Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of 18 F?FDG PET/CT in untreated small cell lung cancer ( SCLC) . Methods A total of 49 SCLC patients( 35 males, 14 females, median age 61 years) with pathologically confirmed SCLC had underwent 18 F?FDG PET/CT scan before treatment from January 2008 to December 2013 and were retrospectively analyzed in this study. Clinical staging were mainly deter?mined by 18 F?FDG PET/CT scan. Performance status ( PS) was acquired according to the clinical symptoms before PET examination. Patients were followed up for at least 6 months and the survival interval was recor?ded. Two?sample t test, Kaplan?Merier, log?rank and Cox regression analysis were used for statistical analy?sis. Results (1)Among 49 patients, 20 died during the follow?up, 1 patient was lost to follow?up, and 45 patients(91.84%) had metastasis. Patients with limited disease (LD) and extensive disease (ED) were 27 and 22 respectively according to 18F?FDG PET/CT imaging. (2)The median OS was 23.68 months and me?dian PFS was 19.93 months. LD patients had significantly longer OS and PFS than ED patients (35.30 months vs 12.57 months, 28.87 months vs 11.30 months;χ2=18.810, 13.647, both P<0.05). (3)SUVmax of primary tumor ranged from 1.97 to 21.50. The SUVmax of primary foci had no difference between LD(8.27± 3.14) and ED(9.68±5.36)patients(P>0.05). SUVmax of primary tumor showed no significant correlation with OS and PFS (both P>0.05).There were no significant differences in OS and PFS between low SUVmax group and high SUVmax group in both LD and ED patients (χ2=0.001-0.565, all P>0.05). (4) Staging based on 18 F?FDG PET/CT results and PS score were independent prognostic factors ( hazard ratios:3.93, 5?00, both P<0.05) , while SUVmax showed no significant prognostic value. Conclusions PS score before PET scan and imaging staging based on 18 F?FDG PET/CT results are independent prognostic factors. The predictive value of primary foci SUVmax needs further investigation.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Exercise Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Diseases ; therapy ; Sprains and Strains ; therapy ; Young Adult

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of urinary kallidinogenase combined with sodium ozagrel for cerebral infarction (CI), and provide references for clinical rational drug use. Methods Retrieved from Cochrane library, PubMed, CBM, FMJS, VIP, Wangfang database and CNKI ( published until January 2015), randomized controlled trails (RCT)about urinary kallidinogenase combined with sodium ozagrel for treatment of CI were included,then methodological quality were evaluated and statistical analysis of those studies were carried out by Rev Man 5.3.4 software. Results 19 RCTs were included,involving 1 747 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed that urinary kallidinogenase combined with sodium ozagrel could significantly improve total effective rate[RR= 1.18, 95%CI(1.13, 1.23), Z= 7.97, P<0.000 01], cure rate[RR = 1.42, 95%CI(1.23, 1.64), Z= 4.86, P<0.000 1], neurological deficit scores[MD= -4.40, 95%CI(-5.36, -3.43), Z= 8.90,P<0. 000 01] and activity of daily living scores[MD = 19.14, 95%CI(17.39, 20.90), Z = 21.36, P<0.000 01]. Conclusion Urinary kallidinogenase combined with sodium ozagrel was effective in the treatment of CI, and no significant adverse reactions were observed. The combination therapy was worthy of clinical application.

UNLABELLEDObjective: In order to assess the integrative cardiopulmonary function after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD), we used symptom limited maximum cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).

METHODSAll 59 patients diagnosed stable CAD by coronary angiography and echocardiography from August to December of 2014 in our hospital, were divided two groups. PCI group, 31 patients received PCI and drugs. Control group, 28 patients received drugs therapy only. All patients performed CPET before and after the treatment.

