Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogenous disorder disease, about 40 %-49 % of the adult AML and 25 % of children had normal karyotype AML, and usually categorized as an intermediaterisk group, but for acquired genetic change, such as mutations of FLT3, NPM1, CEBPα, MLL, and KIT as well as alterations in expression levels of BAALC, MN1, ERG, and EVI1, leading to significant heterogeneity for the prognosis of this group. In this report, prognostic genetic findings in normal karyotypical AML and discuss their clinical implications was reviewed.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the factors in the causation of cefradine-induced hematuria.METHODS:The material in CHINESE BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA BASE OF BIOLOGY & MEDICINE(from 1980 to February 2001)and PHARMACEUTICAL ABSTRACTS(1990～2000)was reviewed and the data were analysed on patients'age and sex,route of drug administration,beginning of hematuria,prognosis and time of recovery.RESULTS:18 reports on cefradine-induced hematuria(108 cases) were found,which indicated that hematuria was mainly associated with renal hypoplasia in childhood and intravenous administration of cefradine.CONCLUSION:Intravenous administration of cefradine in children should be very careful.

Objective To analyze the general situation of acupuncture-moxibustion in treating perimenopausal insomnia, as well as the treatment methods and acupoints selection.Method Domestic databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, VIP, and database of China Biomedical Literature (CBM) were retrieved by using computer, and the literatures related to acupuncture-moxibustion in treating perimenopausal insomnia, published till December of 2014 were recruited. The general data, treatment methods, and acupoints selection of the eligible studies were statistically analyzed.Result Finally 85 studies were enrolled, of which, 76 were clinical trials with acupoints recorded; according to the frequency, the treatment methods were dry acupuncture-moxibustion methods (57.9%), comprehensive treatment of Chinese medicine (23.7%), and integrated method of Chinese and Western medicine (18.4%); the use of body acupuncture ranked the top (51.3%) among the acupuncture-moxibustion methods, followed by auricular point therapy (23.7%), moxibustion (9.2%), abdominal acupuncture (7.9%), and acupoint application (7.9%); the following acupoints ranked the top 10 among the used acupoints: Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Shenmen (HT 7), Baihui (GV 20), Shenshu (BL 23), Taichong (LR 3), Xinshu (BL 15), Taixi (KI 3), Neiguan (PC 6), Pishu (BL 20), and Zusanli (ST 36). The corresponding meridians in order were the Bladder Meridian, Spleen Meridian, Kidney Meridian, Governor Vessel, Liver Meridian, Heart Meridian, Stomach Meridian, Conception Vessel, Pericardium Meridian, Gallbladder Meridian, Large Intestine Meridian, and Triple Energizer Meridian; the used points were mostly distributed on lower limbs, then head and neck, back, upper limbs, and chest and abdomen.Conclusion Currently, the research in this field is focused on clinical prevention and treatment, while the theory and mechanism studies are comparatively less; based on the treatment principle of targeting the fundamental cause, it also presents the principle of selecting points according to meridians and regions in the treatment of perimenopausal insomnia with acupuncture-moxibustion.

Objective To explore the relationship between methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphism and homocysteine (Hcy),and further to investigate their correlation to coronary heart disease (CHD) in females.Methods This study involved 29 premenopausal women with CHD,57 postmenopausal women with CHD,50 men with CHD and 46 postmenopausal women with non-CHD.All patients underwent coronary angiography.The patients' gender,age,history of hypertension,diabetes and smoking were recorded.The plasma Hcy level,blood lipids and MTHFR gene polymorphism were examined.Results The level of Hcy in postmenopausal women with CHD was (18.11±7.21)μmol/L,which was significantly higher than (15.01±6.53)μmol/L in premenopausal women with CHD,(12.98±5.46)μmol/L in postmenopausal women with non-CHD group and (14.32±6.01)μmol/L in men with CHD group (t=5.23,3.65,5.08,all P<0.05).The frequency of the MTHFR TT genotype in postmenopausal women with CHD was 28.1% which was significantly higher than postmenopausal women with non-CHD(17.4%)(χ2=5.13,P<0.05),but there was no statistically significant difference with the other two groups.The plasma Hcy level in patients with TT genotype was significantly higher than that with CT or CC genotype in all groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant positive correlation in Hcy and TT genotype.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking,Hcy,hypertension and diabetes were independent risk factors for CHD.The odds ratios(OR) of Hcy for CHD was 2.601 (95% confidence interval,1.326 to 5.745).Conclusion Hcy may be an independent risk factor for CHD in females.MTHFR C677T genotype is significantly associated with hyperhomocysteinemia,and its mutation frequency increases significantly in patients with CHD,but MTHFR mutation is not related with the incidence of CHD.

