Justified the necessity of remote pathology consultation in China, and described the basic approach of such consultation in terms of the conditions, organizational framework, specialists and consultation process of the hospital. on the basis of benefit in pationts, the consultation helps the development of the pathology department and other specialist departments at the same time, builds initially a pathology quality control system, and accelerates the multi-discipline diagnosis and treatment approach. Expect to encourage contemplation on international remote pathology consultation in an effort to improve such a practice for the benefit of patients.

Objective: To study expression of the gene of n-6 fatty acid desaturase fat-1 in human breast cancer cell, composition change of fatty acids of cell membrane, and effect of the gene on apoptosis of breast cancer cell. Methods: Construct recombinant adenovirus vector (Ad.GFP.fat-1) containing fat-1 gene, the recombinant adenovirus was produced in 293 package cell, then it infected the breast cancer cells MCF-7; Total RNA of the cells was isolated and hybridized with antisense RNA probe of fat-1 mRNA by Northern to analyze the expression of fat-1 in MCF-7;The effect of fat-1on the proliferation of MCF-7 cell was analyzed by MTT method,apoptosis of the cells were detected by apoptosis kit;Content of n-6 PUFAs/n-3 PUFAs was analyzed by Gas Chromatography. Results: The proposed recombinant virus was got through DNA recombinant technique; fat-1 gene effectively expressed in human breast cancer cell MCF-7; The fat-1 mRNA band appeared 2 days after infection of virus Ad.GFP.fat-1;Compared with the control cell (Ad.GFP), proliferation of MCF-7 cell was markedly inhibited by the gene fat-1( 23%, p

The optimized cultural medium of fermentation for Candida sp.mutant strain YQ5 to produce S-adenosylmethionine was studied.The results of single factor experiment showed that the most favorable pH value,carbon source,nitrogen source organic nutrient is 6.0,8% sucrose,1.5% tryptone and 2% yeast extract,respectively.As to inorganic salts,MgSO4?7H2O,CaCl2,FeSO4?7H2O,CoCl2,CuSO4?5H2O,H3BO3 could improve accumulation of the intercellular SAM.The ingredients of the culture medium are also opti-mized by the orthogonal experiment.Fermentation for 48 h under the optimal condition resulted in AdoMet production at 1740.0 mg/L.

OBJECTIVETo study the regulatory effect of thymosin α1 (Tα1) on immunosuppression of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from children with aplastic anemia (AA) through Toll-like receptor 9(TLR9)and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) signaling pathway.

METHODBone marrow T cell subsets from children with AA and normal individuals were measured by using flow cytometry. Expressions of TLR9/IDO mRNA of MSCs cocultured with Tα1 were determined by reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR). Inhibition of PHA-activated T cell proliferation and activation by MSCs cocultured with Tα1 was detected by using MTT assay and flow cytometry.

RESULTCD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio (0.64 ± 0.02) in children with AA was significantly lower than that in normal individuals (1.42 ± 0.05); but CD8(+)/CD38(+) ratio (0.92 ± 0.04) was significantly higher than that in normal individuals (0.65 ± 0.05). AA MSCs obviously expressed TLR9, but not IDO; AA MSCs treated with Tα1 downregulated TLR9 expression but upregulated IDO expression in concentration- and time-dependent manners. The inhibition of AA MSCs on T cell proliferation (21.38% ± 12.34%) was lower than that in normal individuals (62.72% ± 17.79%, P < 0.05), while AA MSCs treated with Tα1 for 18 h exhibited a stronger inhibition (42.83% ± 16.54%, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe immunosuppression mediated by MSCs could be improved by Tα1 through upregulation of IDO expression via TLR9-dependent signaling pathway. This research provides a new idea for targeted immunomodulatory therapy with bone marrow MSCs from children with AA.

Adolescent ; Anemia, Aplastic ; metabolism ; Bone Marrow Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; Immunosuppression ; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase ; metabolism ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; immunology ; Thymosin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Toll-Like Receptor 9 ; metabolism

Suspension cultures cell of Sorbus aucuparia (SASC) was used as materials, the changes of physiological and biochemical indexes of SASC after treatment with yeast extract (YE) were detected, and the synthetic mechanism of secondary metabolites in SASC treated with YE was preliminarily explored. The results were as follows: under the assay conditions, SASC was induced to synthesize five biphenyl compounds, and these compounds content changed differently with induction time prolonging; YE treatment inhibited cell growth, the culture medium pH was gradually reduced after treatment; water-soluble protein content showed a trend of slow decline, which was significantly increased in YE treatment group (YE group) compared with the control group (CK group), the maximum relative content was 147.76% in contrast with CK group; both YE group and CK group were extracellular Ca2+ flow influx, but the YE group flow was significantly slow than CK group. The results indicate that YE induced the cells in a stress state, which was not conducive to the growth of cells and forced the cells to synthesize biphenyl compounds against external stress; water-soluble protein may serve as intracellular enzymes involved in the synthesis of compounds regulation; Ca2+ may as signal molecule mediate cell signal transduction respond to YE stress.
Cell Culture Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; Culture Media ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chemistry ; Secondary Metabolism ; Sorbus ; growth & development ; metabolism

