Objective To explore the influence of scaffolding instruction on improvement of professional self-concept for undergraduate nursing students in clinical practice.Methods 90 nursing students from 176 undergraduate nursing students were randomly sampled,and were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 45 students in each group.The experimental group took routine clinical practice and scaffolding instruction,students of the control group took routine clinical practice.After 1 week and 6 months,professional self-concept of the students of the two groups was measured by questionnaire.Results There were significant improvement in leadership ability,professional skills,flexibility,satisfaction,communication in the experimental group after 6 months,but this improvement was not found in the control group and after 1 week in both groups.Conclusions Scaffolding instruction can effectively improve professional self-concept for undergraduate nursing students in praxis.

Objective To compare the sensitivity and specificity of Leptospira interrogans using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and real-time PCR technology, then looking for a rapid,sensitive and specific methods for the detection of Leptospira interrogans. MethodsIn accordance with lipL41 gene from Leptospira interrogans, primers for LAMP and real-time PCR were designed and used to detect Leptospira interrogans in cultured 15 reference strains of 15 serogroups in China, then compared the sensitivity and specificity of the two methods in the detection of Leptospira interrogans. ResultsThe LAMP reaction could be completed within 30 min, and whole process of it less than 60 min. The whole real-time PCR reaction could be finished at about 60 min. Both of them had the same detection sensitivity and specificity,the lower detection limits in the reactions was approximately 100 copies and there was no false positive occurred. ConclusionBoth LAMP and real-time PCR were time-saving and had the same sensitivity and specificity. But LAMP reaction could be done under a constant temperature conditions, and need not a special expensive equipment. Therefore, as a sensitive and specific method for quantifying Leptospira interrogans,the LAMP assay was more rapidly and convenient than conventional methods.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between glycemic control and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods The patients with type 2 diabetes taking oral antidiabetic agents only were investigated for their levels of blood glucose and lipid profile.With a standard for valid blood glucose control( HbA1c ＜7％ ),the patients were divided into two groups,reached the goal group and not reached the goal group,and the lipid profile was compared between the two groups.Results Completed study had been obtained 173 patients,average HbAlc,7.9％,total success rate of glycemic control,with 43.4％ being the figure reported.We can see a lower triglyceride( TG),total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) level and a higher high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level in the group reaching the stantard ( t =- 2.437,- 2.067,2.005,- 2.984,P =0.016,0.040,0.047,0.003).Conclusion The blood lipid profile should be considered while the level of glucose of patients with type 2 diabetes taking oral antidiabetic agents alone are controlled.

Objective To evaluate the effect of staged repair for tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) associated with pulmonary artery hy- poplasty.Methods From June 1996 to June 2006,37 patients with TOF were operated on.There were 26 males and 11 females. Their age was 5 months to 17 years(mean 3.6 years) and weight was 4.6～38.0 kg.All patients were diagnosed as TOF with pulmo- nary artery hypoplasty by cardiac catheterization.The mean pre-operative arterial saturation of the patients was (68.2?6.5) %,Mc- Coon ratio was 0.95?0.26 (0.81～1.17) and Nakata index was 82.7?21.6(71.6～97.5) mm~3/m~2.At the time of the first surgi- cal procedure,17 patients underwent central aortopulmonary shunt,13 patients received modified Blalock-Taussig shunt in the left side and 7 patients had modified Blalock-Taussig shunt in the right side.Results There were no easly operative deaths and no late deaths after the first stage repair.Pleural effusion after shunt occurred in 5 patients.The mean arterial saturation was significantly increased to (91.3?10.4) %,P

Objective To investigate the effect of carbon monoxide(CO) on hydrogen sulfide(H_2S)/cystathionine-?-lyase system(CSE) in vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC) of spontaneous hypertensive rats(SHR).Methods The SHR VSMC were divided into 2 groups:experimental group(hemin was added to the culture media at a concentration of 10 ?mol/L)and control group (dimethyl sulfoxide was added to the culture media at an equal volume).The content of H_2S in the cultrue media was measured by sulfide electrode method,and the CSEmRNA level was assayed by competitive reversed transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results Compared with control group,the content of H_2S in the culture media of hemin-treated SMCs was significantly lower[(16.03? 2.14) ?mol/L vs (13.31?1.74)?mol/L],and the CSEmRNA level in hemin-treated SMCs was decreased markedly(0.17?0.04 vs 0.13?0.03).Conclusion CO can down-regulate the H_2S/CSE system in SMC of SHR.

