As a novel branch of combinational chemistry, dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) can be viewed as a technique which combines library synthesis and screening in one pot. By addition of molecular target, ligangds, which show binding affinity or strong interaction with the molecular target, can be amplified an young but rapidly growing branch of combinatorial chemistry, has been widely used in organic chemistry, biochemistry, material fields. Ligands in the library can be amplified, since synthesis of the library is screened by a molecular target. Therefore, these structures could be identified easily. Consequently DCC has been widely used in the lead discovery, material chemistry and other fields. On the basis of the principle and method of DCC, this review emphasizes the three factors of DCC, including molecular targets (bio-enzyme, lectin, nucleic acid, organic molecule, inorganic molecule); reaction (disulphide chemistry, ammoniation reduction reaction, hydrazone chemistry, etc.) and analytical method. Meanwhile, limitation, current situation and future development of DCC were also discussed in this paper.

Animals ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Perchlorates ; toxicity ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ; toxicity ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rabbits ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; metabolism

Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Perchlorates ; toxicity ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ; toxicity ; Rabbits

Adenofibroma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Nephroma, Mesoblastic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Sarcoma, Clear Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Stromal Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases among farmers,land less peasants and urban population in a certain area of Anhui Province,to explore the relationship between the lifestyles of landless peasants and their chronic non-communicable diseases.Methods A total of 761 valid questionnaires were collected by cross-sectional epidemiological study,including 119 farmers,259 landless peasants and 383 urban groups.The enumeration data was analyzed by x2 test and the measurement data analyzed by variance.The risk of chronic non-communicable diseases in each group was analyzed by Logistic regressions.Results General demographic characteristics showed that there were differences in three groups of people in the respects of drinking,eating habits and physical activity and other lifestyles (all P ＜ 0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the onset risk of hypertension and overweight obesity in the famer group and the landless peasant group was lower than that in the urban group,but higher than that in the peasant group.After adjusting for confounding factors,the prevalence of hypertension in the farmer group (OR =0.20,95％ CI:0.12-0.33) and the lost land group (OR =0.65,95％ CI:0.44-0.95) was lower than that in the urban group,the overweight obesity in the farmer group (OR =0.44,95％ CI:0.27-0.74) and the lost land group(OR =0.67,95％ CI:0.47-0.96) was lower than that in the urban group.The incidence of atherosclerosis in the farmer group (OR =2.48,95 ％ CI:1.45-4.23) and the lost land group(OR =2.00,95％ CI:1.33-3.02) was higher than that in the urban group.Conclusions The living style of landless peasants is different from those of rural group and urban group,and the incidence of hypertension and overweight obesity is higher than that of farmers.We should take interventions against chronic non-communicable diseases in landless peasants.

Objective To evaluate the olfactory functions in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) with a smell identification test developed for the Chinese population and to examine possible factors contributing to PD patients' olfactory performance.Methods Fifty-five patients with idiopathic and nondementia PD and 55 demographically matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited and their olfactory identification tested using the Chinese Smell Identification Test developed by the Institute of Psychology at Chinese Academy of Sciences.Results Olfactory identification score was significantly lower (t =-6.827,P＜0.01) in the PD group (19.3 ±5.4) as compared with the HC group (26.5 ±5.7).Of all PD patients,63.6％ scored over 1 SD below the age norm.In particular,of those with Hoehn-Yahr ratings between 2 to 3,77.8％ scored over 1 SD below the age norm.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that a cut-off score of 22.5 on the Chinese Smell Identification Test distinguished between PD patients and HC with a sensitivity of 74.6％ and specificity of 70.9％.Within the PD group,age,education,Hoehn-Yahr rating and Mini-Mental State Examination score were not found to correlate with olfactory performance (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion PD patients in China show significant impairment of olfactory identification,which is effectively captured by the Chinese Smell Identification Test.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of tuina manipulations in treating different types of tic disorders (TD). Methods: Eligible TD patients were classified into three types, transient tic disorders (TTD), chronic multiple tic disorders (CMTD) and Tourette syndrome (TS), according to their disease duration and severity. The three types of children were treated with the same tuina manipulations. Changes in the Yale global tic severity scale (YGTSS) score, effective rate for tic, and cervical spine imaging examination results (including asymmetry of the lateral atlanto-dental interval, broadened anterior atlanto-dental interval, C2 spinous process deviation, occipito-atlanto-axial flexion/ extension instability) were observed after 1-month and 3-month treatments respectively. Results: The YGTSS score changed significantly after 1-month and 3-month treatments compared with that before treatment (both P<0.01); the effective rate for TD was 46.6％ and 86.7％ respectively after 1-month and 3-month treatments; there were significant differences comparing the effective rate for tic between different types of TD after 1-month and 3-month treatments (all P<0.05); comparing the effective rate for tic after 1-month treatment with that after 3-month treatment for the same type, the intra-group differences were statistically significant [TTD group (P<0.01), CMTD group (P<0.01), TS group (P<0.05)]; the abnormal parameter rates in neck imaging examination after 3-month treatment were significantly different from those before treatment (all P<0.01). Conclusion: Tuina manipulation is effective for TTD, CMTD and TS. It can correct the abnormal alterations of patients' cervical vertebrae, and its efficacy for TTD is most significant.

