The authors first give a detailed account of the background against which humanistic medicine came into being and then expound the connotations of humanistic medicine. These include the following aspects. The first one is humanism and the humanistic spirit. The second one is humanistic medicine and the three implications it embodies. The authors argue that humanistic medicine, taken as the science of benevolence, ought to regard the patient as the unity of three aspects, physiological, psychological and social. The third one is medical humanity, viz. medical humanity is indispensable to the advancement from physiological medicine to humanistic medicine. As to what disciplines are involved in medical humanity, no final conclusion has yet been reached on this matter so far.

OBJECTIVE:To find out the regulareity of adverse reactions(ADRs)induced by oral Penicillins(QMSK)and evaluate the safety of QMSK in clinical use.METHODS:Data of ADRs of QMSK,which collected from published articles were retrieved from CHINESE PHARMACEUTICAL ABSTRACT issued between January1995and April2003.According to the given standard,the data were statistically analysed.RESULTS:There were334cases which had24kinds of ADRs of QMSK,of which,121cases were male while213cases were female.There were drug eruption in249cases(74.55%),allergic shock34(10.18%),exfoliative dermatitis9(2.7%)and toxic epidermalnecrolysis7(2.1%),miscellaneous reactions31(8.97%)and5(1.5%)deaths.CONCLUSION:QMSK caused ADRs apparently.QMSK should be used according to penicillins for injections and safe of patients should be ensured in use of QMSK.

The core of the ethical and legal issues in the treatment and recovery of patients with mental disorders is the balance between public security and individual interests. In the treatment and recovery of patients with mental disorders, it is imperative to adhere to the principles of respecting basic hmnan rights and respecting the freedom, dignity, equality and rights of the individual, protect the privacy of the patient, stick to the combination of hospital recovery and community recovery, and strictly define the boundary between willing treatment and unwilling treatment. The aim is to promote the recovery and return of patients to society. At the same time, it is necessary to put issues of mental hygiene in China on the demestic legislative agenda and set up a specialized multi-level legal system of mental hygiene.

In the new economic situation for the new requirements for traditional Chinese medicine innovation talents cultivation, in view of the relevant medical education at home and abroad experience and many years of exploration in our school, we suggest that in the curriculum construction and development of the national institutions of higher learning of Chinese medicine, the experiment teaching of traditional Chinese medicine should be extended by popularizing college students' exploring experiment and innovative experiment and establishing the combined mechanism between the excel-lent students and excellent teachers. We also put emphasis on developing five abilities, which include the ability of structuring own knowledge system, the ability of acquiring useful knowledge and aban-doning other, the ability of logical reasoning and critical thinking skills, the ability of professional in-terest and innovation, and the ability of expressing themselves and communication skills.

Targeted therapy is the most prospective part of the research related to the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). After epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)gene is expected to become a new target in the treatment of NSCLC. Moreover,several related resear-ches suggest that ALK inhibitor(crizotinib)is effective for treatment of ALK-rearranged NSCLC. Therefore,it is important to review the detection method of ALK gene,clinicopathologic features and the research progress of ALK inhibitor for the individual treatment of NSCLC.

This paper describes the biological characteristics of human and mouse adrenal cortical carcinoma cell lines and presents research progress made in rat and bovine primary cultured adrenal cortical cells.The effect of angiotensin Ⅱ,potassium,adrenocorticotropic hormone and cAMPon different adrenal cortical cell lines were compared and analyzed,regarding the differences of steroid hormone secreted.The article suggests that it is necessary to develop and establish some ideal adrenal cortex cell models for furtherstudying the mechanisms of steroid hormone synthesis and secretion.

Objective To investigate the localization and distribution of the five endocrine cells in the digestive tract mucosa of ricefield eel(Monopterus albus). Methods Using immunocytochemical technique of strept avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex(SABC) were used. Results At least 5 kinds of immunoreactive endocrine cells distributed in the digestive tract mucosa of M.albus. They were gastrin(Gas),somatostatin(Som),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),insulin(Ins),and neurofilament (NF) immunoreactive endocrine(IRE) cells.Gas and Som-IRE cells distributed between stratified squamous epithelium and goblet cell in esophagus. A large number of Gas-IRE cells were found between gastric fundus epithelium and gastric glands, and only a few in the carcia. Ins, 5-HT and NF-IRE cells distributed in the epithelium pylorus and pyloric glandular tube respectively. No any immunoreactive positive reaction was found in the gut of M.albus.In addition, immunoreactive positive reaction of glucagons was not found in whole digestive tract.All immunoreactive endocrine cells were dark brown in color.Their morphology was irregular, cytoplasmic process was shorter and thicker, their nucleus showed an empty bubble.They distributed between esophageal epithelium and gastric epithelium or glandular epithelium, and cytoplasmic process extended to the gastric lumen and glandular cavity.Conclusion There is a complex endocrine function of the digestive system in ricefield eel (M.albus) at the lowest vertebrate.

