Objective To determine the optimal volume of plasma that should be used to perfuse through the portal vein (PV) to washout preservation fluid in retrograde reperfusion during liver transplantation.Methods The clinical data of S0 patients who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) using retrograde reperfusion via the inferior vena cava (IVC) in our hospital from January 2011 to October 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into two groups based on the volume of plasma infused via the PV to flush out the preservation fluid.Group 1:27 patients who received 400 ml,and Group 2:23 patients who received 1 200 ml.The preoperative and intraoperative data of the two groups were compared and analyzed.The serum concentrations of K+,Na+,Ca2+,mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pH were continuously monitored in the transplant recipients at different time points during liver transplantation.In addition,for patients in Group 2,the serum K +,Na + and Ca2 + concentrations in the samples of effluent fluid from the liver grafts were collected via the anastomotic stoma of the infrahepatic IVC and measured after infusion of 200 ml,400 ml,600 ml,800 ml,1 000 ml,or 1 200 ml of plasma.Results There were no significant differences in the preoperative and intraoperative data between the two groups.The plasma concentration of K + in Group 1 was significantly higher than that of Group 2 at 1 min after PV revascularization (T3) [(4.31 ± 0.54) mmol/L vs (3.96 ± 0.58) mmol/L,P ＜ 0.05],while the pH was significantly lower in Group 1 than that of in Group 2 (7.26 ± 0.02 vs 7.30 ± 0.04,P ＜ 0.05).The plasma Na + and Ca2 +concentrations,as well as the MAP,were not significantly different between the two groups at this time point.In group 2,no significant changes were observed in Ca2+ concentration in IVC blood following perfusion of 200 ml plasma.The insignificant changes in Na + after perfusion of 400 ml of plasma and for K + after 800 ml of plasma (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The electrolyte concentrations,blood pressure and arterial blood pH were fairly normal after resuming flow with PV revascularization after a perfusion volume of 800 ml of plasma.This volume was the most appropriate perfusion volume,balancing its effectiveness with economy to wash out any UW solution during OLT using retrograde reperfusion.

[Objective]To study the best time for infusing antibiotics as prophylaxis against infection in hip arthroplasty.[Method]Ninty cases of hip arthroplasty were divided into 6 groups randomly with 15 cases each.Ampicillin(UNASYN,1.5g) and cefuroxime axetil(Zinacef, 2.0g) was administered by intravenous infusion respectively one day or one hour before operation or 30 minutes after the operation began.Blood samples from peripheral vein,cancellous bone of acetabulum when reaming,medullary canal of femur when rasping and catheter right after the operation were harvested.Serum Bactericidal Activities(SBAs) were determined by minim dilution technique and were compared between the groups.[Result]SBAs of UNASYN and Zinacef are similar to the bacteria most commonly causing infection after prosthesis implantation such as staphylococcus.Percentage at SBA≥1:8 of UNASYN and Zinacef is significantly more at the beginning of operation and when reaming acetabulum than the other groups(P

Objective To observe clinical therapeutic effect of transcutaneous electrical point stimulation (TEPS) on scapulohumeral periarthritis of adhersion type. Methods Criteria of standardized diagnosis and assessment of therapeutic effects were adopted, various treatment parameters were fixed, and pain of shoulder and activity of shoulder joint were taken as observed indexes, TEPS and electroacupuncture (EA) were applied respectively in the treatment of 194 cases of scapulohumeral periarthritis of adhersion type. ResultsTEPS and EA had a similar good therapeutic effect, with the total effective rat 96.9% and 97.9% separately. TEPS could improve both pain index and activity of shoulder joint. Conclusion TEPS is a better therapy for scapulohumeral periarthritis of adhersion type, with ease of administration.

AIM:To identify the optimal extraction of anti-asthma active protein from fresh Earthworm(Eisenia foetida).METHODS:Extraction time,extraction solvent and pH were selected as influencing factors.90 quinea pigs were randomly divided into 9 groups(control,montelukast,low temp,room temp,acidic buffer extract,alkaline buffer extract,aqueous extract,neutral buffer extract,powder earthworm group).Anti-asthma effciency was compared among groups.extraction time,saturation of ammonia sulfate buffer volume were selected as factors of orthogonal design.RESULTS:The optimal extraction for anti-asthma protein was at 4 ?C,adding 2 fold volume of pH 6.8 buffer phosphate,homogenating,standing and extracting for 3 hours,taking the supernataut and centifuging,salting out with 80% ammonia sulfate,suspecting with 20 mmol/L,pH6.8 buffer phosphate.So Earthworm protein was gained from the clear supernatant.CONCLUSION:The extraction technique may keep its original activity.

Adult ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone ; blood ; urine ; Diving ; physiology ; Helium ; Humans ; Male ; Oxygen ; beta-Endorphin ; blood ; urine

