Objective To review the research and development of nautical medicine both abroad and at home in the recent five years. Methods The research papers,reviews,reports and books both in Chinese and English concerning the nautical medicine were retrieved and searched,and the progresses,achievements and the development in this field were analyzed. Results The research in nautical medicine developed very rapidly as the improvement of the sailing technologies. Much achievement was made in recent five years in diving physiology and medicine,health services and medical prevention in maritime,search and rescue at sea,psychology of the mariners,and ergonomics in seafaring. Conclusion With much progress is in life saving appartues developments,disaster medicine at sea,research and development of marine drugs,and telemedicine at sea,the nautical medicine in China will support the Chinese Navy better in blue water.

Objective To explore the interfering effect of mucosal evolution on the budesonide treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps after endoscopic surgery (ESS). Methods 174 cases of type Ⅱ stage 3 and type Ⅲ chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps were randomly divided into experimental group (94 cases) and control group(80 cases). After ESS, budesonide was given to the experimental group (128 μg each side per day), but not to the control group. The comparison of mucosal edema, nasal pus accumulation, sinus meatal window, and epithelia of operation cavity were carried out respectively between two groups. Results 4 weeks later, class Ⅰ in experimental group was 46.8% (44/94), in control group was 30.0% (24/80) (P<0.05); 4 to 12 weeks later, the transfor-marion from class Ⅱ to Ⅰ in experimental group was 90.0% (45/50), in control group was 57.1% (32/56) (P<0.01); 12 weeks later, the total class Ⅰ in experimental group was 94.7% (89/94), in control group was 70.0% (56/80) (P < 0.01). The difference between 2 groups was of statistical significance. Conclusion Emphasizing the importance of integrated treatment after operation, ESS for the patients of sinusitis with nasal polyps was feasible, meanwhile, continuous use budesonide could alleviate mucosal edema, lessen conglutination, accelerate epithelia, and prevent recurrence of nasal polyps.

AIM: To determine the optimal operation method and reduce operative complications by retrospective analysis of outcomes of different operative manipulation for patients with congenital ectopia lentis ( CEL) .
●METHODS: A retrospective study ranged from Jan. 1, 2010 to Jan. 1, 2015 was conducted and 31 CEL patients (57 eyes) treated with different operations were taken into this study. The postoperative outcome, operation related complications was analyzed in terms of different operative manipulations.
● RESULTS: The most common types of CEL are idiopathic and Marfan - related CEL. All eyes ( 98%) benefited from operation except 1 Marchesani syndrome eye concurrent with optic atrophy induced by glaucoma. A total of 3 eyes ( 5%) were treated by phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation; 8 eyes ( 14%) were treated by phacoemulsification, capsular tension ring implantation combined with intraocular lens implantation, among these 8 eyes, 1 eye was treated with capsular tension ring implantation combined with suture fixation; 39 eyes ( 68%) were treated by lens excision and anterior vitrectomy through corneal incision combined with intraocular lens implantation with suture fixation, among these 39 eyes, 2 eyes were treated with trabeculectomy , but not combined with intraocular lens implantation; 5 eyes ( 9%) were treated by intracapsular cataract extraction and anterior vitrectomy combined with intraocular lens implantation with suture fixation; 2 eyes ( 4%) were treated by lens excision and vitrectomy through pars plana combined with silicon oil injection.
● CONCLUSION: Almost all patients can obtain satisfactory outcomes through various operative manipulations. Phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation was the first choice for patients with lens dislocation range less than 90°. Phacoemulsification, capsular tension ring implantation combined with intraocular lens implantation was recommended for 90° - 180°, and lens excision and anterior vitrectomy through corneal incision combined with intraocular lens implantation with suture fixation was more suitable for lens dislocation range more than 180°. The appropriate operative methods for different types of CEL patients is the key to success.

A total of twenty eight HSV isolates from the patients were typed by using HSV typespecific monoclonal antibodies (McAb). Comparison of typing results with McAb in three Sero-lminunological methods with molecular hybridization indicated 100% concordance in the results. But the typing rates were quite different among the various methods (ELISA 64%, IFA and EIA 82%, Hybridization 100%). The results demonstrate that the molecular hybrydization with HSV type-specific probes was highly sensitive and specific, and the method of EIA with HSV type-specific McAb was accurate, cheap, rapid and practical.

To establish a rat model of diabetes-associated cerebral ischemia due to qi and yin deficiency and blood stasis, and to investigate the effects of Radix Ginseng, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati and Rhizoma Polygonati Sibirici Granule (Shenxiong Yujing Granule), which has the function of strengthening qi, nourishing yin, and activating blood, on proliferation, differentiation and survival of neural cells in rats with diabetes-associated cerebral ischemia.

