China ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; Taiwan

[Summary] Cesarean section scar defect is one of the most common long-term complications after cesarean section .However the indications and efficacy judgment are not definite .The main managements include medical and surgical interventions .The drug generally used in medical management is oral contraceptives , and the surgical management includes vaginal repair of cesarean section scar defect and hysteroscopic or laparoscopic repair of the defect .To minimize the incidence of cesarean section scar defect , the surgical indications should be strictly followed and the operation should be carefully performed , including application of aseptic techniques , complete removal of decidua and placental tissues , effective hemostasis , and proper suturing .

Objective To study the chemical constituents and bioactivities of leaves of Torreya grandis. Methods The chemical constituents were isolated by MCI-Gel CHP-20, Diaion HP-20, Toyopearl HW-40, Sephadex LH-20, RP-18 and silica gel column chromatographic methods. Their structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical and spectroscopic analysis. The cytotoxic activity and antitumor activity of compounds 1-4 were investigated by lethal-to-prawn larva bioactivity determining method and MTT assay. Results Ten compounds were isolated from EtOAc extract and n-BuOH of leaves of T. grandis. Their structures were identified as torreyagrandate (1), hinokiol (2), 4-epiagathadial (3), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid 3-O-β-D-glucoside (4), dehydroabietic acid (5), trans-communic acid (6), cis-communic acid (7), (2-methoxy-1,4-phenylene) dimethanol (8), pinoresinol (9), and β-sitosterol (10). The bioactivity experiment indicated that compounds 1-4 possessed certain cytotoxic activity towards brine shrimp, and LC50 value were 7.7, 8.0, 8.8, and 4.2 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, it was found that compound 4 presented remarkable inhibitory effect on two kinds of cells of human liver cancer cells of Huh7 (67%) and HepG2 (69%) at a dose of 10 μg/mL. Conclusion All compounds are isolated from leaves of T. grandis for the first time expect compound 10. Compounds 1-4 exhibite certain cytotoxic activity, and compound 4 displays stronger antitumor activity towards Huh7 and HepG2 liver cancer cells.

Objective To study the effects of ischemic postconditioning and ischemic preconditioning on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury following middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.Methods A reversible focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was modeled using middle cerebral artery occlusion. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups (n = 10 in each group) : a cerebral ischemia-reperfusion group, an ischemic postconditioning group and an ischemic preconditioning group. The impairment of neurological function was scored and the infarct volume, the activity of superoxide dismutase and malondiadehyde (MDA) content were measured after the operation.Results In the ischemic postconditioning and preconditioning groups the neurological function was better and the infarction volume was significantly smaller compared with the model group. In the preconditioning group both infarction volume and neurological function were significantly better than in the postconditioning group. In the brain tissues of the preconditioning and postconditioning groups MDA content was lower, while the activity of superoxide dismutase was significantly higher than in the model group.Conclusions lschemic postconditioning can attenuate pathological injury induced by focal cerebral ischemia and repedusion. The neuroprotective effect induced by ischemic preconditioning is stronger than that induced by ischemic postconditioning.

Objective To silence the expression of CTGF by small interfering RNA technology,to observe the influence on fibroblast?like synovial cell apoptosis and several apoptosis?related genes,and to explore the mechanism of action of CTGF in rheumatoid arthritis synovial lesions. Methods Effective CTGF siRNA was screened through real?time PCR. The influence of CTGF siRNA on FLS apoptosis was detected with FITC?PI double staining by flow cytometry. bax,bcl?xl and survivin were detected using real?time PCR when CTGF mRNA has been silenced. Results Compared with other 2 groups of oligo and NC oligo,H1 oligo exhibited the strongest interfering action to CTGF(inhibition ratio>70%),so that it is selected as the effective target gene sequence for the following experiment. Apoptosis of FLS induced by serum deprivation was significantly decreased in the presence of exogenous CTGF. When expression of the CTGFgene was knocked down in FLS,FLS apoptosis was significantly increased,and expres?sion levels of survivin mRNA were decreased significantly(P<0.01). Conclusion FLS survival is positively regulated by CTGF,which may through the sustaining the expression of survivin.