In order to investigate the role of the hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) in the adaptation mechanism to high altitude hypoxia, the cloning of the HIF-1α gene cDNA of Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii), using RT-PCR and RACE, was applied, and the comparative analysis of the tissue-specific expressions of HIF-1α among Tibetan antelope, Tibetan sheep and plain sheep was performed using real-time PCR and Western blot. The sequence analysis indicated that the cDNA sequences acquired by cloning from the HIF-1α gene of Tibetan antelope comprised a 2 471-bp open reading frame (ORF) and a 1 911-bp 3'UTR. The similarity between its coding sequence, predicted amino acid sequence and HIF-1α of other mammals exceeded 87%, in which the similarity with cow was up to more than 98%, which showed that this sequence was the cDNA of HIF-1α of Tibetan antelope. The results of real-time PCR and Western blot showed that expressions of HIF-1α mRNA and protein appeared in Tibetan antelope's lung, cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle, with the highest expression in lung. HIF-1α mRNA and protein had obvious differential expression in these tissues. Further research showed that Tibetan antelope and Tibetan sheep possessed higher expressions of HIF-1α protein in the three tissues above-mentioned compared with plain sheep, and the expressions of HIF-1α mRNA and protein in Tibetan antelope's lung, cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle were higher than those of Tibetan sheep. It illustrates that the hypoxic HIF-1α-specific expression is one of the molecular bases of high altitude hypoxia adaptation in Tibetan antelope.
Adaptation, Physiological ; genetics ; physiology ; Altitude ; Animals ; Antelopes ; genetics ; physiology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; genetics ; metabolism ; Lung ; metabolism ; Male ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Sheep ; Tibet

To find the relationship between myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and refractory monolineage cytopenia, thirteen cases of MDS with early presentation of monolineage refractory cytopenia were analyzed retrospectively. The results were as follows: (1) The percentage of 13 cases with refractory monolineage cytopenia were 5.9% of the total 219 MDS patients in the past 10 years. (2) The median time of patients with monlineage cytopenia to M DS diagnosed was 48.5 +/- 55.3 months. The median times from monolineage cytopenia to MDS diagnosed for patients with neutropenia, erythrocytopenia and thrombocytopenia were 12.5 +/- 9.5 months, 53.8 +/- 54.6 months and 59.2 +/- 65.5 months, respectively. (3) The common characteristics of 13 cases were as follows: (a) the macrocytic erythrocytes in peripheral blood and the percentage of intermediate and late erythroblast in bone marrow were increased; (b) occasionally few cells with dysplasia could be found; (c) all patients with erythrocytopenia and thrombocytopenia transformed to RA and RAS while the most of patients with neutropenia transformed to RAEB subtype; (d) autoantibody could be found in part of the patients. It is concluded that some of refractory monolineage cytopenias in essence are the early states of MDS.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Anemia, Hemolytic ; diagnosis ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; diagnosis ; Neutropenia ; diagnosis ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo explore miRNA expression change of differentiation of mice marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into adipocytes, which lay the foundation for further studies on molecular mechanism of miRNA regulating the differentiation of MSCs into adipocytes.

METHODSC57BL/6 mice MSCs were isolated, cultured through the whole bone marrow method, amplified by the differential adherent method. Cell growth was observed by morphology and the expression of superficial antigen CD29, CD44, CD34 were detected through immunohistochemistry. MSCs was induced to differentiation into adipocytes with adipocyte differentiation medium, and adipogenic differentiation of MSCs was analyzed by oil Red O staining. MicroRNA microarray was used to investigate the differentially expressed miRNAs in MSCs and adipocytes.

RESULTS(1) The fifth passage of MSCs had high purity under an inverted m icroscope. Immunohistochemistry staining showed that CD29, CD44 were positive and CD34 was negative in more than 90% MSCs. There were a large number of lipid droplets in cytoplasm after MSCs were induced with adipocyte differentiation medium, Oil O staining was positive. (2) The microarray experiment showed that 75 differentially expressed miRNAs were obtained in adipocytes compared with MSCs, 20 up-regulated and 55 down-regulated miRNAs were observed among them.

CONCLUSIONThere was a expression change of miRNA of differentiation of MSCs into adipocytes, some miRNAs might play important roles in MSCs adipogenic differentiation.