Standardized patients were applied to the inquiry skills training for medical students.As a result,students received systemic training of inquiry contents and techniques earlier,and the capability of communication between doctors and patients was also promoted.Furthermore,SP teaching contributed to students' accurate thinking style focusing on patients and the establishment of their good professional attitude,so it was effective on the course of clinical inquiry skill training.

This paper discussed the importance and urgency of enhancing medical students' law education through analyzing the status of student' s knowledge on the medical law,changes in the environment of physician practicing and damages and disputes between the doctors and patients made by the student' s lawbreaking.Meanwhile,suggestions were proposed including establishing a law teaching group consisted of professional and pluralistic teachers,disseminating the law concept,adopting appropriate methods in appropriate periods.

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of electroacupuncture (EA) combined with tuina on acute lumbar sprain and lumbar muscle tone before and after treatment. ＜br> Methods: A total of 130 acute lumbar sprain cases were randomly allocated into an observation group and a control group, 65 in each group. Cases in the observation group were treated with EA combined with tuina, whereas cases in the control group were treated with Diclofenac Sodium Dual Release Enteric-coated capsules. The muscle tones in two groups were tested before and after treatment. ＜br> Results: The recovery rate and overall response rate in the observation group were 66.2% and 93.8% respectively, versus 56.9% and 87.7% in the control group, showing no between-group statistical significances (P>0.05). After treatment, the force-displacement area under curve (AUC) in both groups showed a significance difference (P＜0.05). ＜br> Conclusion: Both EA combined with tuina and aforementioned oral medication have remarkable effects for acute lumbar sprain, and the former can better improve the lumbar muscle tone in patients with acute lumbar sprain.

Microcalcifications are among the most common imaging findings of breast cancer. This article reviews the recent liter-ature regarding the foci of microcalcifications in breast cancer. In particular, we summarize the composition, formation mechanism, and biopsy method of the microcalcifications;the relationship between the foci and clinicopathologic indicators;and the influence of neoad-juvant chemotherapy on the foci.

Purpose To investigate the expression of TAZ and β-catenin in colorectal carcinoma and to analyze their correlation with the clinical pathological features of colorectal carcinoma. Methods The immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expres-sion of TAZ and β-catenin in 168 colorectal carcinoma specimens and 30 normal colorectal mucosal specimens. Results The positive rate of TAZ expression was significantly higher in colorectal carcinoma than that in normal colorectal mucosal (P<0. 01). The ectopic expression ofβ-catenin was significantly higher in colorectal carcinoma than that in normal colorectal mucosa (P<0. 01). The expres-sion of TAZ was correlated with degree of differentiation, lymph node metastasis, invasion depth and TNM stages (P<0. 05), and that of β-catenin was correlated with lymph node metastasis, invasion depth and TNM stages (P<0. 05). The positive expression of TAZ and the ectopic expression of β-catenin were significantly related to the 5-years survival rate ( P<0. 05 ) . The expression of TAZ was significantly positively correlated with the ectopic expression of β-catenin ( P<0. 01 ) . Conclusion Up-regulated expression of TAZ and ectopic expression of β-catenin may be synergistically involved in the occurrence, invasion and metastasis of colorectal carcinoma.

From the beginning of the 20th century, Alois Alzheimer, a German doctor, discovered Alzheimer′s disease, so far, the isease-related research has been the focus of researchers all over the world. From Alzheimer's disease to mild cognitive impairment, then to subjective cognitive impairment, the attention phase of the disease is also being advanced. Subjective cognitive impairment, as a stage earlier than mild cognitive impairment, has important implications for the early diagnosis and intervention of Alzheimer′s disease.This article will summarize the research progress of conception and screening instruments for subjective cognitive impairment at home and abroad.