AIM:To investigate the changes of apoptosis and activation of I??-? induced by vinblastine via the blockage of caspase-3 signal transduction pathway, and to explore the possible mechanism of signal transduction pathway involving in the vinblastine-induced apoptosis. METHODS: The breast cancer cell lines Bcap37 were treated with different concentrations of vinblatine dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) or caspase-3 inhibitor (DEVD-CHO, 100 ?mol/L) for 3 h. The changes of the proliferation were detected by MTT methods. The apoptosis was determined by observing the internucleosomal DNA cleavage and PI staining, and the proteins of pro-caspase-3 and I??-? were detected by Western blotting methods. RESULTS: The results showed that vinblastine induced the pro-caspase-3 degradation. The significantly attenuation of vinblastine-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cell line by caspase-3 inhibitor DEVD-CHO was verified by MTT assay, internucleosomal DNA cleavage and flow cytometry PI staining analysis. The IC50 was 56.8 ?mol/L and 87.4 ?mol/L respectively for two groups. The inhibition of vinblastine-induced phosphorylated degradation of I??-? was also observed by DEVD-CHO. CONCLUSION: Based on these finding, vinblastine induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells via NF-??/I?? signal transduction pathway, which is co-operated by caspase signal pathway. Through the blockage of caspase pathway with caspase-3 inhibitor, vinblastine-induced apoptosis and the phosphorylated degradation of I??-? in breast cancer cells are suppressed greatly.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of lamivudine and adefovir in the treatment of patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis . Methods 90 cases of patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis of the liver decompensation period from August 2013 to June 2015 in our hospital were researched.According to the random number table method divided into observation group and control group , each of 45 cases, the total course of treatment was one year.The observation group was treated with lamivudine combined with adefovir dipivoxil , control group was treated with lamivudine.The clinical effect, the indexes of liver function, the changes of HBV-DNA and Child-pugh score were compared between the two groups after treatment.Results After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group ( 93.33%) was obviously higher than that of control group (48.89%), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), the observation group alanine amino acid, total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase were (71.23 ±21.32)U/L, (28.32 ±4.65)Umol/lL, (4.65 ±9.25)U/L, they were significantly lower than control group (111.54 ±16.25)U/L, (46.53 ±4.89 ) Umol/L, ( 4.89 ±12.11 ) U/L, the observation group albumin ( 39.82 ±2.62 ) g/L was significantly higher than control group (35.55 ±2.22)g/L, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), after treatment, the observation group hepatitis b HBV DNA levels, Dhild pugh score (2.78 ±0.45)log10 copies/mL, (6.12 ±1.23) were significantly lower than the control group (3.89 ±0.65)log10 copies/mL, (7.89 ± 1.21)scores, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).Conclusion The combination of lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil significantly decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis has a curative effect, it could effectively improve the patient's liver function, Dhild-pugh score, HBV-DNA level.

[Objective] To investigate and discuss if there are special syndromes,same disease but different syndromes and same syndrome but different diseases in the different gastric ulcer rat models.[Methods] Based on reports,we select fourmethods-stress,antifani,apoplon,and alcohol to make gastric ulcer model simultaneously,and set up the normal and control groups.Then we use the standardized and quantified four diagnostics and differentiation methods for mice,which are established to examine and appraise the above models in an objective,dynamic and quantified way.[Result] First,different mice models have different syndromes,such as in the water immersion model,damage to Qi blood Yin and Yang was slight and recovered quickly.The anti-fani model,with typical syndromes of cold in the stomach,is a compound model of Qi,blood,Yin and Yang deficiency;second,there exists syndrome evolution in the disease diversity stage in the same rat;moreover,significant syndrome difference exists for the same disease in different rat.For example,on the second day after the alcohol was given to the rats,there was Yin deficiency,or abundance of Qi,or deficiency in both Yin and Yang to the different individual.Thirdly,as for same syndrome but different disease,similar syndromes appear on the same stage in different diseases,as well as the similar syndrome appear on the different stage in different diseases.For instance,the anti-fani model and the apoplon model have similar syndromes of cold in the stomach,Qi deficiency,Yin and Yang deficiency.[Conclusion] There exist respective syndromes in different gastric ulcer mice models.We can infer that to put into practice"treating the same disease with different methods"and"treating different diseases with same method"will help improve the curative effect.