This paper describes the biological characteristics of human and mouse adrenal cortical carcinoma cell lines and presents research progress made in rat and bovine primary cultured adrenal cortical cells.The effect of angiotensin Ⅱ,potassium,adrenocorticotropic hormone and cAMPon different adrenal cortical cell lines were compared and analyzed,regarding the differences of steroid hormone secreted.The article suggests that it is necessary to develop and establish some ideal adrenal cortex cell models for furtherstudying the mechanisms of steroid hormone synthesis and secretion.

Targeted therapy is the most prospective part of the research related to the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). After epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)gene is expected to become a new target in the treatment of NSCLC. Moreover,several related resear-ches suggest that ALK inhibitor(crizotinib)is effective for treatment of ALK-rearranged NSCLC. Therefore,it is important to review the detection method of ALK gene,clinicopathologic features and the research progress of ALK inhibitor for the individual treatment of NSCLC.

In the new economic situation for the new requirements for traditional Chinese medicine innovation talents cultivation, in view of the relevant medical education at home and abroad experience and many years of exploration in our school, we suggest that in the curriculum construction and development of the national institutions of higher learning of Chinese medicine, the experiment teaching of traditional Chinese medicine should be extended by popularizing college students' exploring experiment and innovative experiment and establishing the combined mechanism between the excel-lent students and excellent teachers. We also put emphasis on developing five abilities, which include the ability of structuring own knowledge system, the ability of acquiring useful knowledge and aban-doning other, the ability of logical reasoning and critical thinking skills, the ability of professional in-terest and innovation, and the ability of expressing themselves and communication skills.

OBJECTIVE:To find out the regulareity of adverse reactions(ADRs)induced by oral Penicillins(QMSK)and evaluate the safety of QMSK in clinical use.METHODS:Data of ADRs of QMSK,which collected from published articles were retrieved from CHINESE PHARMACEUTICAL ABSTRACT issued between January1995and April2003.According to the given standard,the data were statistically analysed.RESULTS:There were334cases which had24kinds of ADRs of QMSK,of which,121cases were male while213cases were female.There were drug eruption in249cases(74.55%),allergic shock34(10.18%),exfoliative dermatitis9(2.7%)and toxic epidermalnecrolysis7(2.1%),miscellaneous reactions31(8.97%)and5(1.5%)deaths.CONCLUSION:QMSK caused ADRs apparently.QMSK should be used according to penicillins for injections and safe of patients should be ensured in use of QMSK.

The core of the ethical and legal issues in the treatment and recovery of patients with mental disorders is the balance between public security and individual interests. In the treatment and recovery of patients with mental disorders, it is imperative to adhere to the principles of respecting basic hmnan rights and respecting the freedom, dignity, equality and rights of the individual, protect the privacy of the patient, stick to the combination of hospital recovery and community recovery, and strictly define the boundary between willing treatment and unwilling treatment. The aim is to promote the recovery and return of patients to society. At the same time, it is necessary to put issues of mental hygiene in China on the demestic legislative agenda and set up a specialized multi-level legal system of mental hygiene.

The authors first give a detailed account of the background against which humanistic medicine came into being and then expound the connotations of humanistic medicine. These include the following aspects. The first one is humanism and the humanistic spirit. The second one is humanistic medicine and the three implications it embodies. The authors argue that humanistic medicine, taken as the science of benevolence, ought to regard the patient as the unity of three aspects, physiological, psychological and social. The third one is medical humanity, viz. medical humanity is indispensable to the advancement from physiological medicine to humanistic medicine. As to what disciplines are involved in medical humanity, no final conclusion has yet been reached on this matter so far.

