Objective To observe the feasibility of phase-rectified signal averaging applied for the evaluation of automatic nervous system activity in general anesthesia.Methods Forty-seven fe-males and 63 males aged 18-65 years,ASA falling into category Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for oral maxillo-facial surgery under general anesthesia were selected.The heart rate variability(HRV)signal was re-corded by Powerlab throughout the operation,and then it was sectioned into three segments with 5 minutes:pre-anesthesia(T0 ),means the waking state before the operation;intra-anesthesia(T1 ),the period of operation in 25-30 min;post-anesthesia(T2 ),the consciousness recovery state in the end of the operation.All indicators of HRV analysis was calculated in the time domain.SpO 2 ,MAP and BIS were recorded synchronously in the three periods.Results Compared with T0 ,DC, RMSSD, SDNN,SD1,SD2,logTP,logLF,logHF were significantly lower at T1 and T2 (P <0.05).In con-trast to T1 ,HR,MAP and BIS were significantly higher at T2 (P <0.05 ),DC,RMSSD,SDNN, SD1,SD2,logTP,logLF,logHF were significantly increased at T2 (P <0.05 ).There was positive relation between DC and RMSSD,SD1,logHF (r =0.905,0.909,0.932,respectively,P <0.01). Conclusion As 5 min-DC could indicate the character of PRSA,especially its specificity in showing vagus nerves activities,it is feasible that DC is used to observe the autonomic nerve activity intra op-eration.

In the article the effect of thyroid hormones was reviewed on cardiac ion channels and transports, so as to explain the changes of the action current on cardiac myocyte. Based on the molecular biology, the hormonal regulation of cardiac and transports were discussed and explained.

Objective: To compare the diagnostic value of two-dimensional time-of-flight (2D TOF) magnetic resonance venography in the sagittal plane, 2D TOF in the coronal plane, and three-dimensional contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance venography (3D CE-MRV) for intracranial venous sinus disease. Methods: Thirteen patients were suspected of having intracranial venous system abnormalities in the Neuro-surgical Outpatient Department, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University were included from July 2011 to March 2012. 2D TOF and 3D CE-MRV scan in the sagittal and coronal planes were performed at the same time. Maximum intensity projection (MIP) was used for 3D reconstruction. The diagnostic results were compared with DSA. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and Kappa value of the 8 main vein structures (superior sagittal sinus, straight sinus, bilateral transverse sinus, bilateral sigmoid sinus and bilateral transverse-sigmoid sinus junction) of the 2D TOF in the sagittal plane, 2D TOF in the coronal plane, and 2D TOF in the sagittal plane in combination with coronal plane were calculated. Results: Circled digit oneCompared to the diagnostic results of DSA, there was significant difference in using the diagnosis with TOF in the sagittal plane or coronal plane alone (all P <0.05), but there was no significant difference after combining the two methods (χu2 =1.500, P>0.05). Circled digit twoTaking DSA as a standard, the consistency of 3D CE-MRV and DSA conclusions was the highest (P<0.01, Kappa =0.933). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predicting value were 94.4%, 98.8%, 94.4%, and 98.8%, respectively. The consistency of the diagnostic results of 2D TOF in the coronal plane in combination with sagittal plane and the DSA conclusions were higher than that of 2D TOF in the coronal plane or 2D TOF in the sagittal plane alone (Kappa values were 0.815, 0.635, and 0.608, respectively). Conclusion: When it is difficult to diagnose intracranial venous sinus disease with 2D TOF in the coronal plane or 2D TOF in the sagittal plane alone, the 2D TOF sequence of other direction should be added, the collaborative diagnosis of both may improve the accuracy of diagnosis. The diagnosis of 3D CE-MRV and DSA showed a high degree of consistency. They may be used as a routine examination for the diagnosis of cerebral venous sinus disease.

Currently endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatograhp(ERCP) has been one of the major treatments to diagnose and cure pancreatic and choledochal diseases in many large and medium-sized hospitals.To meet the requirements of the army,ERCP treatment is practiced in field battle X-ray diagnosis vehicle(Model XCY2002-1/200) and has achieved satisfactory effects.The functions of field battle X-ray diagnosis vehicle in model of XCY2002-1/200 are expanded and new access are explored to cure patients with pancreatic and choledochal diseases in the field.