RESULTSAll patients safely completed CPET without any complications. The control group, all functional parameters were unchanged (P > 0.05). PCI group, the anaerobic threshold, peak oxygen uptake and peak oxygen pulse increased significantly (P < 0.05) from baseline,but not for others (P > 0.05). For individual analysis, PCI group had higher rates of increase (≥ 10% of baseline) in both peak oxygen uptake and peak oxygen pulse than those of control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCPET is an objective, quantitative, safe and effective method to evaluate the clinical therapeutic efficiency. PCI can improve the integrative cardiopulmonary function in CAD patients.

Anaerobic Threshold ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease ; surgery ; Exercise Test ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Oxygen ; Oxygen Consumption ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Based on force sensing resistor (FSR) sensor, we designed insoles for pressure measurement, which were stable and reliable with a simple structure, and easy to wear and to do outdoor experiments with. So the insoles could be used for gait detection system. The hardware includes plantar pressure sensor array, signal conditioning unit and main circuit unit. The software has the function of data acquisition, signal processing, feature extraction and classification function. We collected 27 groups of gait data of a healthy person based on this system to analyze the data and study pressure distribution under various gait features, i.e., walking on the flat ground, uphill, downhill, up the stairs, and down the stairs. These five gait patterns for pattern recognition and classification by K-nearest neighbors (KNN) recognition algorithm reached up to 90% accuracy. This preliminarily verified the usefulness of the system.
Algorithms ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Foot ; Gait ; Humans ; Pressure ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Software ; Walking

Background Intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) can effectively eliminate central vein occlusion macular edema and improve visual acuity, and photopic negative response (PhNR) can reflect the inner retinal function of RGCs and their axons. It is possible there is a correlation between these two observations.Objective This study was to evaluate the changes of PhNR of flash electroretinogram (F-ERG) after intravitreal injection of TA for macular edema in central retinal vein occlusion ( CRVO ). Methods Thirteen eyes of 12 patients with macular edema caused by CRVO received an injection of 0. 1 ml (4 rg) of TA. PhNR,visual acuity and retinal thickness of macular area were assessed with Roland RETI scan 3. 15 system,decimal visual chart and Stratus optical coherence tomography (OCT) before and 4 weeks after the administration of TA. Written informed consent was obtained from each subject before any medical procedure. Results Visual acuity was improved in 12 eyes and stable in 1 eye 4 weeks following the intravitreal injection of TA. OCT showed that the retinal thickness of the macular area was reduced ;meanwhile,elevation of the amplitude of PhNR also was seen in the F-ERG after the administration of TA in comparison with before the administration of TA. The calculated results determined that the visual acuities were 0. 32t0. 12 and 0. 48±0. 09 (t=6. 325 ,P=0. 000) ,and the retinal thickness values of the macular area were (459.46± 131.31 ) μm and ( 297.54 ±43.31 ) μm ( t = 5.961, P = 0. 000 ), and the average amplitude of PhNR were ( 80. 23±22.96 ) μV and (61.28 ±20. 16 ) μV ( t = 4. 438, P = 0. 001 ) before and after the intravitreal injection of TA, respectively,showing significant differences. No significant correlation was found between PhNR amplitude and retinal thickness of the macular area both before and after the administration of TA ( before: r = 0. 587, P = 0. 035; after:r=-0. 011 ,P = 0. 971 ). Conclusion PhNR can be used for evaluating the status of inner retina after intravitreal injection of TA for macular edema of CRVO.

