OBJECTIVE: To establish a controllable management system for clinical pharmacy so as to ensure its quality.METHODS: The clinical pharmacy work was programmed by applying classical PDCA management.RESULTS: By using PDCA cycle,the working system and standards for clinical pharmacists were able to be set up and the performance of clinical pharmacists could be evaluated so as to be preliminarily approved by the clinic.CONCLUSION: The PDCA management can be applied in the clinical pharmacy as well as in the management of hospital pharmacy.

Biomarkers ; Disease Susceptibility ; Humans ; Pneumoconiosis ; etiology

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord ; pathology ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; pathology ; Spine ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Because of lots of ethical problems,military medical triage has been unaccepted by general doctors.But it's adopted by American Army in front of facts of the war.The main principles of the military medical triage are justice and efficiency.They practice the military medical triage through tow steps.First,all patients are assigned into urgent,immediate ,delayed,minimal or ambulatory and expectant status in decreasing order of medical urgency.Second,choosing the model of triage depends on nonaustere,austere or extreme conditions.The ethical issues of American military medical triage focus on four aspects - how to deal with minimally injured patient treatment first,how to treat expectants,how to care for noncombatant casualties and who decide the model of triage.

Humans ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have found that the basement membrane matrix can induced the chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels, but there is a wide gap between its mechanical properties and practical application, and further research is needed. OBJECTIVE:To prepare a suitable matrigel/chitosan scaffold that has appropriate mechanical properties and remarkable bioactivity for cartilage repair. METHODS: We selected genipin as cross-linking agent, and mixed Matrigel with cross-linked chitosan at different ratios (2:1, 1:1, 1:3). Then rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were seeded on different scaffolds and cultured for 14 days. The mechanical properties of materials were measured by DMA. Cel counting kit-8, FDA staining, ELISA kits and Alcian blue staining were used to measure the bioactivity of materials. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The storage modulus of scaffolds was raised from 0.48 kPa to 1.78 kPa with increase ratio of chitosan. Cels spread wel in the early period on al scaffolds, and then the cels on the chitosan scaffold showed reduced chondrogenic activity, but cels on the scaffolds with matrigel could maintain chondrogenic differentiation. The matrigel/chitosan scaffold at a ratio of 1:1 had appropriate mechanical properties and higher levels of colagen II and colagen X at 14 days. The prepared matrigel/chitosan scaffold with decent mechanical performance can promote the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels into chondrogenic lineages, which can be used in cartilage tissue engineering.

ObjectiveTo enrich and quantitatively analyze peripheral circulative carcinoma cells by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) in colorectal cancer patients.MethodsBlood samples, preoperatively collected from 21 patients with colorectal cancer and 9 healthy volunteers, were labeled by anti-cytokeratin (CK) with magnetic microbeads, and passed through magnetic columns; CK +carcinoma cells were separated from the samples, and quantified by flow cytometry.ResultsCK +CD45 -cells could not be detected from the samples without MACS; in the sample undergoing MACS, the concentrations of CK +CD45 -cells were significantly higher in patient group than in control group(P

OBJECTIVE:To determine the concentration of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride in human plasma by LC/MS. METHODS:The separation of sample was performed on Zorbax Eclipse XDB C18 with diphenhydramine used as the internal standard.The mobile phase was a mixture of methanol-water(10mmol?L-1 NH4Ac plus 0.1% acetic acid)(55∶45) with a flow rate of 0.2mL?min-1.The column temperature was set at 30℃.The atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry(APCI-MS) were adopted with pseudoephedrine m/z =166.1 and diphenhydramine m/z =242.3.RESULTS:The linear concentration range for pseudoephedrine was 3.2～408.96ng?mL-1(r=0.999 0) with lowest detection limit at 3.2ng?mL-1.The average recovery was 98.21% with both the intra-day RSD and the inter-day RSD at less than 13%.The stability of pseudoephedrine was stable.CONCLUSION:The method is of high sensibility and accuracy,and it can be used for blood concentration monitoring pharmacokinetic study of pseudoephedrine.

0.05).CONCLUSION:Mecobalamin and buflomedil hydrochloride are more economic than alprostadil,while mecobalamin more economic than bu?flomedil hydrochloride.

Objective To investigate the clinical results, indications and choices of surgical treatment of minimally invasive internal fixation by cannulated compression screws in the treatment of femoral neck fractures. Methods The authors retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 83 patients with femoral neck fractures treated by minimally invasive internal fixation by AO cannulated screws. Results According to the Garden classification, the patients comprised 12 cases of type I, 39 cases of type II, 23 type III and 9 type IV. The mean time from injury to surgery was 63.4 hours, the mean operation time was 65.7 min, the mean intraoperative blood loss was 64 ml and the mean hospital stay was 7.7 days. No wound infection, deep venous thrombosis of leg, pulmonary embolism or breakage of internal fixation occurred. No patients died. Follow-up observation ranged 12～48 months, with a mean of 31.3 months. Normal bone union was obtained in all the cases. Postoperatively, shortening of femoral neck took place in 4 patients (4/83, 4.8%) and different degrees of osteonecrosis happened in 7 patients (7/83, 8.4%). The mean postoperative Harris hip score was 94.6. Conclusions Minimally invasive internal fixation by cannulated compression screws for femoral neck fractures may be an effective alternative. This method is indicated for Garden I/II fractures without displacement in patients above 65 years old, or any types of femoral neck fractures in patients below 65 years old.