Objective To investigate the frequencies of human leukocyte antigen ( HLA)-DRB1 alleles of Chinese Marrow Donor Program (CMDP) donors in seven markets of Jiangsu Han population. Methods 2787 donors from CMDP Jiangsu Branch were typed in HLA-DRB1 locus using polymerase chain reaction-sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT) method or polymerase chain reaction-reverse sequence specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-rSSOP) method. Frequencies of HLA-DRB1 were separately calculated in seven markets and a comparison was made among them. Results A total of 38,33,26,36,37,31,26 alleles in DRB1 locus were separately found in Huai-an, Xuzhou, Taizhou, Suqian, Nanjing, Changzhou, Yangzhou population. The most frequent HLA-DRB1 alleles in Huai-an, Xuzhou, Suqian respectively were DRB1 * 07:01, 09:01, 15:01,12:02; In Nanjing and were DRB1 * 09:01,07:01, 15:01, 12:02; In Yangzhou were DRB1 * 09:01,07:01,15:01,08:03; In Taizhou were DRB1 *09:01, 07:01, 04:05, 15:01; In Changzhou were DRB1 *09:01,07:01, 12:02, 08:03. Conclusion The above results reflected the distribution of HLA-DRB1 alleles in seven markets of Jiangsu Han population, which held abundant polymorphism, and a certain uniqueness in every market. The HLA-DRB1 allele distribution of Nanjing, Yangzhou were the closest groups to northern China, Huaian, Xuzhou, Suqian, Changzhou, Taizhou were close to northern China except DRB1 * 09:01,07:01 in different frequencies. These findings could guide the selection of future donor in CMDP Jiangsu Branch. It also could serve as foundation for HLA related disease research, studies of population genetics and anthropology in Chinese Han population.

Objective To find out association mapping of loci related to bipolar disorder on chromosome 4 with microsatellite markers in DNA pooling samples from bipolar disorder cases and normal controls in Shandong province. Methods A total of 22 microsatellite markers on chromosome 4 spaced at approximately 10 cM were selected and two separated DNA pooling samples consisting of 104 bipolar disorder cases and 1000 normal controls were genotyped respectively. Statistic analysis was performed by Chi-square method with CLUMP software to compare the difference in the ratio of each allele in these loci between the two pooling samples. Result Significant statistic differences were found at D4S1592 and D4S402 on chromosome 4 between cases and controls(P＜0.01 ).( D4S1592:x2 = 15.968, P=0.006; D4S402:x2 =31.553, P=0.002). Conclusion The loci of D4S1592 and D4S402 on chromosome 4 are found to be associated with bipolar disorder patients in Shandong province, further screening of the susceptibility genes around these loci is needed.

Monoclonal antibody drugs that inhibit programmed death 1 (PD-1) or programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) have been widely used in esophageal cancer (EC) and yielded significant therapeutic responses. However, only a few patients obtain lasting clinical benefits due to primary or acquired drug resistance, and new treatment schemes are urgently needed. The tumor immune microenvironment is the main factor that affects patients' response to immunosuppressive agents. This article will discuss the role of immunosuppressive cells and non-cellular components in the immune process to provide ideas for the next research direction of EC.

