We reported a clinical caseof gas gangrene in the lower back and buttocks due to local intramuscular injection. A 43-year-old male was treated by local private clinic for low back pain. He underwent local intramuscular injection in his lower back and buttocks. 5 or 6 hours after the treatment,he felt worsen of low back pain (VAS 5 points)with a fever. After one day of treatment, the lower back pain was even worse(VAS 8 points). And he had soy-sauce urine and a high fever. The results of laboratory examination and clinical manifestation suggested multiple organ failure within a short period of time. Imaging (CT) suggested large area of gas and muscle necrosis in the lower back and buttocks. Considering the progress of the disease, emergency surgery on lumbar back and right buttocks was performed after hospitalization. Rapid bacterial smear reported gram-positive coarse bacteria. Anaerobic culture suggested clostridium perfringens. Aerobic culture result did not show any bacterial growth. According to the clinical manifestation, imaging (CT), intraoperative judgment and postoperative anaerobic culture results, the clinical diagnosis was gas gangrene. Gas gangrene is a special infectious disease in clinic, which can be characterized by low morbidity, difficult early diagnosis,rapid disease progression and high mortality. Sinceintramuscular injection leaded to this disease in our case, the importance of standardized aseptic procedures should be emphasized.

Objective To explore the effects of microstructure grinded on the labial face of porcelain fused to metal crown (PFM) in esthetic prosthesis for anterior teeth. Methods 193 patients with single maxillary incisor tooth defects were repaired with 2 crowns for each one. After the crowns being blent colour and molded, the crown A was not grinded particularly on the labial face and the crown B was done according to the records of the microstructure.The patients were allowed to choose the most satisfied one when 2 crowns were cemented temporarily. Results 36 patients chose the crown A and 157 chose B.The difference was significant ( P0.05). Conclusion The crown has great vitality and accordes with the esthetic standards of the patients by way of being grinded microstructure on the labial face.

Objective To explore the effect of costimulatory moleculars expressed peripheral CD4+ T lymphocyts on graft-versus-host disease(GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). Methods 21 patients who suffered of hematology diseases or malignant solid tumors were underwent allo-HSCT and 10 normal individuals were enrolled in the study. The levels of CD28, CD80 and CD152expressions on peripheral CD4+ T lymphocytes were detected by FCM in different time(before allo-HSCT, 7 day,14 day, 21 day, 30 day after allo-HSCT, thetime of GVHD and the time after GVHD treated). STR-PCR was used to detect micro-satellites chimeras forming. Results All 21 patients achieved engraftment. By STR-PCR assay, 12 cases formed complete chimeras (CC) and 9 cases formed mixed chimeras (MC). A multivariate COX survival function modle analysis showed: CD4 CD152 was independent prognostic factors for GVHD (x2=13.128,P ＜0.0001). Patients with GVHD demonstrated higher CD4+ CD28+, CD4+ CD80+ and CD4+ CD152+ T cell levels than those without GVHD (P ＜0.01); patients with aGVHD demonstrated higher than those with cGVHD (P ＜0.05)and without GVHD (P ＜0.05); Patients with GVHD demonstrated lower CD4+ CD152+ T cell level than those without GVHD (P ＜0.01); the same result occured between aGVHD and cGVHD and without GVHD.Conclusion The incidence of GVHD between NST and traditional HSCT have no difference. B7-CD28/CD152 costimulatory pathway plays a critical role in the development of GVHD.

The endogenous microorganism in paridis rhizoma mainly includes bacteria and fungi,and shows different physiological activities,such as microorganism inhibition and anti-tumor activity. The principal active substance steroid saponin in paridis rhizoma can be generated from the fermentation liquor of some endogenous bacteria,and the chemical structure of vancomycin and progesterone can be transformed by the endophyte. It is supposed that paridis rhizoma may benefit from the attributions of the endogenous bacteria against illness and environment changes. It would also benefit in productivity, transformation and modification of the other active sub-metabolites and compounds in paridis rhizoma. Thus,it is valuable in drug development and source insufficiency alleviation of Chinese medicines through separation,identification,screening and clone of the endogenous microorganism in paridis rhizoma.

Objective To study helper T lymphocyte cell(Th)1/Th2 imbalance in rats′ model of asthma and the modulation of lentinan(LNT) on the airway inflammation and Th1/Th2 imbalance.Methods Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into control,asthma and LNT groups.In the experiment,the rat model of asthma was established by the ovalbumin(OVA) challenge methods.Eosinophils(Eos) number and differentiated cell number in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were counted by different count fluids.The levels of IL-4 and IFN-? in BALF were measured by sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results 1.The Eos count in BALF and the ratio of eosinophils to the total cell number(Eos%) of asthma group were significantly higher than those of the control group(t=21.94,12.81 Pa

Dioscin is the main raw material for the synthesis of steroid hormone drugs. Currently, the direct acid hydrolysis is the mainly industrial production method for dioscin. However, the use of strong acid can not only destroy the structure of dioscin resulting in very low yield, but also produce a large amount of waste water and residues, which seriously pollute the environment. So the clean production of dioscin is the urgent demand of water conservation and environmental protection. In the paper, the recent research pro-gresses in the clean production technology and process of dioscin were summarized, and the advantages and problems were discussed in order to provide reference for the improvement and application of the new technology and process.