Objective To investigate the localization and distribution of the five endocrine cells in the digestive tract mucosa of ricefield eel(Monopterus albus). Methods Using immunocytochemical technique of strept avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex(SABC) were used. Results At least 5 kinds of immunoreactive endocrine cells distributed in the digestive tract mucosa of M.albus. They were gastrin(Gas),somatostatin(Som),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),insulin(Ins),and neurofilament (NF) immunoreactive endocrine(IRE) cells.Gas and Som-IRE cells distributed between stratified squamous epithelium and goblet cell in esophagus. A large number of Gas-IRE cells were found between gastric fundus epithelium and gastric glands, and only a few in the carcia. Ins, 5-HT and NF-IRE cells distributed in the epithelium pylorus and pyloric glandular tube respectively. No any immunoreactive positive reaction was found in the gut of M.albus.In addition, immunoreactive positive reaction of glucagons was not found in whole digestive tract.All immunoreactive endocrine cells were dark brown in color.Their morphology was irregular, cytoplasmic process was shorter and thicker, their nucleus showed an empty bubble.They distributed between esophageal epithelium and gastric epithelium or glandular epithelium, and cytoplasmic process extended to the gastric lumen and glandular cavity.Conclusion There is a complex endocrine function of the digestive system in ricefield eel (M.albus) at the lowest vertebrate.

Objective To investigate the impacts of psychosocial factors on the development of breast cancer.Methods Thirty-seven patients with confirmed breast cancer and 37 healthy women were enrolled in this study to complete psychological assessment,including ENRICH marital inventory,Life Event Scale(LES),Social Support Rate Scale(SSRS),and Trait Copying Styles Questionnaire(TCSQ).Results In comparison with the healthy controls,the patients experienced more stress events and negative response,and lowered quality of marriage over the last 5 years.The logistic regressive analyses indicated that the important contributors to breast cancer were stress events,objective social support and negative coping styles.Conclusion Stress events,insufficient access to available psychosocial support and negative responses are important risk factors of breast cancer in women.

Objective We aim to investigate the association between peptidylarginine deiminase type 4 (PADl4) and colorectal cancer by genotyping threetag single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNP) genetic maker, to explore the role of polymorphism of PAD14 gene in development of colorectal cancer. Methods A case-control study was conducted using TaqMan-PCR methods to analyze the genotypes of three TagSNPs such as rs1886302, rs2477131 and rs1635561 for 515 patients with colorectal cancer and 549 health controls. Results There is significantly different in allelic frequencies and genotype frequencies of rs1886302 between cases and controls (P=0.039 and 0.040,respectively). The OR value of A allele and AA genotype is 0.796 and 0.731,respectively,and A allele may reduce the probability of incidence of colorectal cancer. No association Was found among SNPs of rs2477131 and rs1635561 within intronl and intron 15 in terms of coloretal cancer. Conclusion Rs1886302 on PADI4 might be a susceptible SNP to coloretal cancer.

Objective To investigate the association between promoter polymorphisms of interferon-alpha receptor-1 (IFNAR1) gene and the treatment response to interferon-alpha (IFN-α) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods Sixty-one CHB patients who consented to receive IFN-a therapy were enrolled in this study. The subjects were treated with recombinant IFN-α2b 500 MU intramuscular injection qod for 48 weeks. The treatment responses were monitored.Meanwhile, the promoters of IFNAR1 gene in these patients were sequenced. Measurement data were analyzed by t test and enumeration data were analyzed by Chi square test. Results Twenty-two treated patients achieved complete response. Eight patients achieved partial response and 31 had no response. Polymorphisms were identified in the promoter of IFNAR1 gene, which included C/T substitution at locus -408, C/T substitution at locus-3 and GT microsatellite repeat sequence at locus-77 [-77(GT)n]. The three polymorphisms were in linkage and composed some haplotypes,such as - 408C/-77(GT)5/-3C. The response rate to IFN-α in CHB patients with genotypes -408C/-77(GT)5/-3C, -408C/-77(GT)5/-3C, and-408C/-77(GT)5/-3C, non -408C/ - 77(GT)5/-3C in IFNAR1 gene promoter was higher than that in patients with genotype non -408C/-77(GT)5/-3C, non-408C/- 77(GT)5/- 3C (61. 0% vs 25. 0%, x2=6. 961, P =0.008). Conclusions CHB patients with genotype-408C/ - 77(GT)5/ - 3C, -408C/-77(GT)5/-3C and -408C/ -77(GT)5/ -3C, non -408C/ -77(GT)5/-3C in the promoter of the IFNAR1 gene are prone to have better response to IFN-a treatment. Polymorphisms in the promoter of IFN-αgene are associated with the treatment response to IFN-α in CHB patients.