Objective:To investigate the prognosis and its influencing factors of elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and to provide references for clinical treatment.Methods:The clinical data of 152 patients with DLBCL aged over 60 years old from January 2013 to June 2017 in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, and the log-rank test was used for univariate analysis of factors affecting the prognosis of patients, and the Cox proportional hazard regression model was used for multivariate analysis.Results:The median overall survival (OS) time of 152 elderly patients with DLBCL was 36 months (32-40 months), and the 1, 2, and 3-year OS rates were 80.26%, 61.84%, and 57.24%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the differences in the 3-year OS rates of elderly DLBCL patients with different gender, clinical staging, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Ki-67, β 2-microglobulin (β 2-MG) levels, smoke history, use of rituximab and CHOP regimens were statistically significant (all P < 0.1). The results of multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that male, late clinical staging, elevated LDH, and elevated β 2-MG were risk factors for the OS of elderly DLBCL patients (all P < 0.05). The use of rituximab and CHOP regimens were the protective factors for the OS of elderly patients with DLBCL (all P < 0.05). Conclusions:The elderly male DLBCL patients with late clinical staging, elevated LDH and elevated β 2-MG have a poor prognosis, and the elderly DLBCL patients treated with CHOP regimen and rituximab have a better prognosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and treatment principles of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the urinary bladder (IMTUB).Methods From April 2013 to October 2016,6 cases of IMTUB patients were analyzed retrospectively.All cases were presented with gross hematuria.4 cases underwent ultrasonography,of which 3 cases showed solid mass in bladder,1 case showed inflammatory change.6 cases underwent CT examination,3 cases with bladder cancer,1 case with bladder sarcoma,1 case with malignant transformation of adenoma,1 case with rich blood supply.No lymph node metastasis.Bladder occupying lesions were considered in 2 cases of MRI examination.5 cases of cystoscopy showed bladder solid mass.In 6 cases involved,2 patients received partial cystectomy,2 patients underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor,1 patient underwent radical resection of urachal carcinoma and the other one was treated with chemotherapy.Results Immunohistochemical staining was positive in ALK (100.0％) 、Vimentin(100.0％) 、CK(100.0％) 、SMA (83.3％) 、EMA(66.7％) and Ki-67 (5％-30％),negative in S-100 and Desmin.Final pathological diagnosis was IMTUB.So far,neither recurrence nor metastasis has been detected for 6 ～ 42 months in 5 cases and the other one lost to follow-up.Conclusions IMTUB is a kind of rare benign tumor of bladder.The golden standard of diagnosis is pathological diagnosis.Surgical resection is the first choice for treatment.Recurrence and metastasis are after the surgery treatment.All patients should be followed up closely.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the genetic polymorphism, distribution of haplotypes, common and well-documented (CWD) and rare alleles of high-resolution HLA-A, B and DRB1 alleles by analysis from hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) donors in Jiangsu Han Chinese.

METHODSPCR-sequence-based typing and PCR-sequence specific oligonucleotide probes methods were applied for HLA-A, B and DRB1 high-resolution genotyping of 3238 unrelated healthy donors of hematopoietic stem cells in Jiangsu branch of Chinese National Marrow Donor Program registry.

RESULTS46 alleles of HLA-A,85 HLA-B and 51 HLA-DRB1 locus were found. The frequencies of the most common alleles were A * 11:01 (16.52%), B * 13:02 (11.60%) and DRB1 *07:01 (15.78%). That of the most common haplotype was A * 30: 01-B * 13: 02-DRB1 * 07: 01 (8.87%). 40 alleles of HLA-A,77 alleles of HLA-B, and 47 HLA-DRB1 alleles of HLA-DRB1 were CWD, which account for 99. 8% of total number of samples, and a few rare alleles not reported in Chinese population were found.

CONCLUSIONThe results of high-resolution, CWD and rare alleles showed the characteristics of HLA distribution in Jiangsu Han population, which may be useful for finding HLA matched unrelated donors, as well as for HLA correlation with population genetics and disease association studies.

Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Genotype ; HLA-A Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-B Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-DRB1 Chains ; genetics ; Haplotypes ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Tissue Donors

The working principle and structural composition of the transcranial magnetic stimulator were introduced.The failures of the transcranial magnetic stimulator in some hospital were summarized from 2018 to 2022.The causes for common failures of the transcranial magnetic stimulator were analyzed with the fishbone diagram,and some suggestions were put forward on its daily utilization management.The maintenance thoughts for two common failures were described in detail including flow control alarm and no magnetic field output.References were provided for daily management and maintenance of the transcranial magnetic stimulator.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2023,44(9):110-113]

