Poly-?-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB) produ c ing strain NS-82# which was isolated from the soil was identified to be Bacillus sp.The purified sample from fermentation was similar to t he standard sample produced by Aldric Chemical Company Inc after determinated wi th ultraviolet absorption,IR-absorption,gas chromatographiyc and nuclea r magnetic resonance analysis of polyesters.

Objective To analyze the influence of adenovirus latent infection on gamma-glutamylcysteine systhetase(γ-GCS) in rat alveolar epithelial cells. Methods The rat alveolar epithelial cells were stably transfected with the plasmid pE1Aneo and control plasmid. Glutathione(GSH) contents, the activity of γ-GCS were detected in oxidant stress. Then the leuel of protein expression, mRNA expression, and promoter transcriptional activity of glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit(GCLC) were further detected. Results GSH contents decreased because of adenovirus E1A expression in oxidant stress. E1A repressed the expression and activity of γ-GCS, messenger RNA expression, and promoter transcriptional activity of GCLC. Conclusion Adenovirus E1A decreased the activity of γ-GCS probably by repressed promoter transcriptional activity of GCLC. As a result, GSH contents were downregulated in oxidant stress. Thus Adenovirus latent infection amplified the oxidant/antioxidant imbalance in rat alveolar epithelial cells in oxidants stress, which may be an important mechanism of COPD.

OBJECTIVE:To improve the determination method for lincomycin hydrochloride eye drops so as to eliminate the interference of the bacterial inhibitor ethylparaben on the content of the main component.METHODS:The determination was performed by HPLC with phosphoric buffer (pH 6.8)-methanol (40∶ 60) as the mobile phase replacing the mobile phase of borax buffer (pH6.0)-methanol (4∶6) recommend in state chemicals standard technique (Method A).The contents of ethylparaben-contained sample and ethylparaben-free sample determined by HPLC were compared with those determined by Method A.RESULTS:There was no significant difference in the content of ethylparaben-free sample between the two determination methods,but the content of ethylparaben-contained sample determined by Method A was higher than both the labeled amount and that determined by the improved method.CONCLUSION:The improved method is applicable for the content determination of lincomycin hydrochloride eye drops.

AIM:To observe the influence of adenovirus latent infection on the oxidant/antioxidant balance in rat alveolar epithelial cells.METHODS:The rat alveolar epithelial cells were stably transfected with the plasmid pE1Aneo and control plasmid pneo.GSH and MDA contents,the activities of major anti-oxidative enzymes including SOD,CAT,GPx,GST and ?-GCS were detected in oxidant stress.RESULTS:Adenovirus E1A expression repressed the activity of ?-GCS,and decreased GSH contents in oxidant stress.As a result,the activity of GPx and GST was decreased.The contents of MDA maintained high in oxidant stress.CONCLUSION:Adenovirus latent infection amplifies the oxidant/antioxidant imbalance in rat alveolar epithelial cells in oxidants stress,and adenovirus E1A protein decreases the activity of ?-GCS,which plays an important role in this process.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of symptomatic vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and evaluate the effect of lumbar drainage of cerebrospinal fluid on vasospasm.Methods In this retrospective controlled-cohort study, 175 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage met our study criteria between January 2012 and December 2013.By multi-factor regression analysis, gender, age, Hunt-Hess grade, modified Fisher grade and lumbar drainage were analyzed.The outcomes were assessed by the presence or absence of symptomatic cerebral vasospasm and vasospasm-related infarction, and the mean days of hospital stay and score of Glasgow Outcome Scale at 1-month follow-up.Results Several factors affected the prognosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage.Lumbar drainage was a protective factor of symptomatic cerebral vasospasm (OR =0.243, 95％ CI: 0.119-0.497) and vasospasm-related infarction (OR =0.305, 95％ CI: 0.154-0.604).The patients with lumbar drainage had higher score of Glasgow Outcome Scale (P ＜ 0.05).But the patients with lumbar drainage had longer hospital stay (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Lumbar drainage of cerebrospinal fluid after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage markedly reduced the risk of symptomatic cerebral vasospasm and improved outcome.

