Objective To observe the effects of acetyl-l-carnitine (ALC) on autophagy, apoptosis and motor function after acute spinal cord injury (ASCI) in rats. Methods Thirty-six adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (Sham group, n=12), simple spinal cord injury group (SCI group, n=12), ALC treatment group (ALC group, n=12). Spinal cord injury model at the level of T10 segment was established using Allen's method. They were assessed with Basso-Beattle-Bresnahan (BBB) scale three days after injury. Then the rats were sacrificed, and the expression of microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-II in spinal cord was detect-ed with Western blotting and immunofluorescent labeling, and the number of apoptotic cells were assessed with TUNEL staining. Results The expression of LC3-II and the number of apoptotic cells increased in SCI group compared with those in Sham group (P<0.01), while the BBB score decreased (P<0.001). The expression of LC3-II increased and the number of apoptotic cells decreased in ALC group compared with those in SCI group (P<0.001), while the BBB score increased (P<0.01). Conclusion ALC may promote autophagy, and inhibit apopto-sis to improve the locomotor function after ASCI.

Objective:To study the cytotoxicity to tumor cells P815,H22 and B16 in vitro and the treatment effect of mice spleenocytes activated by lymphokine IL-2 and Tremella Polysaccharide,and their effects on main viscerals.Methods:The cytotoxicity of spleenocytes activated by lymphokine IL-2 or IL-2 and Tremella Polysaccharide to P815,H22 and B16 was detected by ?-scintillation counter after 2 hours.Subcutaneous injection of the above-mentioned spleenocytes to the local area of jepatocarcinoma of mice,one injection every two days,5 times totally.To examine tumor weight,size,histological changes and morphological changes in main viscerals.Results:The significantly cytotoxicity to tumor cells of spleenocytes activated by IL-2 and Tremella Polysaccharide was observed.To B16,the cytotoxicity of activated spleenocytes was the strongest.To H22,the cytotoxicity of activated spleenocytes was stronger and to P815,the cytotoxicity was the weakest,the cytotoxicity of TP-LAK cells was significantly stronger than that of LAK cells( P

The expression of heat shock proteins(HSPs) can protect against acute lung injury(ALI).However,HSPs are restrained from clinical application due to the toxicity of most of the former inductors.Glutamine,which also has the ability to induce the expression of HSPs,can protect against ALI and sepsis,and may serve as a candidate for clinical application.

Objective To investigate the in vivo effects of glutamine(Gln) on inflammatory cytokine release in murine peritoneal macrophages during sepsis. Methods Sixty Kunming mice were randomly divided into sham-operation group(Sham group,n=20),operation control group(Con group,n=20) and Gln-treatment group(Gln group,n=20).Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture in Gln group and Con group,and Gln(0.75 g/kg) or saline was immediately administered via single tail vein injection.Serum was collected and macrophages were harvested from peritoneal lavage at 6 h in these three groups.Intracellular and serum cytokines of tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?),interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-10 were detected by ELISA.The expression of TNF-? mRNA in macrophages was analyzed by RT-PCR,and the expression of heat shock protein(HSP) 72 in macrophages was evaluated by Western blotting. Results Gln group demonstrated significantly lower intracellular TNF-? and IL-6 levels than Con group(P0.05).The serum TNF-? level was significantly lower in Gln group than in Con group(P

Objective To investigate the status of invasive fungal infection(IFI)associated with hematopathy,and evaluate drug resistance and risk factors of fungal infection.Methods 1 246 cases of infection occurred in patients in a hospital from 2006 to 2010 were analyzed retrospectively,pathogenic features and risk factors of IFI were ana-lyzed.Results There were 281 cases of fungal infection,and 162 fungal isolates were isolated,the main infection site was respiratory tract(134 isolates,82.72%).Four major Candida were Candida albicans ,Candida tropicalis , Candida glabrata ,and Candida krusei ;in 2006-2009,the main fungi were Candida albicans ,while in 2010,the majority were non-Candida albicans .The resistant rates of four isolated Candida to fluconazole and itraconazole were 5.15% and 4.41 % respectively,6 isolated Candida krusei strains were all resistant to both fluconazole and itraconazole,voriconazole-resistant strain was not found.The independent risk factors for fungal infection were dia-betes and duration time of agranulocytosis>14 days.Conclusion The proportion of infection caused by non-Candi-da albicans increased obviously,fluconazole-and itraconazole-resistant non-Candida albicans strains have emerged, comprehensive measures should be adopted to prevent IFI actively and treat patients early.