Objective: To investigate the effects of 1,25(OH)_(2)D_(3) on renal interstitial fibrosis in rats.Methods: Male SD rats(7 weeks old) were divided into 4 groups at random: ①the treatment group(6 rats): Unilateral ureteric obstruction(UUO)+1,25(OH)_(2)D_(3) 3 ng/100 g body wt/day intraperitoneally(I.P),②the control group(6 rats): UUO + ethanol by I.P,③UUO group(6 rats),④sham operated group(6 rats).Kidneys were harvested at day 7 after UUO.Fibrosis was assessed by measuring tissue hydroxyproline content.Tissue NF-?B expression was determined by RT-PCR. Results: UUO for 7 days significantly activated NF-?B,induced interstitial fibrosis in obstructed kidneys in the control group and UUO group compared with sham operated group rats.Conversely daily administration of(1,25(OH)_(2)D_(3)) significantly inhibited NF-?B expression,inflammatory cell infiltration and decreased interstitial fibrosis in obstructed kidneys in the treatment group. Conclusion: 1,25(OH)_(2)D_(3) had beneficial effects on interstitial fibrosis in SD rats with UUO,and this effect may be associated with 1,25(OH)_(2)D_(3) inhibits NF-?B expression and inflammatory cell infiltration.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination therapy of Endostar and oxaliplatin plus S-1 ( SOX regimen) in patients with advanced Primary carcinoma of the liver. Methods 32 advanced primary liver cancer patients admitted from February 2012 to August 2014 were assigned to SOX regimen as systemic chemotherapy: oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 iv d1; S-1 (80 ~ 120 mg, twice-daily) for 14 days; 150 mg Endostar which was dissolved in 210 mL normal saline for 120 h durative transfusion. Treatment was repeated every 21 days. Objective clinical efficacy and adverse effect was assessed every 2 cycles. Serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) level was also monitored according to the schedule. Results All 32 patients were available to be assessed, the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) ,the clinical benefit response rates (CBR), 1 year survival rate was 15.6%, 46.9%, 56.3%, 58.3% respectively. The serum AFP respond rate was 19.4%. Major adverse effects were myelosuppression and fatigue , mostly graded at 1 ~ 2. There were no treatment-related death. Conclusions These preliminary results suggest that continuous intravenous pumping of Endostar combined with SOX regimen could provide survival benefits with tolerable adverse effects.

Objective To analyze the initial response rate of radiotherapy and chemotherapy,and the influence of different treatment modalities on pmgnnsis of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma(NHL)of the nascl cavity.Methods From January 1993 to December 2002,70 patients were confirmed by histopathology as NHL,including 52 T cell origin,2 B cell and 16 NK cell.The main radiotherapy portal was set in front of the nose with a spade like protrusion,supplement with a portal next to the ear on one side or both sides.Combined portal in facial cervical area was first used when there was invasion of the oropharynx.The median dose to the nasal cavity wag 54.0 Gy with a range of 336 to 66 Gy,given before or during after radiotherapy or alone,consisted of 2-6 cycles chemotherapy of COP,CHOP or COBDP.Prognostic factors were analyzed with Cox model. Results The local control rates was 12.5%, 66.7% and 74.0% in chemotherapy alone,radiotherapy alone,and chemotherapy plus radiotherapy.The 5-year survival rate Wag 12.5%,50.0% and 62.0%,respectively(P＜0.05).Multifaetor analysis showed that tumor extension and treatment methods were the most important prognostic factors besides Ann-Arbor stage,but gender,pathology,age and symptoms had little effect on prognosis.Conclusion Chemotherapy plus radiotherapy group achieved a better survival rate than radiotherapy alone.For some NHL patients with good financial condition,APBSCT is a good choice.

Background Aheration of eyeball wall caused by ocular axial extension is associated with multiple complications of high myopia.However,the study on quantitative analysis of choroidal thickness and axial length in adult high myopic patients is less.Objective This study was to investigate the choroidal thickness in high myopic eyes of adult patients and estimate the correlation of choroidal thickness with axial length,age,and spherical equivalent(SE).Methods A prospective cohort study was designed.Seventy-five eyes of 75 adult patients with high myopia were entrolled from December 2012 to May 2013,and 70 eyes of 70 age-and gendermatched healthy volunteers were included in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University.Enhanced depth imaging (EDI)on Cirrus spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was used to measure the choroidal thickness from the outer border of the retinal pigment epithelium through the inner scleral boarder among the 11 meridians in a 500 μm intervals and range of 2 500 μm for each from fovea toward temporal and nasal lateral.The differences of choroidal thickness and axial length were compared between the high myopia group and normal control group,and the correlation of choroidal thickness with axial length,age,SE were analyzed.Results The subfoveal and mean choroidal thickness values were (146±52) μm and (142±63) μm in the high myopia group,and those in the normal control group were (306±60) μm and (271 ±71) μm,with significant differences between the two groups (t =-17.130,P=0.000; t=-15.890,P=0.000).Choroid was thickest in the temporal and then was subfovea and nasal in the high myopia group,but in the normal control group,it was subfovea,temporal and nasal in turn,and the choroidal thicknesses in various areas were thinner in the high myopia group than those in the normal control group.A negative correlation was found between the choroidal thickness and axial length in high myopia group(r =-0.580,P =0.000),and the regression equation determined a decrease of 17.943 μm per millimeter of axial length.Conclusions SD-OCT determines that choroidal thickness is decreased in highly myopic eyes compared with normal eyes.Choroidal thickness varies with the change of axial length in adult high myopia patient.These findings indicate that abnormalities of the choroids may play a role in the pathogenesis of complication of high myopia.

Objective To explore the effect of pre-hospital nursing intervention in the new regional cooperative rescue model on treatment delay and the therapeutic effect in patients with myocardial infarction.Methods From January 2012 to May 2014,158 patients with acute myocardial infraction (AMI) were selected.Patients were divided into two groups,intervention group and control group,The first medical contact to balloon(FMC-to-B) time,referral time,cardiac function were analysed.Results Mean FMC-to-B time [(94±21)min vs.(102±23) min],referral time in nursing intervention [(5±3) min vs.(9±4) min)] were significantly shorter than those in control group (t=2.14,6.67,P＜0.05).After a month compared with control group,LVEF was increased [(54.8±6.9)％ vs.(48.8±6.9)％],and LVED was deceased [(50.1±8.2) mm vs.(50.5±5.6)mm] in intervention group.Conclusions Pre-hospital nursing intervention can decrease the FMC-to-B time,which could improve the cardiac function.