Background Sweep pattern visual evoked potential (SVEP) is an objective method of visual test.There is a clear correlation between SVEP acuity and subjective vision,but they are not identical.Recent studies showed that new regression method can improve the accuracy of SVEP acuity. Objective This trial was to investigate and compare the outcome between amplitude-spatial frequency (A-SP) regression method and amplitudelogVA (A-logVA) regression method in extrapolating the SVEP acuity.Methods SVEP was recorded in 113 eyes of 64 subjects using GT-2000 ( Guo Te,China) with the gratings of 10 different spatial frequency from 0.99 to 12.89 cpd as stimulus.The 1 13 eyes included cataract,glaucoma,corneal disease,optical neuropathy,retinal disease,ocular trauma,refractive error and normal eyes.The correlation were analyzed of SVEP acuity,decimal visual acuity and LogMAR visual acuity.The response were averaged and DFT on the monitor display.SVEP acuity was calculated by extrapolating 0 response amplitude.Results The correlation indices of decimal visual acuity curves obtained by the A-logVA function was 0.663,and that obtained by the A-SP function was 0.705.The positive correlation was seen between subjective decimal visual acuity and A-logVA decimal visual acuity (r =0.540,P＜ 0.01 ) and between subjective decimal acuity and decimal acuity calculated by the A-SP regression method (r=0.620,P＜0.01 ).SVEP decimal acuity calculated by the A-SP function regression method was significantly different from the that calculated by the A-logVA function regression method (Z =-8.688,P＜0.01 ).And the correlation indices of LogMAR visual acuity curves obtained by the A-logVA function was 0.733 and that obtained by the A-SP function was 0.715.The positive correlation was found between the subjective LogMAR acuity and that calculated by the A-SP regression method (r=0.700,P＜ 0.01 ) and between the subjective LogMAR acuity and LogMAR acuity calculated by the A-logVA regression method (r=0.710,P＜0.01 ).SVEP LogMAR acuity from A-SP function regression method was significantly different from the LogMAR acuity from A-logVA function regression method (Z=-8.748,P＜0.01 ).No significant differences of VA LogMAR were found in gender,eyes,type of disease and age(x2 =2.171,P=0.338;x2 =0.976,P=0.614;x2 =6.032,P=0.420;x2 =14.720,P=0.257 ).Conclusions SVEP can obtain the visual outcome in human.The amplitude-logVA function regression method is more accurate in extrapolating SVEP acuity.

Electronic case report forms (eCRFs) instead of the traditional paper case report forms (pCRFs) are increasingly used by investigators and sponsors of clinical research. We include a total of 14 phase III studies (8 pCRF, 6 eCRF) to compare paper and electronic data documentation both quantitatively and qualitatively in clinical studies. The result suggests that adaptions of electronic data capture (EDC) in clinical trials have the advantages in optimization of data capture process, improvement of data quality and earlier clinical decision compared to paper-based methods. Furthermore, the successful implementation of EDC requires accouplements with corresponding data management processes and reallocation of resources.
Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic ; Data Collection ; methods ; Information Storage and Retrieval ; methods ; Medical Informatics

Objective To discuss the effects of pressure control (PC) and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) incremental method lung recruitment maneuver (RM) on haemodynamics in piglets with acute lung injury (ALI) induced by paraquat (PQ) poisoning. Methods The ALI/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) model was reproduced by intraperitoneal injection of 20% PQ (20 mL) in 10 healthy female piglets, and they were randomly divided into PC lung RM group (RM1 group) and PEEP incremental method lung RM group (RM2 group), with 5 piglets in each group. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and cardiac index (CI) were monitored by pulse-indicated continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) monitoring before model reproduction (baseline), on the time of successfully set up of model and at 5, 15 and 30 minutes after RM. At the same time the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) were recorded, and oxygenation index was calculated. Lung tissues were collected before model reproduction, on the time of successfully set up of model, and at 30 minutes after RM respectively, and pulmonary pathology changes were observed after hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining under light microscopy. Results The HR, MAP, and PaCO2 on the time of successfully set up of model in both groups were increased obviously while CI, PaO2, and oxygenation index were decreased obviously as compared with those at baseline, all of which conformed to the expression of ALI/ARDS. With RM time extended, the HR in both groups was declined while MAP and CI were increased gradually. The HR and MAP at 5 minutes after RM of RM1 group were significantly lower than those of the RM2 group [HR (bpm): 126.8±5.2 vs. 134.0±3.8, MAP (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 98.4±3.3 vs. 102.8±2.6, both P < 0.05]. The CI at 5 minutes and 15 minutes after RM of RM1 group was significantly higher than that of the RM2 group (mL·s-1·m-2: 56.7±5.0 vs. 46.7±6.7, 65.0±5.0 vs. 56.7±5.0, both P < 0.05). PaO2 and oxygenation index at 5 minutes after RM in both groups were significantly higher than those on the time of sucessfully set up of model. The PaO2 and oxygenation index were gradually decreased, and PaCO2 was increased with RM time extended, but no statistically significant differences at all time points were found between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The lung tissue in both groups showed a variety of pathological changes at 30 minutes after RM. The main performances were the loss of alveolar epithelial cells, the further wideness of alveolar interval and the distension of alveolar, and the part breakage of alveolar interval. The wideness of alveolar interval was more significant in RM2 group than that of RM1 group, and alveolar cleft was more common too. Conclusion Both PC and PEEP incremental method lung RM can improve the oxygenation of the piglets with ALI/ARDS induced by PQ, and the PC lung RM has less impact on haemodynamics.