Adipocytes ; cytology ; Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; MicroRNAs ; metabolism ; physiology

This study was designed to explore the innervation of autonomic nervous system and the distribution of receptors on pacemaker cell membrane in guinea pig left ventricular outflow tract (aortic vestibule). By using conventional intracellular microelectrode technique to record action potentials, autonomic neurotransmitters and antagonists were used to investigate the electrophysiological features and regularities of spontaneous activity of left ventricular outflow tract cells. Electrophysiological parameters examined were: maximal diastolic potential (MDP), amplitude of action potential (APA), maximal rate of depolarization (V(max)), velocity of diastolic depolarization (VDD), rate of pacemaker firing (RPF), 50% and 90% of duration of action potential (APD(50) and APD(90)). The results are listed below: (1) Perfusion with 100 mumol/L isoprenaline (Iso) resulted in a significant increase in V(max) (P <0.05), VDD, RPF, and APA (P <0.01), a notable decrease in MDP (P<0.05), and also a marked shortening in APD(50) (P<0.01). Pretreatment with Iso (100 mumol/L), propranolol (5 mumol/L) significantly decreased RPF and VDD (P<0.01), decreased APA, MDP and V(max) (P<0.01) notably, prolonged APD(50) (P<0.01) and APD(90) (P<0.05) markedly. (2) Application of 100 mumol/L epinephrine (E) resulted in a significant increase in VDD (P<0.05), RPF (P<0.001), V(max) (P<0.05) and APA (P<0.001), and a notable shortening in APD(50) and APD(90) (P<0.05). (3) Perfusion with 100 mumol/L norepinephrine (NE) led to a significant increase in VDD, RPF, APA and V(max) (P<0.05), and a marked shortening in APD(50) (P<0.05). Pretreatment with NE (100 mumol/L), phentolamine (100 mumol/L) significantly decreased RPF and VDD, MDP and APA (P<0.01), decreased V(max) notably (P<0.05), prolonged APD(50) and APD(90) markedly (P<0.01). (4) During perfusion with 10 mmol/L acetylcholine (ACh), VDD and RPF slowed down notably (P<0.05), APA decreased significantly (P<0.001), V(max) slowed down notably (P<0.01), APD50 shortened markedly (P<0.05), Atropine (10 mmol/L) antagonized the effects of ACh (10 mumol/L) on APD(50) (P<0.05). These results suggest that there are probably alpha-adrenergic receptor (alpha-AR), beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) and muscarinic receptor (MR) on pacemaker cell membrane of left ventricular outflow tract in guinea pig. The spontaneous activities of left ventricular outflow tract cells are likely regulated by sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves.
Action Potentials ; drug effects ; Animals ; Aorta, Thoracic ; cytology ; physiology ; Electrophysiological Phenomena ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Heart Ventricles ; cytology ; Male ; Microelectrodes ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; physiology ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha ; physiology ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta ; physiology ; Receptors, Muscarinic ; physiology ; Ventricular Function, Left ; physiology

BACKGROUNDTrabeculectomy has become a mainstream treatment in intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction for primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG); combined trabeculectomy and cataract surgery was reported to reduce IOP and simultaneously improve vision for patients with PACG and coexisting cataract. This study was specialized to compare the efficacy and safety of combined phacotrabeculectomy with that of trabeculectomy only in the treatment of PACG with coexisting cataract.

METHODSThis is a comparative case series study. Thirty-one patients (31 eyes) with PACG and coexisting cataract were enrolled. Of these, 17 underwent phacotrabeculectomy and 14 underwent trabeculectomy alone. IOP, filtering blebs, and complications were compared at the final follow-up. Complete success was defined as a final IOP less than 21 mmHg without IOP-lowering medication.

RESULTSAfter 10 months of postoperative follow-up, the phacotrabeculectomy and trabeculectomy groups showed no significant differences regarding IOP reduction ((20.59 ± 7.94) vs. (24.85 ± 14.39) mmHg, P = 0.614), complete success rate (88% vs. 71%, P = 0.370), formation rate of functioning blebs (65% (11/17) vs. 93% (13/14), P = 0.094), and complications (41% (7/17) vs. 57% (8/14), P = 0.380). IOP-lowering medication was not required for most of the patients in both groups. Additional surgery interventions, including anterior chamber reformation and phacoemulsification, were needed in the trabeculectomy group, whereas no surgery was needed postoperatively in the phacotrabeculectomy group.

CONCLUSIONPhacotrabeculectomy and trabeculectomy treatments exhibit similar IOP reduction, successful rates, and complications when it comes to treating PACG patients with coexisting cataract, although additional surgery intervention may be needed for a few cases with cataract and complications after trabeculectomy.

Aged ; Cataract Extraction ; Female ; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phacoemulsification ; adverse effects ; methods ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Trabeculectomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Visual Acuity