OBJECTIVETo verify the optimal cut-off points for overweight and obesity in Chinese adults based on the relationship of baseline body mass index (BMI) to all-cause mortality, and incidence of cardiovascular diseases from pooled data of Chinese cohorts.

METHODSThe prospective study data of existing cohort studies in China were collected, and the age-adjusted all-cause mortality stratified by BMI were estimated. The similar analysis was repeated after excluding deaths within the first three years of follow-up and after excluding smokers. The incidence of age-adjusted coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke stratified by BMI were also analyzed. Multiple Cox regression coefficients of BMI for the incidence of CHD and stroke after controlling other risk factors were pooled utilizing the methods of weighting by inverse of variance to reveal whether BMI had independent effect and its strength on the incidence of CHD and stroke.

RESULTSThe data of 4 cohorts including 76,227 persons, with 745,346 person-years of follow-up were collected and analyzed. The age-adjusted all-cause mortality stratified by BMI showed a U-shaped curve, even after excluding deaths within the first three years of follow-up and excluding smokers. Age-adjusted all-cause mortality increased when BMI was lower than 18.5 and higher than 28. The incidence of CHD and stroke, especially ishemic stroke increased with increasing BMI, this was consistent with parallel increasing of risk factors. Cox regression analysis showed that BMI was an independent risk factor for both CHD and stroke. Each amount of 2 kg/m2 increase in baseline BMI might cause 15.4%, 6.1% and 18.8% increase in relative risk of CHD, total stroke and ischemic stroke. Reduction of BMI to under 24 might prevent the incidence of CHD by 11% and that of stroke by 15% for men, and 22% of both diseases for women.

CONCLUSIONBMI < or = 18.5, 24-27.9 and > or = 28 (kg/m2) is the appropriate cut-off points for underweight, overweight and obesity in Chinese adults.

Adult ; Aged ; Body Mass Index ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; epidemiology ; etiology ; mortality ; Cause of Death ; China ; epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; complications ; Prospective Studies ; Reference Values ; Smoking ; adverse effects ; Stroke ; epidemiology ; etiology ; mortality

Objective To explore the effective method at different times of the early treatment of acupuncture and rehabilitation therapy on motor dysfunction after cerebral infarction. Methods According the course of disease ,97 patients with motor dysfunction after cerebral infarction were divided into two groups:the observation group (48h after onset) and the control group(48h after stable vital signs). The two groups were given to the same acupuncture and rehabilitation treatment at 48h after onset and stable vital signs using 48h after respectively in the premise of conventional treatment. The treatment outcomes after three courses were compared,and each course was 7 ～ 10d. Results The Fugl-Meyer motor function score and FMA motor dysfunction assessed in the observation group were better than that in the control group (P <0.01, P < 0.05 ). Conclusion The acupuncture and rehabilitation treatment for motor dysfunction after cerebral infarction at 48 h after onset was better than that at 48h after stable vital signs.

Objective To investigate the usage of antibiotics in pediatrics patients in Changchun,and detect the bacterial drug resistance of main pathogens for direction of the appropriate clinical choice of drug antibiotics.Methods A total of 900 cases of infectious patients were retrospectively investigated in antibiotic usage in the ⅢA hospital in Changchun from January 2003 to November 2005 and the data were statistics analyzed.The bacterium were isolated from all kinds of specimen of children in hospital patients from December 2004 to November 2005,according to the method of "Clinical Medicine Test Handbook".All bacterial isolated from bacterial susceptibility tes-(ting) was done with Kirby-Bauey method.Tests were performed according to the guidelines of National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards(NCCLS)(2004).Results Antibiotics were administered in all of the cases.Four categories and 11 kinds of antibiotics were used.Usage of the first six antibiotics were as followed: ceftezole(22.3%),cefoperazone-sulbactam(21.6%),amoxicillin clavulanic acid((19.6%),)penicilin(17.2%),azithromycin(16.40%),oxacillin(10.1%).The rate of antibiotic use was 60.6% for solo use,70.7% for bigeminy use,81.7% for intravenously guttae,18.3% for peroral administration.Eight hundred and eighteen strains of pathogens were isolated.Gram-positive coccus,gram-negative accounted for 48.0% and 52.0%,respectively.All bacterium isolated showed a high resistance against penicillins and cephalosporins.Drug resistance rate of Gram-positive bacteria to penicillin was more than 50.0%,CNS,S.aureus,E.faecalis and S.pneumonic to erythromycin and cphalosporins was over 71.4% and 35.7%.The antibiotic remaining the most active against Gram-positive bacteria was vancomycin.The drug resistance rate against imipenem and ciprofloxacin were lower than(25.0%.)The antibiotic resistance rate of Gram-negative bacteria to ampicillin,cephalosporins and aztreonam were more than 83.0%,(40.0%) and 32.0%,to piperacillin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid were morn than 68.9%,except P.aeruginosa(33.3%).The susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria was imipenem(