BackgroundSweep pattern visual evoked potential(SPVEP) acuity,as an objective detective technique of visual function,can be used to measure visual acuity in children and uncooperative adults.Recent studies have shown that the amplitude-logarithm of the visual angle (A-LogVA) function regression method was more accurate than the amplitude-spatial frequency (A-SP)function regression method in evaluating SPVEP acuity.Objective This study was to explore the clinical use of SPVEP acuity in visual developing children and compare the evaluating the SPVEP acuity of children between A-SP function regression method and A-LogVA function regression method.Methods Twenty-six eyes of 26 asthenopic children with age range of 3-12 years and 31 age-matched normal children were enrolled in this study.SPVEP acuity was recorded with GT-2000 NV ( GUOTE MEDICAL APPARATUS LTD,China) using sinusoidally modulated horizontal gratings of 10 different spatial frequencies from 0.99 to 12.89 cpd as stimulus.The responses were averaged and displayed through discrete Fourier transformations (DFT) on the monitor display.SPVEP acuity was estimated by using both the SPVEP A-SP function regression method and the SPVEP A-LogVA function regression method.The LogMAR chart was used to acquire LogMAR visual acuity.ResultsIn the normal group,the correlation coefficient between LogMAR visual acuity and acuity calculated by the A-SP function regression method was 0.600 (P＜0.01).The correlation coefficient between LogMAR visual acuity and acuity calculated by the A-LogVA function regression method was 0.733 ( P＜0.01 ).The ANOVA of the LogMAR acuity and the SPVEP acuity calculated from the A-SP function regression method and A-LogVA function regression method were 113.173 (P＜0.01 ),which indicated that there were significant difference among all of subjects.The differences of the mean values of LogMAR visual acuity and the SPVEP acuity calculated from the A-SP function regression method and A-LogVA function regression method were respectively 0.40±0.02,0.26 ±0.02 and 0.14 ± 0.02.In the amblyopia group,the correlation coefficient between LogMAR visual acuity and acuity calculated by the A-SP function regression method was 0.134 (P =0.515 ).The correlation coefficient between LogMAR visual acuity and acuity calculated by the A-LogVA function regression method was 0.456 ( P＜0.05 ).The ANOVA of the LogMAR acuity and the SPVEP acuity calculated from the A-SP function regression method and A-LogVA function regression method were 3.433 (P＜0.05),indicating that there were significant difference among all of subjects.The differences of the mean values of LogMAR visual acuity and the SPVEP acuity calculated from the A-SP function regression method and A-LogVA function regression method were 0.07±0.05,0.12±0.05 and 0.05 ±0.01 respectively.Conclusions SPVEP can evaluate the visual acuity in children,although SPVEP acuity may overestimate or underestimate acuity in comparison with different LogMAR visual acuities.The amplitude-LogVA function regression method is more accurate in extrapolating SPVEP acuity.