This study was aimed to reveal current achievements and the future trend about Chinese materia medica (CMM) processing, which pointed future research direction for scholars.“CMM processing” was used as the subject term in document retrieval to the Web of Science (WoS) and CNKI. The CitespaceII and Ucinet & Netdraw were used to build mapping knowledge domains to acceptable both English and Chinese literature data. The results showed that the mapping knowledge for“CMM processing” for co-citation, source journal, author, key words and so on were established. It was concluded that the rapid present period of Chinese literature on CMM processing was earlier for around 15 years than English literature. And the total amount of English documents was much less than Chinese documents. Combing the developing process of CMM, it revealed its current achievements and future trend, which pointed future research direction for scholars, and moreover it put forward new thinking and method to summarize or expand traditional medicine and related research fields.

Animals ; Cardiomegaly ; Constriction ; Heart ; Mice

Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVE:To study the rational use of antibacterials in inpatients.METHODS:A discussion was made on the use of antibacterials for 4 948 inpatients in 2004 and 5 476 inpatients in 2005 in our hospital,managed in accordance with the requirements for hospital management by level and the Guidelines for Clinical Use of Antibacterials.RESULTS & CONCL- USIONS:The inpatient use of antibacterials in our hospital has been made basically rational through implementation of systematic management,enactment of antibacterials management by level,monitoring on usage of antibacterials and enforcement of warning system for overusing.

BACKGROUNDThe aim of this study is to explore the treatment and outcome of epileptogenic temporal lobe cavernous malformations (CMs).

METHODSWe analyzed retrospectively the profiles of 52 patients diagnosed as temporal lobe CMs associated with epilepsy. Among the 52 cases, 11 underwent a direct resection of CM along with the adjacent zone of hemosiderin rim without electrocorticogram (ECoG) monitoring while the other 41 cases had operations under the guidance of ECoG. Forty-six patients were treated by lesionectomy + hemosiderin rim while the other six were treated by lesionectomy + hemosiderin rim along with extended epileptogenic zone resection. The locations of lesions, the duration of illness, the manifestation, the excision ranges and the outcomes of postoperative follow-up were analyzed, respectively.

RESULTSAll of the 52 patients were treated by microsurgery. There was no neurological deficit through the long-term follow-up. Outcomes of seizure control are as follows: 42 patients (80.8%) belong to Engel Class I, 5 patients (9.6%) belong to Engel Class II, 3 patients (5.8%) belong to Engel Class III and 2 patients (3.8%) belong to Engel Class IV.

CONCLUSIONPatients with epilepsy caused by temporal CMs should be treated as early as possible. Resection of the lesion and the surrounding hemosiderin zone is necessary. Moreover, an extended excision of epileptogenic cortex or cerebral lobes is needed to achieve a better prognosis if the ECoG indicates the existence of an extra epilepsy onset origin outside the lesion itself.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy ; surgery ; Female ; Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Temporal Lobe ; pathology ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the relationship between rs17525495 locus polymorphism of leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) gene and the severity of tuberculous meningitis (TBM). Methods A total of 184 TBM patients from Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2014 to October 2016 were selected as research subjects. According to the British Medical Research Council criteria, the severity of TBM patients was divided into three stages. The single nucleotide polymorphism rs17525495 of LTA4H gene was sequenced, and the general case data, clinical manifestations and results of lumbar puncture were analyzed. Results There were 91 cases (49.5％) of CC genotypes of rs17525495 locus in LTA4H gene of 184 cases, 75 cases (40.8％) of CT genotypes and 18 cases (9.8％) of TT genotypes. The frequency of allele C was 69.8％ and T was 30.2％. Patients with different genotypes were compared for their severity, clinical manifestations and lumbar puncture results. Among CC patients, the proportion of stage Ⅰ patients(54.9％, 50/91)was higher than that of stage Ⅱ(22.0％, 20/91)and Ⅲ(23.1％, 21/91). Among TT patients, the proportion of patients with stage Ⅱ(8/18)and Ⅲ(8/18)was higher than patients with stageⅠ(2/18)(χ2=15.898,P=0.003). The incidence of headache, fever, nausea and vomiting, neck stiffness, epilepsy and disturbance of consciousness was statistically analyzed. Compared with CC and CT patients, the incidence of fever(TT:13/18,CC:42/91,CT:50/75,χ2=8.932,P=0.011)and neck stiffness(TT:12/18,CC:38/91,CT:46/75,χ2=7.993,P=0.018)was higher in TT patients. Headache, nausea and vomiting, disturbance of consciousness, and the incidence of epilepsy showed no statistically significant difference. And there was no statistically significant difference in lumbar puncture pressure, chloride, protein and glucose between different genotypes. Conclusion TBM patients with mild illness frequently prompt LTA4H gene rs17525495 locus for the CC type;while patients with severe disease prompt TT type.

The hybrid xylanase TB was constructed by the substitution of the N-terminus segment of the Streptomyces olivaceoviridis xylanase XYNB with corresponding region of Thermomonosporafusca xylanase TfxA. The hybrid gene tb, encoding the TB, was correctly expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 and Pichia pastoris GS115. TB was purified and its enzymatic properties were determined. The results revealed that the optimal temperature and optimal pH of TB were at 70 degrees C and 6.0, which have been obviously improved compared with those of XYNB. The thermostability of TB were all about six-fold of XYNB's after incubating the properly diluted enzyme solutions at 80 degrees C and 90 degrees C for 3min, respectively. The pH stability of TB was 5 to approximately 9, which was narrower than that of XYNB. Still, TB remains a high specific activity as XYNB does. Analysis of a homology modeling and sequence similarity were used to reveal the factors influencing the enzymatic properties of TB and the discussion for the relationship between structure and function of xylanase was given.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Desulfurococcaceae ; enzymology ; genetics ; Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Enzyme Stability ; Escherichia coli ; enzymology ; genetics ; Hot Temperature ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Pichia ; enzymology ; genetics ; Protein Engineering ; methods ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Streptomyces ; enzymology ; genetics ; Structure-Activity Relationship

OBJECTIVEThe purposes of this thesis were to study the behavior about workers exposed to dust and provide scientific basis for health promotion.