Objective To investigate the safety and feasibility of thoracoscopic radical resection of lung carcer in patients with severe coronary stenosis at 2 weeks after stent implantation.Methods Clinical materials of 13 patients with thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer at 2 weeks after stent implantation for coronary heart disease were analyzed retrospectively,and were compared with the clinical materials of 127 patients without severe coronary artery stenosis by thoracoscopic radical resection for lung cancer.Results Totally 13 patients in PCI group were implanted with 25 stents.Among them,12 stents were smoothly implanted in left anterior descending branch,6 stents in left circumflex branch and 7 stents in right coronary artery.The degree of coronary artery stenosis decreased from more than 75％ to less than 10％.The patients in two groups were smoothly performed thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer under general anesthesia,and postoperative pathology was confirmed as malignant tumor.Blood coagulation time (TT) in PCI group was significantly longer than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05),platelet count (PLT) decreased significantly when compared with the control group (P ＜ 0.05),and the prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) showed no significant differences between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The operating time and the bleeding volume in two groups showed no significant differences (P ＞ 0.05),while the postoperative pleural drainage in PCI group significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05),extubation time and postoperative hospitalization time were significantly longer than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05),but in PCI group,there was no massive bleeding during and after operation,and no major cardiovascular accident occurred.Conclusion It is safe and feasible to use thoracoscopic radical surgery of lung cancer at 2 weeks after coronary artery stent implantation on the premise of standardized anticoagulant drugs and good perioperative jobs.

Objective To investigate the safety and feasibility of thoracoscopic radical resection of lung carcer in patients with severe coronary stenosis at 2 weeks after stent implantation.Methods Clinical materials of 13 patients with thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer at 2 weeks after stent implantation for coronary heart disease were analyzed retrospectively,and were compared with the clinical materials of 127 patients without severe coronary artery stenosis by thoracoscopic radical resection for lung cancer.Results Totally 13 patients in PCI group were implanted with 25 stents.Among them,12 stents were smoothly implanted in left anterior descending branch,6 stents in left circumflex branch and 7 stents in right coronary artery.The degree of coronary artery stenosis decreased from more than 75％ to less than 10％.The patients in two groups were smoothly performed thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer under general anesthesia,and postoperative pathology was confirmed as malignant tumor.Blood coagulation time (TT) in PCI group was significantly longer than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05),platelet count (PLT) decreased significantly when compared with the control group (P ＜ 0.05),and the prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) showed no significant differences between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The operating time and the bleeding volume in two groups showed no significant differences (P ＞ 0.05),while the postoperative pleural drainage in PCI group significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05),extubation time and postoperative hospitalization time were significantly longer than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05),but in PCI group,there was no massive bleeding during and after operation,and no major cardiovascular accident occurred.Conclusion It is safe and feasible to use thoracoscopic radical surgery of lung cancer at 2 weeks after coronary artery stent implantation on the premise of standardized anticoagulant drugs and good perioperative jobs.

As a novel branch of combinational chemistry, dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) can be viewed as a technique which combines library synthesis and screening in one pot. By addition of molecular target, ligangds, which show binding affinity or strong interaction with the molecular target, can be amplified an young but rapidly growing branch of combinatorial chemistry, has been widely used in organic chemistry, biochemistry, material fields. Ligands in the library can be amplified, since synthesis of the library is screened by a molecular target. Therefore, these structures could be identified easily. Consequently DCC has been widely used in the lead discovery, material chemistry and other fields. On the basis of the principle and method of DCC, this review emphasizes the three factors of DCC, including molecular targets (bio-enzyme, lectin, nucleic acid, organic molecule, inorganic molecule); reaction (disulphide chemistry, ammoniation reduction reaction, hydrazone chemistry, etc.) and analytical method. Meanwhile, limitation, current situation and future development of DCC were also discussed in this paper.
Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques ; methods ; Enzymes ; chemistry ; Lectins ; chemistry ; Nucleic Acids ; chemistry