Child ; Humans ; Neck Muscles ; abnormalities ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Torticollis ; congenital ; physiopathology ; therapy

Skeletal muscle is an important tissue of the human body .Besides the roles in the motion system , the respiratory system, and the circulatory system , skeletal muscle also can be a secreting tissue and participate in signal transduction .As the finding of satellite cell and its muscle formation , the viewpoint that skeletal muscle′s injure is irreversible has becoming an history .Using sat-ellite cells to form muscle can be used to treat injury of skeletal muscle .However , the process is affected by many factors , such as ex-tracellular matrix, regulation factors, age, disease, epigenetic and so on.This paper summarizes the latest study progress of satellite cell muscle formation .

Objective To investigate effect of tiotropium bromide combined with formoterol on oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in peripheral blood in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods 80 elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from our hospital were selected and divided into conventional group and experimental group, conventional group on the basis of conventional therapy was treated with salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder for inhalation with 2 suction per times, 2 -3 times per day for 14d.Experimental group was treated with tiotropium bromide spray combined with formoterol fumarate powder for inhalation with 2 suction per times, 2-3 times per day for 14 d.7 d for a period of treatment, after 2 courses of the treatment, changes of clinical signs, blood gas levels, peripheral blood oxidative stress products and lipid peroxidation and inflammatory factors were compared before and after treatment.Results Compared with conventional group,the recovery time were shorter(P<0.05) ,and blood gas levels, peripheral blood oxidative stress products and lipid peroxidation, inflammatory factors were lower(P<0.05). Conclusion Tiotropium bromide combined with formoterol can significantly reduce airway hyperresponsiveness, inhibit inflammation, relieve clinical symptoms.And the drug resistance is low, the side effect is small, the clinical curative effect is ideal, may be the clinical treatment effective plan, and has the vital significance.

Child ; Humans ; Tuberculosis ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective:To observe the anatomic characteristics of supratubal recess and the morphological change of it in the sick ear. To investigate the relation between the morphological changes of supratubal recess and otitis media.Method:Using high resolution CT to observe and measure the supratubal recess of the normal ears and the ailing ones.Result:For the normal adults, the anteroposterior diameter of the supratubal recess is(3.83±1.28)mm,the vertical diameter(3.67±1.14)mm,the height(3.76±0.36)mm;and the length of the cog is(2.84±0.38)mm.The size of the supratubal recess showed no significant difference between left and right(P＞0.05).There was no relationship between the size of the supratubal recess and pneumatization of mastoid cells (P＞0.05).There was significant differences in size of the supratubal recess between normal ears and the ears with cholesteatoma(P＜0.05),but there was no relationship between the size of the supratubal recess and pneumatization of mastoid cells(P＞0.05)in the ears with cholesteatoma.There was no significant differences in size of the supratubal recess between normal ears and the ears with chronic otitis media(P＞0.05).In the ears with cholesteatoma,40% had osseous destruction in supratubal recess.Conclusion:For the normal adults, the size of the supratubal recess showed no significant difference between left and right, and there was no relationship between the size of the supratubal recess and pneumatization of mastoid cells. Anterior tympanic isthmus , posterior tympanic isthmus and supratubal recess which is the supplement of the formers constitute the air way between attic and mesotympanum. The supratubal recess of the cholesteatoma is smaller than the normal, when the eustachian tube dysfunction occurs, the air way in the middle ear would herein be affected, and cholesteatoma forms eventually. There was no significant differences in size of the supratubal recess between normal ears and ears with chronic oti-tis media, as in the clinic.The effect of the supratubal recess should be taken into account when we consider the pathogeny and treatment of the middle ear cholesteatoma.

Six nucleosides and base components in Four products of Mycelia of cultivated Cordyceps were determined. The comparison of extraction solvents and recovery test of the adenosine components were emphasized. The effective extraction-rate by water,as an extraction solvent, was higher than that by 50% alcohol. The addition of 0. 1% sodium azide into water could not only preserve putrefaction,but also make a contribution to the stability of nucleoside components in the liquid sample. When the extraction was carried out by ultrasonic at room temperature,the recovery rate of the added sample was 99. 8%.

Objective] To trace the source of the original state of acupoints from classical TCM acupuncture documents, exposing breakthrough direction of acupuncture acupoints study. [Method] Based on classical TCM acupuncture documents, tease the interrelated thesis of factors concerning concept, origin, position, function and attribution of acupoints, explore the location and function of acupoints, and define the breakthrough direction of acupuncture acupoints study. [Result] In classical TCM acupuncture documents, the description to acupoints position is sketchy, while to that of function is in detail and develops continually. The function of acupoints concerns acupoint selection and correct position, on the other hand, it is closely related with application methods, concerning acupuncture time, Qi and blood function, acupuncture reinforcing and reducing, and stimulating amount, and other many factors;whether“bringing about the desired sensation”is very important to exert acupoints function. [Conclusion] Acupoints have many attributes, i.e. the location reflecting physiological condition, pathological state, disease treatment; just the different reactions of acupoints to physiological and pathological conditions, continual exploration and study, summarization and generalization, and repeated practice to functions of acupoints, promote the constant development of acupuncture science and clinic; the original state study of acupoints shall be the breakthrough direction of acupuncture acupoints research.

Melatonin has a significant inhibitory effect on various cancers,especially on breast cancer.In estrogen receptor (ER)-positive human breast cancer,anti-cancer effects ofmelatonin on breast cancer cells and transplanted tumors mainly achieve by suppressing ER mRNA expression and ER transcriptional activity via the MT1 receptor.In addition,melatonin regulates the transactivation of other members of the nuclear receptor super-family,estrogen metabolizing enzymes,and the expression of related genes.Furthermore,melatonin also suppresses tumor aerobic metabolism,critical cell-signaling pathways relevant to cell proliferation,survival,metastasis,and drug resistance.Melatonin demonstrates both cytostatic and cytotoxic activity in breast cancer cells that appears to be cell-type specific.Studies on animal and human models indicate that disruption of the circadian nocturnal melatonin signal promotes the growth,metabolism,and signaling of human breast cancer,resulting in invalid hormone therapy and chemotherapeutic resistance in breast tumors.

The review summarized the diagnostic strategy of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases and introduced some progress in clinic.As ischemic cerebrovascular diseases were highly heterogeneous,the review analyzed their characteristics step by step.Through the primary diagnosis,etiological diagnosis,evaluation of risk factors and factor analysis of the whole body,the review describe the diagnostic program of the diseases and provide suggestion about the individually therapy and prevention.

Moyamoya disease is a tare intracranial angiopathy resulting in symptoms and prognosis similar with the stroke,if not diagnosed and treated early.The article reviews the characteristics,pathogenesis,treatment and prognosis of Moyamoya disease.Clinicians should be aware of this disease in routine work,so that the patients with Moyamoya disease can be early diagnosed and treated to avoid disability or death.