Objective To study the partial laboratory detection indicators in the patients with abnormal cystatin C (Cys C) . Methods The relevant data in the patients of our hospital from August 2014 to February 2014 were collected and the partial labo‐ratory detection indicators were compared between the patients with normal Cys C and the patients with abnormal Cys C .Results Cys C had statistical difference between the kidney disease group and the control group (P<0 .05);Cys C had statistical difference between the abnormal Cys C group and the control group (P<0 .05) ,RBC ,Hb ,HCT (male ,female) in the abnormal Cys C group were lower than the reference ranges ;while GLU ,TP and Alb in the abnormal Cys C group were within the reference ranges ,but lower than those in the control group ,UA was higher than that in the control group with statistical difference (P<0 .05) .Conclu‐sion Certain degree of malnutrition exists in the patients with abnormal Cys C .

Objective To compare the consistency of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in detecting c-erbB-2 status in breast cancer tissues. Methods A total of 50 breast cancer paraffin embedded samples were selected, of which there were 10 cases of c-erbB-2 protein expression (+), 20 cases of (++) and 20 cases of (+++). FISH was used to assess the amplification of c-erbB-2 gene, and SPSS 13.0 software was employed to analyze the difference and consistency between the two methods. Results IHC and FISH methods had a good consistency when detecting c-erbB-2 (+) and (+++) expressions in breast cancer tissues, with the coincidence rate of 89.2%. However, when IHC was used to test c-erbB-2 (++), the result of FISH was quite different, with the coincidence rate of only 35.3%. Conclusion IHC is a preliminary method to detect c-erbB-2 status in breast cancer. IHC and FISH methods have a good consistency in detecting c-erbB-2 (+) and (+++) status in breast cancer tissues. As detection of c-erbB-2 (++) with IHC has a different result from FISH, such patients should receive FISH confirmation for herceptin therapy.

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a member of the Entero-virus genus of the Picornaviridae family and is the major cause of Hand,foot,and mouth disease (HFMD) in children.Different strains from Gansu were cloned and the P1 protein was sequenced and analysed.Results indicate that there are three kinds of EV71 infections prevalent in Gansu.The VP1 protein from one of these strains,55F,was expressed.The recombinant protein was expressed with high level and reacted specifically with the EV71 patient antibody,the recombinant protein was also applied to raise antiserum in rabbits and after the fourth injection a high titer of antiserum was detected by ELISA assay.These data are useful for further clarification of prevalent EV71 strains in the north of China at the molecular level and provide a basis for EV71 diagnosis.

Endophytic fungi were isolated from Macleaya cordata growing in Dabie Mountain by agar-block method, and then the endophytic fungi were grouped into different types based on their morphological characteristics, and thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were employed to determine whether the metabolic substances contained sanguinarine or not, and then preliminarily identified by morphological method. The results showed that the leaves hosted the largest number of endophytes (96 isolates) followed by the stems (57 isolates) and finally the roots (28 isolates), respectively. Based on morphological characteristics the endophytic fungi were grouped into 26 types in our study. TLC and HPLC results showed that there was sanguinarine in the metabolic substances of BLH 51 strain. According to the morphological characteristic, the BLH 51 strain was identified as Fusarium proliferatum. All these indicated that the medicinal plant M. cordata harbors abundant endophytes, which could be a new source for the search of active secondary metabolites.
Benzophenanthridines ; metabolism ; Endophytes ; isolation & purification ; Fungi ; isolation & purification ; Isoquinolines ; metabolism ; Papaveraceae ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Plant Leaves ; microbiology ; Plant Roots ; microbiology ; Plant Stems ; microbiology

Objective To investigate the associations of variants in signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) in Chinese Han population with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods The study was performed in 228 RA cases and 228 controls. Haplotypes from the HapMap database Chinese population were used to select tag-single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (r2=0.9) in STAT4 gene. Twenty-three SNPs located in STAT4 gene were examined by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was tested by a chi-square and Fisherˊs analysis. Differences in genotypes of the STAT4 polymorphism variants were evaluated using a Chi-square test. All statistical analyses were done with Haploview 4.1 software. Results Significant difference was detected in three SNPs (rs11685878, rs129888 and rs16833437) in allele frequencies analysis (χ2=6.014 8, 4.024 8, 5.539 1, P<0.05). Association was detected for three SNPs (rs11685878, rs16833437 and rs12988825) in genotype analysis ( χ2=6.814 9, 6.098 7, 6.691 7, P<0.05). Conclusion STAT4 may associate with susceptibility in Chinese Han population.