[Summary] Benign esophageal strictures can arise from various causes and mainly induce dysphagia .Commonly , the majority of benign esophageal strictures can achieve long-term relief through about three dilation sessions .However, some refractory benign esophageal strictures require other treatments , such as endoscopic stent placement and intralesional drug injection , but these treatments just attain short-time satisfactory results with a disappointingly low rate of long-term improvement.Recently, biodegradable stents and drug-eluting stents are developing and have obtained the positive effects .In this paper , we performed a review about the treatment of benign esophageal strictures .

The morbidity and mortality of tumors of digestive system is much higher in recent years .Realizing diagnosis of early phase tumors can improve the surgical resection rate and prolong survival time of patients .Compared with traditional diagnosis methods, multiphoton microscopy has got an obvious improvement in the penetration depth .Furthermore, phototoxicity and photo-bleaching has been largely reduced .Combining with the second harmonic microscopy , the change of collagen fibers can be observed in the organization.MPM can achieve early diagnosis of cancer at the cellular level .Therefore, multiphoton microscopy , with the imaging characteristics of unique high resolution , real-time, nondestructive , deeply spectral resolution , is of great potential in the diagnosis of early stage tumors of digestive system .Based on the latest research results , this review summarizes the latest progress of multiphoton microscopy diagnosing early phase of gastrointestinal tumor .

To investigate the chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Lygodium japonicum. Methods:Various chromatographic techniques were employed for isolation and purification of the constituents. The structures were elucidated by chemical evidence and spectral methods. Results:A new stigmasterol glycoside,(24R)-stigmastan-3β,5α,6β-triol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1),together with three known phenolic glycosides:6-O-p-coumaroyl-D-glucopyranose (2),6-O-caffeoyl-D-glucopyranose (3),1-O-(E)-caffeoyl-β-D-gentiobiose (4) were obtained and identified by spectroscopic methods. Conclusion:All compounds were isolated from Lygodiaceae for the first time.

Real-time free breathing cardiac cine imaging is a reproducible method with shorter acquisition time and without breath-hold for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. However, the detection of end-diastole and end-systole frames of real-time free breathing cardiac cine imaging for left ventricle function analysis is commonly completed by visual identification, which is time-consuming and laborious. In order to save processing time, we propose a method for semi-automatic identification of end-diastole and end-systole frames. The method fits respiratory motion signal and acquires the expiration phase, end-diastole and end-systole frames by cross correlation coefficient. The procedure successfully worked on ten healthy volunteers and validated by the analysis of left ventricle function compared to the standard breath-hold steady-state free precession cardiac cine imaging without any significant statistical differences. The results demonstrated that the present method could correctly detect end-diastole and end-systole frames. In the future, this technique may be used for rapid left ventricle function analysis in clinic.
Exhalation ; Heart Ventricles ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Respiration ; Ventricular Function, Left

Objective To investigate the efficacy of preemptive analgesiawith ultrasound-guided modified dorsal penile nerve block combined ketorolac tromethamine for circumcision in pediatric patients.Methods Forty-five pediatric patients with ASA grade Ⅰ undergoing elective circumcision were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=15 each).The same intravenous compound anesthesia was used in the three groups.The pediatric patients underwent ultrasound-guided modified dorsal penile nerve block with a mixture of 0.1 ml/kg of 0.2% ropivacaine and 0.8% lidocaine before operation in group A and group B.The pediatric patients were given ketorolac tromethamine 1 mg/kg intramuscular injection before operation in group A and group C.The total consumption of propfol and sufentanil, occurrence of intraoperative body movement and respiratory depression, emergence time, time from waking up to going out of PACU and adverse reactions such as postoperative agitation, nausea, vomiting and pruritus were aslo recorded.The requirement for postoperative paracetamol suppositories was recorded.Results Compared with group C, the total consumption of propfol and sufentanil were significantly decreased, incidence of body movement andrespiratory depression were significantly decreased, the emergence time and time from waking up to going out of PACU was significantly shortened, requirement for paracetamol suppositories were significantly decreased in group A and group B(P<0.05).Compared with group B, incidence of requirement for paracetamol suppositories was significantly decreased in group A (P<0.05).No pediatric patients developed postoperative nausea, vomiting, pruritus and incidence of emergence agitation had no statistical difference in the three groups.Conclusion Preemptive analgesia with ultrasound-guided modified dorsal penile nerve block combined ketorolac tromethamine is safe and effective when used for circumcision in pediatric patients, and it has good efficacy of postoperative analgesia.