Objective To observe the efficiency of immunotherapy on allergic rhinitis and explore irs correla- tive factors.Methods 185 patients with AR were treated with immunotherapy in this department between 1993 and 2003.Specific allergens were selected through skin test.The patients were given subcutaneous injections with al- lergen extract produced by Xiehe Hospital.The doses were gradually increased to the maintenance dose.The clinical effectiveness evaluation based on the symptoms and signs before and after immunotherapy was judged as marked, moderated and poor response.The possihie factors which affected the efficacy of immunotherapy were selected.These factors included sex,age,illness duration,disease condition,chronic sinusitis,asthma,duration of immunotherapy and reaction condition of the skin test.The correlative factors with efficacy were sifted with multifactorial stepwise re- gression analysis.Results The marked,moderated and poor responses were 22.9 %,51.7 %,and 25.4 % respective- ly.The efficacy of immunotherapy correlated well with the duration of immunotherapy(P

BACKGROUND:The homing ability of mesenchymal stem cells after transplantation can decrease along with culture and passage in vitro. And the decline of homing abilities can further influence the implantation of mesenchymal stem cells in the target tissue, thus seriously affecting the repair effect.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect and its related mechanisms by which in vitro culture and passage affect the homing ability of mesenchymal stem cells.
METHODS:Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from the bone marrow using Ficol density gradient centrifugation, and then purified using adhesion method. The mesenchymal stem cells were cultured into the seventh generations with the normal cultural condition, and the morphological features of the 3rd, 5th and 7th generations of mesenchymal stem cells were observed. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide chromatometry was used to detect the growth feature of the 3rd, 5th and 7th generations of mesenchymal stem cells, and the growth curve was drawn. Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of CXCR4, CXCR6, CXCL12, CD44 in the 3rd, 5th and 7th generations of mesenchymal stem cells, 2-△△Ct was calculated to get the relative value of each target gene, and the differences in expression of CXCR4, CXCR6, CXCL12, CD44 between different generations were compared.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Mononuclear cells could be obtained from the bone marrow by using Ficol density gradient centrifugation. High-purity mesenchymal stem cells could be obtained using adherent method. The ability of in vitro growing was strong, but fol owing the passage, the cellmorphology became wider and shorter. And the proliferation rate, the overal proliferated multiple and the expression of homing related factors decreased fol owing the passage. The expression of CXCR4, CXCR6, CXCL12 and CD44 of mesenchymal stem cells decreased fol owing the passage. The homing ability of mesenchymal stem cells was decreased fol owing the passage, and may be relevant with the lower expression of CXCR4, CXCR6, CXCL12 and CD44 in cultured mesenchymal stem cells.

Objective To evaluate the early clinical efficaoy of hybrid procedure for infants less than six months old with ventricular septal defect and coarctation of aorta.Methods From January 2010 to July 2011,20 patients with ventricular septal defect and coarctation of aorta received hybrid procedure in our center.The body weight was (4.5 ± 1.6) kg ( ranged from 1.9 kg to 6.5 kg) and the age was ( 56 ± 45 ) days ( ranged from 18 days to 6 months).The pressure gradient of the coarctation of the aorta ranged from 30 mm Hg to 56 mm Hg,5 patients of them were diagnosed as hypoplasty of aortic arch.The size of the ventricular septal defect ranged from 8 mm to 16 mm.Results The mortality was zero in all the 20 cases during the surgery,and the mobidity was 20％ (4/20).The complications were pneumonia in 2 cases,infective endocarditis in 1 case and pneumothorax in 1 case.The diameter of coarctation of the aorta ranged from 1.5 mm to 3.4 mm,and the size of the balloon ranged from 4 mm to 12 mm.The pressure gradient of the coarctation of the aorta decreased to 0 to 27 mm Hg.The bypass time ranged from 40 minutes to 87 minutes,and the crossclamp time of the aorta ranged from 20 minutes to 41minutes.The atrial septal defects were repaired and the patent ductuses were ligated during the surgery without leaving the sternum open.The total operation time was (4.0 ± 0.7 ) hours ( ranging from 3.0 hours to 5.2 hours).The mean ventilation time was (2.2 ± 1.4) days and mean ICU stay time was (5 ± 3 ) days.All the patients were followed up for ( 10.0 ± 3.6) months without aneurysm in arch and obstruction in airway.The residual obstructive pressurc gradicnt in the aortic arch ranged from 12 mm Hg to 35 mm Hg and 2 patients received reintervention.One patient received re-balloon dilation and the other received surgery.The cardiac function reached NYHA Ⅰ - Ⅱ in all eases.Conclusion The early outcome of the hybrid procedure (balloon dilation of the coartation of the aorta and surgical repair of ventricular septal defect) for infants with ventricular septal defect and coarctation of aorta was satisfying,which could avoid from circulatory arrest.It is a relatively safe procedure which could be the optional method for one-stage surgical repair.