METHODSWe designed a questionnaire and carry it on the 746 dust workers in the 3 representative corporations of Machinery, Ceramic, and Metallurgy Industry. All data were input into computer. And a database was established with Excel. SPSS11.5 statistical analysis software was used to analyze the influence on protecting behavioral between the application of qualifications, different jobs, training or protection, and other aspects etc.

RESULTSThe rates were 94.4% and 75.3% about the regular physical examination and requirements for protective equipment. The rate of choosing an effective way of protection was generally low (15.4%). There was significant difference for among different educational background workers (P < 0.01). The rates of choosing an effective way of protection (20.3%), the regular physical examination (98.3%) and requirements for protective equipment (86.4%) in the dust workers who participated in the training of dust protection were superior than those who did not participated in the training. There was the significant difference (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). There was the significant difference for the rate of effective way of protection, regular physical examination, and requirements for protective equipment among the different corporations (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSDust workers' using rate about the choosing an effective way of protection was generally low in Machinery, Ceramic, and Metallurgy Industry. Those who were not educated had a lower using rate about the protection behavior, regular physical examination, and requirements for protective equipment than those educated.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Ceramics ; Choice Behavior ; Dust ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Industry ; Male ; Metallurgy ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Respiratory Protective Devices ; utilization ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVESTo summarize the clinical features of liver injury in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), providing information for further mechanism and clinical study.

METHODSThe clinical and some laboratory data of 154 patients suffered from SARS were collected and analyzed, who were admitted to the isolation wards of Beijing You-an Hospital from March 11 to June 3, 2003. The serum samples were taken from 46 patients to detect IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-alpha, endotoxin and hepatitis related viral inclusions. In addition, 11 patients were detected ultrasonically, and 3 patients were described pathological features. Other two groups including 15 healthy care workers and 22 patients with chronic hepatitis in the same period were selected and analyzed as controls.

RESULTSWhen being admitted to hospital, serum ALT and (or) AST levels were elevated in 37.7% SARS patients. Some of them (43.1%) were mild, and most of them (56.9%) were moderate. Abnormal liver function mainly resulted from ALT elevation (70.7%), then both ALT and AST elevation (22.4%). The aminotransferases in 75.9% SARS patients normalized within two weeks, while they elevated in four patients during the hospitalization. There was a significant difference in ALT/AST elevation rates between severe and mild clinical type (chi2=19.28, P<0.05). Serum total bilirubin values elevated in 8.4% patients. Serum albumin and prealbumin levels decreased in 24.0% and 28.6% patients, respectively. Creatine kinase (CK) and (or) creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) levels elevated in 72.7% patients when they hospitalized. The six kinds of interleukins and TNF-alpha levels during the first week of hospitalization were higher than those in the fourth week and in control groups (t>or=1.67, P<0.05). The levels of some factors, such as IL-1beta, IL-6 and IL-10 in patients with elevated ALT, were higher than those in ALT normal patients (t>or=2.36, P<0.05). In the first week, only 15.2% patients had elevated serum endotoxin level. Ultrasonic examination and pathological observation showed no special features, compared with those in common acute hepatitis patients.

CONCLUSIONSAll the results suggest strongly that there may be a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in most SARS patients in early stage, and the liver damage is only its partial signs. It may be beneficial to suppress cytokines storm in SARS patients in early stage, which will stop the progression of SIRS and release hepatic damage and improve the prognosis of SARS patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-1 ; blood ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Liver ; physiopathology ; Liver Diseases ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; complications ; physiopathology ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ; etiology ; physiopathology

Aspergillus fumigatus wild-type phytase has many favorable properties, such as a good thermorstability and a broad pH optimum. However, the specific activity of the enzyme is relative low. A. fumigatus Q23L phytase resulted in a remarkable increase in specific activity around pH4.5 - 7.0, but the pH stability of Q23L was lower than A. fumigatus wild-type phytase. To increase the pH stability of Q23L, the mutant Q23LG272E was constructed by site-directed mutagenesis with PCR. The gene of A. fumigatus wild-type phytase and the mutant genes encoding the Q23LG272E and the Q23L were correctly expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115. Enzymes were purified and their enzymatic properties were determined. The results revealed that the specific activity of the Q23L improved remarkably, which increased from 51 u/mg of the wild type to 109 u/mg at pH5.5. Meanwhile, the pH stability of Q23L, decreased evidently, especially from pH3.0 to pH4.0.The pH stability of Q23LG272E in pH3.0 - 4.5 and pH6.5 - 7.0 has been improved compared with Q23L. The specific activity of Q23LG272E basically maintained at the level of Q23L. Analysis of 3-D structure and sequence similarity were used to reveal the presumable factors influencing the enzymatic properties of Q23LG272E, and discussion for the relationship between structure and function of phytase was given.
6-Phytase ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Aspergillus fumigatus ; enzymology ; genetics ; Biocatalysis ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Fungal Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Models, Molecular ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Mutant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mutation ; Pichia ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Engineering ; methods ; Recombinant Proteins ; metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substrate Specificity