Objective To investigate the effect of nitric oxide on hydrogen sulfide/ cystathionine-?-lyase(CSE) system in the vascular smooth muscle cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR).Methods The SHR aortic smooth muscle cells(SMCs) were divided into 2 groups: sodium nitroprusside(SNP) group and control group.The content of hydrogen sulfide in the culture media was measured by sulfide electrode method,and the CSE mRNA level was assayed by competitive reversed transcription-polymerase chain reaction((RT-PCR)).Results Compared with control group,the content of hydrogen sulfide in the culture media of SNP group was significantly higher [(16.16?3.71) ?mol/L vs(22.71?4.84) ?mol/L],and the CSE mRNA level in SMCs in SNP group was lower than that of control group.Conclusion Nitric oxide exerted complicated effect on the hydrogen sulfide/CSE system in the SHR smooth muscle cells.J Appl Clin Pediatr,2006,21(3):140-141

Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; therapeutic use ; Cardiomyopathies ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Moricizine ; therapeutic use ; Tachycardia ; complications ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To explore the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on ?-aminobutyric acid B receptor (GABA_BR) subunits during recurrent febrile seizures (FS).Methods Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats aged 21 days were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (37.0 ℃ water,n=8), FS group (45.2 ℃ water,n=8), FS + SNP group (45.2 ℃ water,n=8), FS+L-NMMA group (45.2 ℃ water,n=8). FS rats were induced 10 times in a warm-water bath, once every 2 days. The plasma level of NO was detected by the spectrophotometer. The expressions of GABA_BR subunit mRNA and c-fos gene were examined by in situ hybridization. The expressions of GABA_BR subunit and Fos protein were observed by immunohistochemistry. Results The plasma level of NO increased in FS + SNP group while decreased in FS+L-NMMA group compared with that in FS group. The expressions of GABA_BR_2 were down-regulated in FS+SNP group, while GABA_BR_1 hardly changed compared with those in FS group. In FS+L-NMMA group, both the expression of GABA_BR_2 and GABA_BR_1 up regulated compared with those in FS group. The expressions of c-fos gene and Fos protein were significantly enhanced after recurrent FS. SNP elevated the expressions of c-fos gene and Fos protein, while L-NMMA down regulated the expressions of them.Conclusion NO may play a regulatory role through modulating GABA_BR function in the pathogenesis of recurrent FS.

Objective To explore the influence of ?-aminobutyric acid B receptor(GABA_BR)on carbon monoxide (CO)/heme oxygenase(HO-1)system during recurrent febrile seizures (FS).Methods Sprague-Dawley rats aged 21 days were randomly divi- ded into 4 groups:control group and FS group,FS+baclofen group,FS+phaclofen group.FS in rats were induced 10 times in a bath of warm water, once every 2 days.The plasma level of CO was detected by the dual wave lengh spectrophotometer;the expressions of GABA_BR and HO-1 mRNA were examined by insitu hybridization;the expressions of GABA_BR and HO-1 protein were observed by immunohistochemistry.Results The plasma level of CO increased in FS+baclofen group,while decreased in FS+phaclofen group compared with FS group.The expressions of GABA_BR and HO-1 upregulated in FS+baclofen group,while decreased in FS+phaclofen group compared with FS group.There were significant difference (All P

Objective To explore the relationship between dynamic changes in ultra-micro-structural of pulmonary arteries and endogenous hydrogen sulfide in rats with left-right shunt.Methods Rats in shunt group were subjected to an abdominal aorta-inferior vena cava shunt to create an animal model of pulmonary artery structural remodeling. After 1 day, 3 days, 1 week, 4 weeks and 8 weeks of experiment, the ultra-micro-morphologic changes of pulmonary arteries of rats were observed under electronic microscope and H_2S concentration in serum was evaluated by modified sulfide electrode method.Results The changes of ultra-micro-structure of pulmonary arteries were progressively exacerbated, endothelial cells became swollen and large in size on 3 days, smooth muscular cells increased in size as well as the change of endothelial cells in 1 week, and they changed from contractile phenotype to synthetic phenotype in 4 weeks.Conclusions Shunt exhibited changes of ultra-micro-structure of pulmonary arteries are accompanied by the changes of endogenous H_2S. It is suggested that endogenous H_2S might play a protective role in changes of ultra-micro-structure of pulmonary artery.