BACKGROUNDCapsule endoscopy is a novel non-invasive method for visualization of the entire small bowel. The diagnostic yield of capsule endoscopy depends on the quality of visualization of the small bowel mucosa and its complete passage through the small bowel. To date, there is no standardized protocol for bowel preparation before capsule endoscopy. The addition of simethicone in the bowel preparation for the purpose of reducing air bubbles in the intestinal lumen had only been studied by a few investigators.

METHODSSixty-four participants were randomly divided into two groups to receive a bowel preparation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution (Group 1) and both PEG solution and simethicone (Group 2). The PEG solution and simethicone were taken the night before and 20 min prior to capsule endoscopy, respectively. Frames taken in the small intestine were examined and scored for luminal bubbles by two professional capsule endoscopists. Gastric emptying time and small bowel transit time were also recorded.

RESULTSSimethicone significantly reduced luminal bubbles both in the proximal and distal small intestines. The mean time proportions with slight bubbles in the proximal and distal intestines in Group 2 were 97.1% and 99.0%, respectively, compared with 67.2% (P<0.001) and 68.8% (P<0.001) in Group 1. Simethicone had no effect on mean gastric emptying time, 32.08 min in Group 2 compared with 30.88 min in Group 1 (P=0.868), but it did increase mean small intestinal transit time from 227.28 to 281.84 min (P=0.003).

CONCLUSIONBowel preparation with both PEG and simethicone significantly reduced bubbles in the intestinal lumen and improved the visualization of the small bowel by capsule endoscopy without any side effects observed.

Adult ; Aged ; Capsule Endoscopes ; Female ; Humans ; Image Enhancement ; methods ; Intestine, Small ; cytology ; drug effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Premedication ; methods ; Simethicone ; administration & dosage ; Surface-Active Agents ; administration & dosage ; Young Adult

To study the effect of cholesterol and 25-OH-cholesterol on cholesterol metabolism in HepG2 cells and the effect of coptisine (Cop) extracted from Coptidis Rhizoma (CR) in reducing and regulating cholesterol. In this study, TC, TG, LDL-c and HDL-c were measured by biochemical analysis; mRNA and protein expressions of LDLR, HMGCR and CYP7A1 were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. According to the results, cholesterol and 25-OH-cholesterol inducing could decrease in mRNA and protein expressions of LDLR and CYP7A1, so as to increase TC and LDL-c contents. However, Cop could up-regulate mRNA and protein expressions of LDLR and CYP7A1 and down-regulate that of HMGCR, so as to reduce TC and LDL-c levels. These findings suggested that Cop has potential pharmacological activity for reducing cholesterol, and may reduce cholesterol by regulating mRNA and protein expressions of key genes involved in cholesterol metabolism, such as LDLR, CYP7A1 and HMGCR. This study laid a firm theoretical foundation for developing new natural drugs with the cholesterol-lowering activity.
Berberine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Cholesterol ; metabolism ; Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; drug effects ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Receptors, LDL ; genetics ; metabolism ; Triglycerides ; metabolism