Objective To explore the influence of dose rate reference control level on the design of accelerator shielding.Methods According to the standards of GBZ 126-2011,GBZ/T 201.1-2007 and GBZ/T 201.2-2011,two different shielding calculation methods,based on the dose rate reference control level and week dose control level,were used to calculate and compare the thickness of accelerator room shielding.Results Under the same condition of maximum weekly workload,the obtained results were different when the calculated dose rate reference control value was larger than dose rate reference control level (2.5 μSv/h).The maximum difference of shielding thickness reached 64 cm.Meanwhile,considering dose rate reference control level,the different accelerator rates could lead to different radiation shielding thickness.Conclusions The dose rate at reference point must be first calculated before calculating shielding thickness.The calculation should be made on the premise that dose rate reference control level is met.

Objective To investigate the association between the three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in angiotensin Ⅱ type one receptor (AT1R) gene with coronary artery disease (CAD) in Chinese Han nationality.Methods Extracted DNA and RNA samples of peripheral blood white cells from 192 CAD patients and 189 healthy individuals in Jan 2011 to Oct 2013 from the general hospital of the PLA Rocket Force.Designed primes and the three SNPs as rs6801836,rs2675511 and rs5182 of AT1R gene were analyzed with allele-specific fluorogenic oligonucleotide probes in an assay combining extension and hybridization.Results The genotype and allele frequencies of the three SNPs were not significantly different between the control group and CAD group (x2 =0.047～2.226,all P＞0.05).The major haplotype constructed with linkaged rs6801836 and rs5182 was TT.The frequency of every haplotypes showed no significantly difference between the two groups (x2 =0.025～1.020,all P＞0.05).Conclusion The three polymorphisms of AT1R gene studied in this work showed no association with CAD susceptibility.

AIM: To investigate the effect of nitric oxid e (NO) and taurin on hemorrhagic shock /reperfusion injury. METHODS: Twenty-four rabbit s were divided randomly into 3 groups ( n= 8): control group and shock group and taurine group. The model of hemorrhagic shock/reperfusion was used. The activities of ni tric oxide synthase (NOS),superoxide dismutase(SOD),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)and the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA),nitric oxide pvoducts( NO - 2/NO - 3) in plasma were observed before shock and shock 1.5 h,reper fusion 1 h ,2 h and reperfusion 3 h. RESULTS: ①During shock/reperfusion, the ac tivities of NOS,LDH and the contents of MDA,NO - 2/NO - 3 were significan tly highe r, but the activity of SOD was significantly lower in plasma of shock group than that of before shock and shock 1.5 h. ②At 3 h reperfusion, the activity of NOS and the contents of MDA, NO - 2/NO - 3 were significantly higher,bu t the act ivity of SOD was significantly lower in the lung and heart of shock group than t hat of control group. ③ Taurine(40 mg?kg -1 ,iv) attenuated all the c hanges above mentioned at total time points of reperfusion. ④ A close correlation was shown between MDA content and NO - 2/NO - 3 content in plasma, lung and i n heart. CONCLUSION: These results suggeste that NO may be involved in oxida nt-mediated shock/reperfusion, antagonistic effect of taurine on hemorrhagic shock/reperfusi on injury may be relate d to decreasing the generation of NO and anti-lipoperoxidation.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in preoperative TNM staging of gastric cancer.Methods EUS and abdominal helical computed tomography (HCT) were performed one week before the surgery in 126 gastric cancer patients who would receive surgery to determine the depth of tumor invasion (T),lymph node metastasis (N) and distant metastasis (M) stage and which were also compared with pathologic TNM stage after surgery to evaluate the accuracy of EUS in TNM staging.Pairing x2 test was performed for data analysis.Results Compared with pathologic TNM stage after surgery,the accuracy of EUS in T1,T2,T3 and T4 staging of gastric cancer were 84.6％,14/18,82.0 ％ and 85.7％ respectively.The accuracy of EUSin N0,N1,N2 and N3 staging of gastric cancer were 74.2％,75.0％,57.9％ and 5/17 respectively.The accuracy of HCT in N0,N1,N2 and N3 staging of gastric cancer were 80.6％,75.0％,73.7％ and 12/17 respectively.The accuracy of EUS was similar to HCT in N0 and N1 stage.For N2 and N3 stage,HCT was obviously better than EUS (x2 =4.89,P=0.027; x2 =13.88,P＜0.01).The accuracy of EUS and HCT in M1 stage of gastric cancer were 36.4％ and 95.5％respectively,HCT was better than EUS in M1 determination (x2 =7.90,P=0.001).Conclusions The clinical application value of EUS in the preoperative gastric cancer T staging was high,however the accuracy in determining lymph node metastasis N2 and N3 staging and distant metastasis M staging should be improved.In order to acquire more accurate preoperative TNM stage to guide the treatment selection,the combination with HCT examination is necessary.

Good Agricultural Practice for Chinese Crude Drugs is one of the effective measures for protecting and developing resource of Chinese crude drugs..We analyzed the current situation of GAP,discussed its questions and development.