Objective:To investigate the distribution of HIV-1 genotypes and drug resistance in newly diagnosed HIV-1 patients in Baoding in 2020.Methods:A self-developed method was used to amplify the pol gene sequence of HIV-1, and the sequencing results were analyzed by phylogenetic analysis and compared with the Stanford drug resistance database to determine the HIV-1 subtypes and gene mutations. Results:A total of 96 patients with HIV-1 infection were recruited in this study, and 83 pol gene sequences were successfully obtained. In the study population, 88 (91.7%) were male with an average age of 39 years and 54 (56.3%) were married. Most of the patients were infected through sexual contact (95.8%, 92/96), and 75.0% (72/96) were through homosexual transmission. Phylogenetic analysis showed that various HIV-1 subtypes were detected and among them, CRF01_AE (51.8%, 43/83), CRF07_BC (24.1%, 20/83) and B subtype (10.8%, 9/83) were the most epidemic strains. Moreover, the subtypes of newly identified recombinant strains in recent years accounted for 13.3% (11/83). Drug resistance test results showed that the pre-treatment drug resistance rate in newly diagnosed HIV-1 patients was 8.4% (7/83), and the drug resistance rates to protease inhibitor (PIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and integrase inhibitors (INIs) were 3.6% (3/83), 1.2% (1/83) and 3.6% (3/83), respectively. Conclusions:The HIV-1 subtypes in the newly diagnosed population in Baoding in 2020 were complex and diverse. There were many unique recombinant strains and drug-resistant strains. Therefore, it was necessary to strengthen drug resistance monitoring as well as the prevention and control of HIV-1 infection in this area.

Objective To comprehensively evaluate the clinical efficacy of hemoperfusion (HP) combined with continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) on acute paraquat poisoning (APP).Methods Literatures of Chinese and English randomized controlled trials (RCTs), case control and cohort study on HP combined with CVVH in the treatment of APP from the PubMed, Embase, Wanfang, and CNKI up to November 2017 were enrolled (the subjects were > 16 years old). The obtained literatures were strictly screened and evaluated in quality, and data such as mortality, the life time of dead patients, inefficiency rate, incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) were extracted. Meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.3. Results Twenty-one studies were included with 2222 subjects, among whom 976 subjects were in HP combined with CVVH group (experimental group) and 1246 subjects in HP group (control group). Compared with control group, the mortality in experimental group were significantly decreased [43.77％ (362/827) vs. 55.26％ (604/1093), odds ratio (OR) =0.68, 95％ confidential interval (95％CI) = 0.56-0.82,P = 0.0001], the life time of death patients was significantly prolonged [mean difference (MD) = 4.63, 95％CI = 2.60-6.66,P < 0.00001], incidence of MODS [25.93％ (70/270) vs. 55.36％ (155/280),OR = 0.26, 95％CI = 0.14-0.49,P< 0.0001], and incidence of ARDS [30.37％ (82/270) vs. 51.07％(143/280),OR = 0.42, 95％CI = 0.30-0.61,P < 0.00001], and inefficiency rate [8.72％ (13/149) vs. 34.64％ (53/153),OR=0.17, 95％CI = 0.09-0.34, P < 0.00001] were significantly reduced. Funnel chart showed that except the publication bias of mortality rate, there were less publication bias about other indicators among studies.Conclusion HP combined with CVVH can significantly reduce the mortality of patients with APP compared with HP alone on the whole, prolong the life time and reduce the occurrence of MODS and ARDS, thus improving the treatment efficiency.

Objective To describe the prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis C virus (HCV) occurred in Henan province,at the end of 2011.Methods Five villages round Maqiao township,including 5187 residents,were selected for the study.Five-milliliter-blood was drawn from every one of the interviewee.Clinical data including age,gender and anti-HCV antibody was recorded.Patients with positive antibodies against HCV were tested for HCV RNA.Results A total number of 5187 people from five villages were studied,with age span from 1 to 97.The average age was 48 years and the sex ratio was 1 ∶ 1.34.The anti-HCV result showed that the prevalence was 2.27％,with 1-9 age group the lowest ( 1.55％ ) and the ≥50 year-olds the highest (4.93％).Different villages seemed to have significant differences on the prevalence of HCV,with the highest as 8.68％ and the lowest as 0.55％.Under risk factors analysis and distance-infection rates linear regression analysis,data showed that the prevalence might have correlated to the behavior of a certain family-run clinic.Results from multivariate analysis indicated that factors as intravenous dropping,intravenous injection and the use of surgery/endoscope were associated with the HCV infection in this village.Conclusion Although the public health care system had been developed for more than ten years,iatrogenic infection was yet responsible for the infection of HCV patients in the rural areas of China that called for further attention paid to the system.