Objective:To explore caspase-6's effect on the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cell line SOSP 607. Methods: The expression level of caspase-6 in the osteosarcoma cell line SOSP-9067 was examined by RT-PCR method. The adeno-virus adv5 vector with caspase-6 gene was constructed and transferred into the osteosarcoma cell line SOSP-9607 by lipo-fection. The cell survival rate after transfection was assayed by MTT method. The cell morphological changes were observed by microscope and electron microscope, the apoptosis of transferred cells were examined by gel electrophoresis. Results:No expression of caspase-6 was examined in the osteosarcoma cell line SOSP-9607. A high expression of caspase-6 was identified by RT-PCR after the transfection. The cell growth curve declined after transferring caspase-6. Electrophoresis of DNA displayed the apoptosis ladder. Conclusion: Transferring caspase-6 into the osteosarcoma line SOSP-9607 may inhibit the growth of the osteosarcoma cell line SOSP-9607 and this effect might be achieved by inducing apoptosis.

Objective To understand awareness of basic knowledge on control and prevention for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among general practitioner in community health service centers. Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted among 593 general practitioners at 15 community health service centers in a district of Shanghai in the morning of February 26, 2008. Results Five hundred and forty-two of 593 ( 91.4% ) general practitioners surveyed knew that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can be abbreviated as COPD, and 315 of them (53.1%) thought they knew the main contents of the "Guidelines for Prevention and Control of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease". No pulmonary function instrument was equipped at all 15 community health service centers surveyed, and 501 of 593 ( 84.5% ) general practitioners knew spirometry is gold standard for diagnosis of COPD. Only 115 ( 19.4% ) general practitioners knew that COPD can be categorized as acute exacerbation and stable stage. One hundred and sixty-three of them (27.5%) knew that drug therapy should be maintained in COPD patients for long term following effective treatment, 328 (55.3%) recognized that treatment for COPD patients was still needed in their stable stage, and 312 (52.6%) believed that antibiotics may not be necessary and 465 (78.4%) thought that inhalation therapy was the choice of treatment for acute exacerbation of COPD. Two hundred and thirty-five of them (39.6%) knew that oxygen inhalation should be more than 15 hours per day in regular family therapy. The investigation showed that 365 (61.6%) general practitioners had participated in training for COPD-related knowledge, only one or two times a year. Awareness of COPD knowledge was significantly poorer in rural practitioners than that in urban community ones. Conclusions Basic knowledge of prevention and treatment for COPD was seriously lack in general practitioners, so it is a necessity to strengthen training for them.

Objective:To improve the radiologic diagnostic and treatable rate of mannmmary ductal diseases.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the galactographic materials of 369 cases.Results:The mammary ducts were classified into 4 types according to their morpholgy,including general fruticoses,multiple fruticoses,less fruticoses and single fruticoses.In this group,the multiple and less fruticoses were the most common,the general and single fruticoses were the less.Conclusion:Understanding radiologic anatomy of mammary duct is very valuable in the diagnosis and treatment of mammary ductal diseases. [

OBJECTIVE:To search a more effective treatment for hepatic functional lesion in primary hepatocellular car?cinoma.METHODS:60patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma were randomly divided into2groups,treatment group received treatment with polarized solution of Ka and Mg combined with compound glycyrrhizin glycyrrhizinate,while control group underwent treatment with polarized solution of Ka and Mg in combination with decomposed glutathione,both of the treatment courses were2wk～4wk.RESULTS:The decrease in levels of ALT and AST was significantly greater in treatment group,as compared with control group(P

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of NF-κB signaling pathway in the spinal cord in persistent postoperative pain evoked by skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR) in rats.MethodsNinety male SD rats weighing 200-250 g in which intrathecal (IT) catheter was successfully implanted without complication were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n =30 each):group sham operation ( group S ) ; groups SMIR and group pyrrolidine dithiocarbarnate (a NF-κB inhibitor) (group PDTC).Persistent postoperative pain was evoked by SMIR according to the method described by Flatters in groups SMIR and PDTC.PDTC 10 ng in 10 μl was injected IT over 30 s once a day for 7 consecutive days after operation in group PDTC.Mechanical paw withdrawal threshold to von Frey filament stimulation (MWT) was measured at 1 d before (T0,baseline) and 1,3,7,12 and 22 d after surgery (T1-5).Five animals in each group were sacrificed at each time point after MWT measurement and their lumbar segments of the spinal cord were removed for determination of TNF-α content (by ELISA).ResultsSMIR significantly decreased MWT after operation at T1-5 and increased TNF-α content in the spinal cord at T3-5.PDTC significantly attenuated SMIR-induced hyperalgesia and increase in TNF-α content in the spinal cord.Conclusion NF-κB signaling pathway in the spinal cord plays an important role in the development of SMIR-induced persistent postoperafive pain in rats.