Radix bupleuri is mainly used to treat cold fever and liver disease, and the curative effect is remarkable. The prepara-tions previously explored including bupleurum injection, tablets and capsules all show their own characters and different applicable peo-ple. Recently, many researchers carried out extensive research on its dosage forms. The early formulations have been improved as well, and successively developed dropping pill, nasal sprays, transdermal patches and the other new dosage forms. In the paper, the recent research progress in bupieurum preparations were summarized in order to provide reference for the improvement and application.

Objective To construct recombinant adenovirns containing small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting human VEGF-C mRNA,then to study the inhibitory effects of adenovirus-mediated VEGF-C siRNA on growth and lymphangiogenesis of human colon cancer in BABL/c nude mice model.Methods In vitro:the specific siRNA sequence targeting human VEGF-C mRNA was selected.The homologous double-strand DNA was designed and synthesized.After such DNA was inserted into pDC316-EGFP-U6 by BamHI and HindⅢ,pDC316-VEGF-C siRNA-EGFP-U6 was obtained,then it was co-transfected into 293 cells with the hone plasmid pBHGF35.After generated by homologous recombination,Ad5F35-VEGF-C siRNA-EGFP-U6 was obtained,and it was packaged and amplified in 293 cells.The human colon cancer model was established in nude mice by hypo-injection LoVo cells.They were divided randomly into four groups (n=6):adenovirus,virus without target gene,single siRNA and PBS control group.Injecting intervention intra-tumorly in each groups,calculating the tumors volume and drawing the growth curve,calculating micro-vascular density (MVD) and micro-lymphatic density (LVD) by staining respectively of the lymphatic and vascular with anti-LYVE-1 monoclonal antibody and anti-CD<,34> monoclonal antibody were completed.Results Adenovirus group tumor sizes were smaller than other groups.The LVD were 8.47±2.1 and 17.35±4.7 (P<0.05) in adenovirns group and the PBS control group.The MVD were 22.65±6.04 and 23.19±7.63 (P>0.05) in adenovims group and the PBS control group respectively.Conclusion The adenovirus-mediated VEGF-C siRNA can significantly inhibit the growth and lymphangiogenesis of human colon cancer in nude mice model,hut have no effect on microangium vessels growth.

Objective To observe the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in hippocampus neurons in rats after different time of neuron oxygen deprivation/oxygen supply, and to investigate the role of PPARγ in neuron ischemia reperfusion injury.Methods One day old newborn SD rats were chosen. Primary cultured hippocampus neurons were used to establish neuron ischemic reperfusion model in vitro by oxygen and glucose depriving 15 minutes and supplying again, and then the neuron structure was observed by transmission electron microscope of JEM-200EX.The expression of PPARγ mRNA and protein were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively.Results Neuron structure was damaged after neuron oxygen deprivation/oxygen supply. There was no significant difference between 0 h oxygen supply group and the control group.The expression of PPARγ was decreased both at mRNA and protein level after 6 h of oxygen supply. The difference between 6 h oxygen supply group and the control group was significant(P<0.01), which decreased with the length of reperfusion and the lowest was at 48 h after the reperfusion. The difference among the different reperfusion groups and the control group was significant(P<0.01). Conclusion PPARγ may participate in the pathological damage course of neuron ischemical reperfusion injury, and may become a new intervention target of treatment for ischemic cerebrovascular disease.

Objective To explore a clean and efficient new method for extraction of Diosgenin. Methods Yield of the total saponins was evaluated to determine the optimal enzymolysis temperature,pH,solid to liquid ratio,dosage of enzyme and enzymolysis time.Using diosgenin yield as an index,solid to liquid ratio,concentration of sulfuric acid and hydrolysis time were optimized in the saponins hydrolysis process via orthogonal experiment. Results The best conditions for the enzyme pretreatment were as follows:the temperature for enzymolysis was 70℃,pH 5.5,solid to liquid ratio was 1:4,dosage of enzyme was 8 mL?kg-1,and extraction time was 24 h.The best conditions of total saponins hydrolysis were as follows:the solid to liquid ratio was 1:4,concentration of sulfuric acid was 2.0 mol?L-1 ,and hydrolysis time was 5 h. Conclusion The new method is environmental friendly and highly efficient,and expected to be applied in industrial production.