was measured by open field test, learning and memory ability of rats was investigated with the method of Morris water maze and then nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of the rats were measured by TBA and Griess method respectively. Results No matter noise stress time was 1 day or 3 days, the excitability and explorative behavior of the 2 experimental groups(total movement distance (TMD) (1322.50 ± 504.32) cm, (1819.55 ± 458.37) cm, faster movement time (FMT) (68.49 ± 23.90) s, (87.34 ± 16.01) s, distance to center (DTC) (63.56 ± 2. 75) cm, (60. 13 ±1.87)cm, inner toriod time(ITT) (7.87 ±2.06)s,(9.60 ±2.89)s) in the open field test decreased significantly compared with those of the control group (TMD (2042.03 ± 449. 19) cm, (2325.73 ± 384.90) cm,FMT (109.32 ±21.84)s,(124.65 ± 16.74)s, DTC (58.00± 1.53)cm,(55.05 ±5.13)cm, ITT (12.84 ±3.62) s, (14.92 ± 2.75) s, P ＜ 0. 05, P ＜ 0.01);the escape latency of the experimental groups (( 10. 69 ±3.37) s, (18.87 ± 4.74) s) in Morris water maze was significantly shorter than that of the control group (( 23.86± 7.66)s, (33.55 ± 7.20)s, P＜ 0.05, P＜0.01). The contents of NO or MDA in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of the experimental groups (NO in cerebral cortex (3.35 ± 0.40) μmol/gprot, (4.50 ± 0.41) μmol/gprot, NO in hippocampus (2.24 ±0.18) μmol/gprot,(3.15 ±0.21) μmol/gprot, MDA in cerebral cortex(1.34 ±0.44)nmol/mgprot, (2.39 ± 0. 18) nmol/mgprot, MDA in hippocampus (0. 13 ± 0. 07) nmol/mgprot, (0.53 ± 0. 10)nmol/mgprot) were lower than those of the control group (NO in cerebral cortex (3.35 ± 0. 40) μmol/mgprot,(5.03 ± 0.44)μmol/mgprot, NO in hippocampus (2.93 ± 0. 31) μmol/gprot, (3.38 ± 0.24) μmol/gprot, MDA in cerebral cortex (2.24 ± 0.26) nmol/mgprot, (4.21 ± 0.21) nmol/mgprot, MDA in hippocampus (0.47 ± 0.29)nmol/mgprot, (1.33 ± 0. 187) nmol/mgprot, P ＜ 0.05, P ＜ 0. 01) respectively and the contents of SOD in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of the experimental groups (in cerebral cortex (763.95 ± 214.36) U/mgprot, (491.33 ±35.85) U/mgprot, in hippocampus (817.02 ± 232.39) U/mgprot, (644.85 ± 28.02) U/mgprot) were higher than those of the control group(in cerebral cortex (556.50 ± 101.51) U/mgprot, (327.35 ± 30.54) U/mgprot, in hippocampus (279.74 ± 117.02) U/mgprot, (108.75 ± 15.52) U/mgprot, P ＜ 0.05, P＜ 0.01) respectively. Conclusion Melatonin is effective in improving the ability of learning and memory in the rats of noise stress,possibly by inhibiting the increase of NO and MDA and increasing the SOD activity in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of the rats.

By searching the registry information of systematic review regarding acupuncture included before March 31, 2014 in PROSPERO systematic review registry platform, information in the project plan such as care gories of diseases, interventions, research team and the completion status was analyzed to make a comprehensive understanding on registry status of acupuncture systematic review in this platform. As a result, a total of 52 project plans was finally included. The health problem concerned was mainly painrelated diseases, and the interventions were mostly simple acupuncture or combination of acupuncture and moxibustion. The registered plan participated with Chinese team appeared comparatively late, which was featured with fewer independent projects and concentrated research organization, so its scientific research advantage in acupuncture did not present. In conclusion, it is believed that the consciousness on systematic review registry in domestic researchers needs to be improved, and researchers might take good advantages of the PROSPERO platform in the future.
Acupuncture Therapy ; Databases, Factual ; Humans ; Registries ; Review Literature as Topic

Combined effects of ?-chlorohydrin and glycidol on the ultrastructure of theinitial segment and the tail region of the rat epididymis have been studied by ultra-thin sections under electronmicroscope.Individual effects of the both drugs on thesame tissues were also examined simultaneously.The major results are as follows.1.Numbers of swollen and degenerated mitochondria were observed in principalcells,clear cells,apical cells and basal cells of epididymal epithelium,as well as insmooth muscle cells of the ductus epididymidis and in endothelial cells of the capil-laries in epididymal interstitium during a period of 3～30 days after administrationof low dose of ?-chlorohydrin combined with glycidol(5 mg ?-chlorohydrin plus75mg glycidol/kg/day?2),which previously has been proved to be effective inmale rat antifertility.Additionally,Golgi vacuoles,pinocytotic vesicles,multivesicularbodies,stereocilia and smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the apical cytoplasm of someprincipal cells occasionally were found to decrease in number.No Morphologicalchanges of the nuclei were found in these affected cells.The number of morphologi-cally unchanged mitochondria appears to become more with extended time after drugswithdrawal.2.In the group treated with the large combined dose of the drugs(20 mg ?-chlorohydrin plus 100 mg glycidol/kg/day?2),apart from the changes mentionedabove,necrosis and exfoliation of some epididymal epithelial cells could be found.Some lesions of the sperm,such as the destruction of the cytoplasmic membrane,swelling of mitochondria and pyknosis of nucleus were present in a few specimenstaken from this group.3.Effects similiar to that of the combined use of the drugs were also found ingroups using ?-chlorohydrin or glycidol alone,but a less degree of lesions revealed.These observations suggested that the antifertile effects of ?-chlorohydrin andglycidol either used in combination or alone could result injury of mitochondria inepididymal epithelial cells,which should lead to the decrease of the function ofepididymis,hence to interfere with the maturation of the sperm in it.