Objective To discuss the clinical application of preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in treating squamous cell carcinoma of tongue. Methods A total of 26 patients with pathologically proved squamous cell carcinoma of tongue were enrolled in this study. Using Seldinger technique, lingual artery angiography and TACE were carried out in all patients. Radical resection of tongue cancer was performed in 2-3 weeks after TACE. Results Super-selective catheterization and TACE was successfully accomplished in all patients. After TACE the tumor size was significantly decreased in all patients. During the operation, clear lesion's border was observed, and the amount of blood loss was less than usual. Conclusion For the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of tongue, preoperative superselective TACE is safe and effective;it can increase the opportunity of surgical resection, reduce the surgical damage, and improve the quality of life as well as the survival rate.

Objective To investigate the relationship between absent end-diastolic velocity (AEDV) in umbilical artery and perinatal outcome,and to explore the effect of termination time of pregnancy on perinatal outcome. Methods Data of thirty five pregnant women with AEDV admitted into Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from January 2008 to December 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.According to gestational age and treatment,they were divided into four groups.Group 1:AEDV was identified before 28 weeks without treatment (n=5); Group 2:AEDV was found before 28 weeks,and then was treated (n=13); Group 3:AEDV was found after 28 weeks,and was not treated (n=11); Group 4:AEDV was found after 28 weeks,and then was treated (n=6). Except for three patients in Group 2,all patients had complications.Data were presented by frequency,rate or mean±SD. Results Among the 35 patients,19 (54.3％) delivered and 23 living children were born.When AEDV was found,the gestational age was less than 28 weeks and the mean gestational age was (22.8 ± 2.2) weeks in Group 1,(24.2 ± 2.0) weeks in Group 2,however,the gestational age was over 28 weeks and the mean value was (30.9± 2.8) weeks in Group 3 and (29.5±0.8) weeks in Group 4.Treatment was given to women in Groups 2 and 4,but not in Group 1 and 3.In Group 1,one patient complicated with twin-twin transfusion syndrome; one with hemolysis,elevated liver enzymes and low platelet syndrome and placental abruption; three recovered after two weeks and babies survived.In Group 2,the termination time was (31.4 ± 5.5)gestational weeks and the duration of treatment was (10.7± 5.5) days.AEDV of six patients were not improved after treatment,among which five accepted induced abortion,one had preterm delivery.The rest six women underwent cesarean section and one term delivered.Babies survived except for one preterm neonate and one lost in follow-up.In Group 3,the termination time was (31.2 ± 2.9)gestational weeks.Five patients accepted artificial abortion for severe complications of mother or babies; the other six patients accepted cesarean section,among which one complicated with placental abruption and baby died.The rest five babies survived.In Group 4,the pregnancies were terminated at an average of (32.8±2.9) gestational weeks and the duration of treatment was (10.8±6.7) days.Two accepted induction after treatment and four recovered to normal after treatment and accepted cesarean section with four wellbeing babies. Conclusions Perinatal outcomes of patients with AEDV complicated with severe complications after active treatment might relate to the termination time.Some patients with AEDV without severe complications might recover spontaneously with good prognosis.

