Acinetobacter Infections ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Acinetobacter baumannii ; Child ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Cross Infection ; drug therapy ; Hospitals ; Humans

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Fungi ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ; diagnosis ; Lung Diseases, Fungal ; diagnosis ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; standards ; Risk Factors ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Because of anatomical and physiological characteristics and imperfect of function in liver,children are more susceptible to liver injury and even severe liver disease after severe systemic infection or extra-hepatic viscera infections.This kind of liver injury is recommended called as severe infection related liver disease in children.At present,there is lack of a large sample clinical research for the incidence of children.This paper will show the ana tomical and physiological characteristics of liver in children and extend to the major pathogenesis and liver pathology of this disease,and highlight the clinical diagnosis and classification,as well as comprehensive treatment,which expected to help clinicians in understanding the disease and clinical management.

Objective To study the value of plasma D-dimer ＜ 500 μg/L level in diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism occurred in patients.Methods The clinical data of the patients with pulmonary embolism confirmed by imaging examination with plasma D-dimer levels ＜ 500 μg/L admitted from January 1st 2008 to June 30th 2011 were analyzed retrospectively.Results Totally,there were ten pulmonary embolism patients with plasma D-dimer levels ＜ 500 μg/L.The 10 eligible patients were assessed for the possibility of pulmonary embolism by using the Wells score (i.e.Wells clinical pretest probability prediction model).Of them,0 cases was evaluated as low clinical pretest probability (grade ＜2),7 cases as moderate clinical pretest probability (grade 2 ～6) and 3 cases as high clinical pretest probability (grade ＞ 6).Conclusions Pulmonary thromboembolism was easily misdiagnosed for lacking specific clinical manifestations and the missed diagnosis in patients caused high mortality,so it was difficult to exclude acute pulmonary embolism simply depending on the D-dimer levels ＜ 500 μg/L.Therefore,in case of plasma D-dimer levels less than 500 μ g/L,the possibility of pulmonary embolism cannot be ruled out in patients with moderate or high Wells clinical pretest probability.

Objective:To compare the social adaptability of Chinese and Japanese children Method:306 preschool children in Xi'an and 215 Japanese children were sampled The research instrument was the Infant-Junior Middle School Social Adaptive Capacity Scale Result:In the six fields of social adaptability, Chinese children had lower scores than Japanese children, except for that of sports Conclusion:Chinese preschool children have lower social adaptive capacity, which may be due to the overprotective attitude of Chinese parents or grandparents

0.05).Both SBP and DBP were declined significantly in both two groups(P0.05).Heart rate decreased from (81?9)b/min to (68?7)b/min in bisorpolol group.But there wasn't this effect in contrast group.It was superior to that of contrast group significantly too(P

Objective To investigate the cause, prevention and the treatment of postoperative complication of the placement of percutaneous portcatheter system Methods Retrospective analysis of 18 cases with different postoperative complications of the placement of percutaneous portcatheter system. Results 18 patients developed different postoperative complications, including skin necrosis in 2 cases(discard to use 2 cases), incision infection in 3 cases(discard to use 2 cases), incision split in 3 cases(discard to use 1 case), pipe obstruction in 4 cases(discard to use 1 case), pipe moving in 3 cases, incision hemorrhage in 2 cases, pump inversion in 1 case. After all, 12 cases of complicafions were cured. Conclusions Skin necrosis and incision infection are serious postoperative complication of the placement of percutaneous portcatheter system that lead to discard the percutaneous portcatheter system discard to use.

Gastrointestinal bleeding in children is a potentially life threatening medical emergency requiring an appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approach.The causes of hemorrhage are numerous and varies with age.The clinical presentation of gastrointestinal bleeding in children ranges from asymptomatic microcytic anemia to hypovolemic shock.Therefore,the primary focus in a child with gastrointestinal bleeding is rapid assessment,stabilization,and resuscitation followed by a diagnostic modalities.

Objective To investigate the effects of special siRNA targeting TLR4 gene (TLR4-siRNA) on hyperoxia-induced secretion of inflammatory factors from human alveolar epithelial cell line A549.Methods Human alveolar epithelial cell line A549 was purchased from Chongqing Children Hospital and cultured in six-well tissue culture plates and randomly divided into 4 gorups:A549 cells + ambient air group (group C) ; A549 cell + hyperoxia group (group H); A549 cells transfected with TLR4-siRNA + hyperoxia group (group TR) and A549 cells transfected with control-siRNA + hyperoxia group (group NR).TLR4-siRNA and control-siRNA were transfected into A549 cells through lipofectamine 2000.The efficiency of transfection was assessed by detection of FAM expression using flow cytometry.The cells were exposed to 95％ O2-5％ CO2 delivered at 1 L/min for 30 min in groups H,TR and NR.TLR4 mRNA and protein expression was detected by RT-PCR and cytometry respectively.The NF-κB activity in A549 cells was measured by EMSA and the IL-6 and IL-8 levels in supernatant were determined by ELISA.Restults Hyperoxia significantly up-regulated TLR4 mRNA and protein expression and increased NF-κB activity in cells and IL-8 and IL-6 concentrations in supematant in group H as compared with group C.Transfection with TLR4-siRNA significantly attenuated hyperoxia-induced up-regulation of TLR4 mRNA and protein expression and increase in NF-κB activity in the cells and IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations in supernatant in group TR as compared with group H,but transfection with control-siRNA did not.Conclusion TLR4-siRNA could significanly inhibit hyperoxia-induced secretion of inflammatory factors from human alveolar epithelial cell line A549.