Objective To establish the suspension cell line of Atractylodes lancea and to study the effect of two endophytic fungal elicitors on its essential oil production.Methods The essential oil was extracted by using ultrasonic wave after suspension cell was treated with endophytic fungal elicitors.Then,the determination of four compounds(atractylone,hinesol,?-eudesmol,and atractylodin) was carried out by gas chromatography.Results By testing in various conditions,the suspension cell line with a rapid growth rate was established.Its highest biomass(6.95 g/L) was obtained on day 21.?-Eudesmol was the only detection in the control suspension cell,and its highest content(17.469 ?g/g) was also reached on day 21.The effect of crude elicitors of two endophytic fungi(belong to Cunninghamella sp.and Gilmaniella sp.respectively,named AL4 and AL12) on the cell growth and the production of essentia1 oil were investigated.Overall AL4 elicitor got better effect.When suspension cell of 14-day-old cultures was exposed to AL4 elicitor(carbohydrate 20 mg/L medium) for 7 d,the biomass increased 3.31% over the control,and the four compounds(atractylone: 14.715 ?g/g,hinesol: 28.395 ?g/g,?-eudesmol: 38.794 ?g/g,and atractylodin: 8.310 ?g/g) were all detected.Among them,the content of ?-eudesmol reached 2.22 times as much as the control.Conclusion The cell growth and the accumulation of essential oil of A.lancea could also be promoted by adding crude elicitors of the endophytic fungi AL4 and AL12.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have found that the basement membrane matrix can induced the chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels, but there is a wide gap between its mechanical properties and practical application, and further research is needed. OBJECTIVE:To prepare a suitable matrigel/chitosan scaffold that has appropriate mechanical properties and remarkable bioactivity for cartilage repair. METHODS: We selected genipin as cross-linking agent, and mixed Matrigel with cross-linked chitosan at different ratios (2:1, 1:1, 1:3). Then rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were seeded on different scaffolds and cultured for 14 days. The mechanical properties of materials were measured by DMA. Cel counting kit-8, FDA staining, ELISA kits and Alcian blue staining were used to measure the bioactivity of materials. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The storage modulus of scaffolds was raised from 0.48 kPa to 1.78 kPa with increase ratio of chitosan. Cels spread wel in the early period on al scaffolds, and then the cels on the chitosan scaffold showed reduced chondrogenic activity, but cels on the scaffolds with matrigel could maintain chondrogenic differentiation. The matrigel/chitosan scaffold at a ratio of 1:1 had appropriate mechanical properties and higher levels of colagen II and colagen X at 14 days. The prepared matrigel/chitosan scaffold with decent mechanical performance can promote the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels into chondrogenic lineages, which can be used in cartilage tissue engineering.

Objective To investigate the role of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) in the treatment of testicular cancer. Methods The clinical data of 39 cases (age range,20-58 years;median age,29 years) of germ cell tumor who underwent RPLND were retrospectively analyzed.Of the 39 cases,17 had the tumors on the left side and 22,on the right.One case was of seminoma,and the other 38 were of non-seminomatous germ cell tumor (NSGCT).According to the clinical examinations and radiology, 20 cases were of stage Ⅰ,15 of stage Ⅱ,and the rest 4 could not be staged. Results Of the 39 cases,10 with stage I tumors underwent nerve-sparing modified RPLND and the other 29 underwent bilateral RPLND.No metastasis was found in the dissected tissues in 22 cases,while metastasis,in 17 (including 4 of clinical stage I).All the patients with pathological metastases or elevation of blood tumor markers received postoperative chemotherapy.Follow-up was carried out for 1-149 months.The disease-free survival rate was 97.4%(38/39).Of the 10 cases receiving modified RPLND,8 regained their ejaculation function. Conclusions The probability of presence of the non-seminomatous components must be considered in the diagnosis and follow-up of seminoma cases,and the RPLND should be done if necessary.Nerve-sparing modified RPLND should be performed for clinical stage Ⅰ patients;while postoperative chemotherapy should be chosen for pathological stage Ⅱ patients.

Objective:To investigate the possible roles of the negative co-stimulation molecule PD-L(ligand) in the T-cell mediated immune response against tumor.Methods:Flow cytometric analysis was used to examine murine tumor cell line L929 expresses PD-L(L1 and L2).Anti-PD-L blocking monoclonal antibodies combined with injection i.p.of irradiated L929 into C57BL/6 mice was employed to sensitize the T cells of the animals.2 weeks after sensitization,mice were sacrificed,and splenocytes were prepared to perform the examinations of T cell proliferation,cytotoxic T cells(CTL) activity,and apoptosis through in vitro coculture with L929 in the presence of blocking PD-L antibodies.Results:The expression of PD-L1 by L929 was detectable,whereas there was no expression of PD-L2 on these cells.Application of blocking antibody against PD-L1 or PD-L2 together with irradiated L929 cells in the process of in vivo sensitization as well as in vitro stimulation,it was shown that blockade of PD-L1 significantly enhanced the T cell proliferation induced by L929 cells and the CTL activity against L929,evidenced by the increased apoptosis and death rate of L929 cells.In control,blockade of PD-L2 had small effects on these terms.Conclusion:The negative co-stimulation molecule PD-L1 plays a role in the escape of tumor cells from host T-cell mediated tumor immunity.Therefore,blockade of PD-L1 has potential significance for tumor immunotherapy.

Objective To discuss the clinical applied value of MSCT MPR in displaying the relation between periampullary diverticula(PAD) and pancreaticobiliary duct.Methods There were 32 patients with PAD found through the volume scans by MSCT, and proved by endosope or GI. The axial source images after being reconstructed were transmitted to Vitrea workstation for observation, and the images which were valid to show the relation between PAD and pancreaticobiliary duct were get.Results In 32 patient,34 PADs were found,22PADs located above the papilla , 7 located in the neck edge of diverticula , 4 were papilla in diverticula and 1 located below papilla .Conclusion MPR can clearly display PAD and pancreaticobiliary duct, their relation and pancreaticobiliary disease.

OBJECTIVE: To study the change of consumption of antibacterial agents especially the ceftazidime and its effect on drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA). METHODS: The consumption of the top ten antimicrobial agents in terms of cases/times of medication from 2005 to 2006 in a hospital and its correlation with the drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were analyzed. RESULTS: A linear correlation was noted between the consumption of ceftazidime and resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ceftazidime and another seven antimicrobial agents in the next quarter (P