PI3K/Akt pathway is a biological signal transduction pathway activated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K).It plays a key role in cell proliferation,cell-cycle regulation,apoptosis initiation,and angiogenesis.In addition,the PI3K/Akt pathway is closely associated with the protection mechanisms of central nervous system damage.In-depth study of PI3K/Akt,downstream molecules and their regulation mechanisms,can provide some new ideas and methods for the treatment of brain injury.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Jiawei Guizhi Fuling Decoction combined with mifepristone on uterine fibroids and the changes of serum sex hormone levels in patients after treatment.MethodsForty-two patients were randomly divided into three groups: control group (42 cases) and control group (41 cases).The rats were treated with Guizhi Fuling Decoction plus mifepristone combination for three months.The control group was given only monotherapy with normal mifepristone tablets.The time of treatment was consistent with that of the study group.The levels of serum sex hormones were measured quantitatively before and after treatment.By comparing the therapeutic effect of the patients in different experimental groups and the levels of hormone Differences in evaluation between groups.ResultsThe total effective rate of 92.9% in the study group was significantly better than that in the control group (73.8%).The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.01).After treatment, the study group and the control group Uterine / tumor volume was significantly reduced, the difference was significantly different (P<0.01), compared between the two groups after treatment of uterine / tumor volume, the study group than the control group, the volume was significantly reduced, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Serum levels of sex hormones: Serum levels of E2 and P were significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (P<0.05).Before and after treatment, the levels of serum E2 and P were lower in the two groups than before treatment (P<0.05).ConclusionJiawei Guizhi Fuling Decoction combined with mifepristone has a better effect on the treatment of uterine fibroids with mifepristone monotherapy, which significantly reduces the level of serum sex hormones and promotes the reduction of uterine / tumor volume after administration.It is worthy of promotion the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine conservative treatment of uterine fibroids means.

Objective This study was aimed to investigate the effects of Ginger combined with Rhubarb on hyperuricemia in mice. Methods The mice hyperuricemic model was made by orally administering yeast extract, The mice were randomly divided into 7 groups,includinglow,middle and high dose of Ginger combined with Rhubarb group, Rhubarb group, and allopurinol group was given corresponding drugs respectively by gavage, and the uric acid (uA), creatinine (Cr), urea nitrogen (BUN) level in blood and XOD activity in liver were observed for all mice in each group. Results Compared to hyperuricaemia model control group,UA level and XOD activity in liver of mice of the three doses of Ginger combined with Rhubarb groups received dose-dependent decrease. Conclusion Ginger combined with Rhubarb can reduce UA level and XOD activity in liver in hyperuricaemia mice model.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of distalizing mandibular dentition with micro-implant in patients with skeletal classⅢmalocclusion.Methods: In the study, 20 patients with skeletal class Ⅲmalocclusion were selected.They are consist of 8 males and 12 female with an age range from 16 to 38 years old and an average age of (21.5±5.6) years.They were treated with straight wire technique and the implant were inserted into the mandibular external oblique line to distlize the lower dentition to a class Ⅰmolar relationships.Cephalometrics films were taken before and after treatment.The changes of hard tissue and soft tissue were analyzed by evaluating 26 measurement measurements.Results: ClassⅠmolar relationships were achieved, and the profile were improved after treatment.ANB increased by(0.80±1.02)°,Wits increased by (1.67±1.74) mm,after treatment(P<0.05).The lower dentition were significantly retracted after treatment with L1-NB distance decreased by(2.64±1.50) mm, P<0.05;the mesial buccal cusp and mesial root of the lower first molars were retracted by (3.26±1.95) mm and (0.79±1.27) mm respectively (P<0.05);the mesial buccal cusp of the lower second molars were retracted by (3.06±1.80) mm (P<0.05).After treatment, mandibular teeth got up-righted distally.From incisors to molar, L1/MP, L5/MP, L6/MP, L7/MP angle decreased by(6.37±8.53)°, (10.59±8.50)°, (11.48±7.22)°, (15.72±7.16)°on average respectively (P<0.05), all of those changes had the statically significant effects.Soft tissue change after treatment, the distance from lower lip to esthetic plane were decreased by (1.70±1.59) mm on average (P<0.05).Conclusion: Distalizing mandibular dentition with micro-implant can get an satisfying result in patients with skeletal class Ⅲmalocclusion, the lower teeth were retracted by controlled tipping movement.

Nitrogen mustard encapsulated with liposomes was administered to the rabbits with acute experimental serum sickness(AESS). Then the serum levels of anti-BSA antibodies and circulating; immune complex(CIC), CH50, and WBC count were determined. The ACPase activity of spleen macrophages was measured. And the sections of renal tissues, after HE-stained, were studied for the accumulation of CIC and the pathological changes. It was found that liposome-encapsulated nitrogen mustard can increase the macrophage activity and in turn aggravate the renal damages of AESS rabbits.The results suggest that the renal damages of AESS rabbits can immunopatholo-gically be attributed to the increased activity of macrophages.