Objective To develop an HPLC method for simultaneous determination of the eleven constituents (agaric-alcohol, naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, honokiol, emodin, magnolol, costunolide, dehydrocostus, chrysophanol, and physcion) in Chenxiang Huazhi Pills (CHP) by HPLC with gradient elution. Methods The chromatographic separation was performed on an Thermo Syncronis C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) which was operated at 30 ℃. The mobile phase was a linear gradient prepared from water (A) and acetonitrile (B). The linear gradient elution program was programmed as follows: 0—10 min, 20% acetonitrile; 10—20 min, 20%—40% acetonitrile; 20—24 min, 40% acetonitrile; 24—26 min, 40%—52% acetonitrile; 26—30 min, 52% acetonitrile; 30—31 min, 52%—90% acetonitrile; 31—35 min, 90% acetonitrile; 35—40 min, 90%—100% acetonitrile; 40—43 min, 100% acetonitrile; 43—45 min, 100%—20% acetonitrile. The flow rate was 1 mL/min and the detection wavelength was 215 nm. Results The analysis permitted very good separation of eleven constituents within 43 min. A good linear relationship between the peak area and the injection volume was obtained. The ranges of the eleven constituents were 1.4—13.6, 10.0—200.0, 31.5—315.0,1.0—120.1, 1.8—50.6, 0.93—10.1, 1.8—30.0, 0.2—40.3, 1.8—18.1, 1.7—25.0, and 0.45—10.70 μg/mL. The average recoveries of eleven constituents in the samples were in the range of 98.90%—100.87%. The precision RSD of the peak areas of the 11 components ranged from 0.55%—1.54%; Eleven components had good stability within 30 h, and the concentration RSD of each component ranged from 0.75% to 1.94%; The repeatability RSD of each component ranged from 0.39% to 1.73%. The content of agaric-alcohol, naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, honokiol, emodin, magnolol, costunolide, dehydrocostus, chrysophanol, and physcion in six batches were 92.0—201.0, 511.5—9 033.0, 5 475.0—12 635.5, 54.5—5 095.5, 192.0—2 137.5, 117.0—391.5, 106.5—1 281.5, 13.0—136.5, 93.5—199.0, 177.0—1 207.0, and 33.5—251.5 μg/g, respectively. Conclusion The method is accurate, rapid and simple with high sensitivity, precision and repeatability, which has been successfully applied as an effective tool for the multicomponent analysis of CHP.

Objective To observe the degree of arterial oxygenation and the incidence of hypoxaemia by different antalgic modes in elderly patients postoperatively, and to investigate the way of prophylaxis and treatment. Methods Sixty elderly patients by different postoperative antalgic modes were randomly divided into three groups with 20 in each: patient-controlled epidural analgesia group, continuously intravenous infusion analgesia group and intramuscular injection analgesia group. The oxygen saturation was monitored during 24 hours and the arterial blood gases were measured immediately before and 4, 24 and 48 hour after operation. Results The rates of hypoxaemia occurring once or more in patient-controlled epidural analgesia group, continuously intravenous infusion analgesia group and intramuscular injection analgesia group were 21%, 36% and 32% respectively . There were no significant differences in PaO 2 (arterial PO 2) and PaCO 2 (arterial PCO 2) between postoperative 48 hour and immediately before operation in patient-controlled epidural analgesia group. PaO 2 and PaCO 2 at 4 and 24 hour after operation were significantly lower than those immediately before operation, and all were over 70 mmHg. Conclusions Patient-controlled epidural analgesia may improve the degree of arterial oxygenation and lower the incidence of hypoxaemia after operation in elderly patients.

Objective To observe the renoprotective effects of angiotensin Ⅱ (ATⅡ) receptor antagonist, L-158809 and to explore its potential mechanisms. Methods The experimental rats consisted of normal control and type 2 diabetic model groups with or without treatment of L-158809 (2 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 ) for 16 weeks. Blood glucose, HbA 1c , serum immunoreactive insulin, serum creatinine, mean arterial blood pressure, creatinine clearance (Ccr) and urinary albumin excretion index (UAEI) as well as plasma and renal ATⅡ content were measured. The kidney morphological changes were examined by renal histopathology. Marix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) expression in renal tissues were studied by immunohistochemistry, zymography and Western blot. Results In type 2 diabetic rats, L-158809 restored the blood pressure (P

Adult ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; poisoning ; Arsenic Poisoning ; complications ; Causality ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Maximum Allowable Concentration ; Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic ; epidemiology ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effect of down regulation of SURVIVIN on cell and subsequent apoptosis in cervical cancer cells HeLa.Methods(1)The U6 promoter was obtained by PCR from liver of mouse and ligated into TA vector.RNAi vector(psSURVIVIN) and psN(control vector) containing of the U6 promoter was established.(2)Using HeLa cells as a model system,two groups were set stably up transfected with RNAi control plamid and psSURVIVIN(SURVIVIN RNAi plasmid),respectively.The expression of SURVIVIN in HeLa cells was measured by Western blot and immunofluorescence methods.(3)The activity of caspase 3/7 was detected using caspase-Glo(tm) 3/7 assay reagent.Results(1)Cell apoptotic rate was significantly increased by transfection with RNAi targeting plasmid,and cell was arrested at G0/G1(P