Doxorubicin (DOX)belongs to anthraquinone anti-tumor antibiotics,which is now one of most widely used anti-cancer drugs in clinic,but it possesses cardiotoxicity.How to reduce its cardiotoxicity is still a hot problem in current research.This article made an overview for monitoring and prevention of DOX cardiotoxicity.

Objective To research the biomechanical characteristics and clinical applicant of posterior transarticular screws (Magerl technique) with bene graft in atlantoaxial instability.Methods 30 fresh cadaver human cervical spine specimens were obtained and randomized subdivided into 5 groups:intact group,atlantoaxial destabilized group,atlantoaxial destabilized and fixed with pedicle screws group,fixed with Magerl screws group and fixed with Maged screws combined with Brooks way group.ROM(range of motion)and NZ(neutral zone)of extend,flex,right and left lateral bend,right and left rotation of each specimen in 5 groups were measured.Transarticular screws were placed in 23 patients with atlantoaxial instability from 2000 Feb.to 2005 Jan.,with 16 males and 7 females,age from 17 to 62 years.20 of them were traumatic dislocation and 3 were congenital instable.Results Biomechanical study indicated that stability of all 6 degrees were Magerl+Brooks＞Magerl screws＞Pedicle screws＞Intact＞Destabilized.23 patient were fixed with 46 Maged screws in total,none were suffered from vertebral artery injury and neurological deterioration.All patients were followed-up from 4 to 36 months.2 of them complained that difficult in rotation of head.Conclusion Single use of Magerl screw can provide enough biomechanical stable for adantoaxial instability,and is an effective,low-risky way combined with intra-spinal-process bone graft.

Purpose:To clarify the association between renal cysts and renal cell carcinoma (RCC), we analyzed the clinical characteristics of patients with renal cell carcinoma and renal cyst. Methods:From May 1996 to January 2004, a total of 198 patients were hospitalized for renal cell carcinoma in our department, and 64 patients had both renal cysts and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The clinical characteristics of the 64 patients were evaluated, and compared to 106 renal cell carcinoma (RCC)patients without renal cysts from the 198 patients in the same period. Results:Renal cysts were identified by preoperative ultrasonography, computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in 37%(22/59)、24%(15/61) and 35%(6/17) respectively. Histopathological examination revealed renal cyst in 15 patients (23%). The sizes of renal cyst were 0.5 to 12 cm. The pathological examinations showed clear cell carcinoma in 61, chromophilic cell carcinoma in 2 and a combined type of clear cell carcinoma and chromophilic cell carcinoma in 1. Compared to RCC patients with those without renal cyst,younger and male RCC patients were easier to also have with renal cyst(P

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of TLR-2 and HO-1 in recurrent nasal polyps,and to discuss the relationship between the expression and the recurrence of nasal polyps. Methods The immune protein imprinting technology was used to detect the protein expression of TLR-2 and HO-1 in 20 cases of recurrent nasal polyps,20 cases of nasal polyps and 20 cases of normal mucosal tissue in control group, and the relationship between the two proteins were analyzed. Results Expression levels of TLR-2 and HO-1 in the tissues of the recurrent nasal polyps had statistically significant difference with nasal polyps group ( <0.05) . Expression levels of TLR-2 and HO-1 in the tissues of the nasal polyps had statistically significant difference with normal nasal mucosa tissues ( <0.05) .The expression of TLR-2 and HO-1 had significant correlation in each group ( <0.05) .Conclusion TLR-2 and HO-1 plays an important role in the recurrence mechanism of nasal polyps, and both of them may be as objective indicators for postoperative follow-up of patients with recurrent nasal polyps and judging the recurrent trend.

Objective To investigate the effects of Bushen Yangxue decoction combined with hormone replacement effects on sex hormone level and symptom score in patients with premature ovarian failure .Methods 112 patients with premature ovarian failure from March 2014 to November 2015 in Zhejiang Tongde Hospital were divided into two groups with 56 cases in each group.The control group was treated with hormone replacement therapy , the combined group was treated with Bushen Yangxue decoction on the basis of the control group.The curative effect was compared between the two groups, the sex hormone, traditional Chinese medicine symptoms score, QOL score and endometrial thickness were compared between the two groups before treatment, at the end of treatment and 3 months after discontinuation.Results At the end of the treatment, there was no significant difference in total effective rate between the combined group (91.07%) and the control group (85.71%).At the end of the treatment, the scores of TCM symptoms and QOL scores were significantly lower in the two groups, and the endometrial thickness was significantly higher (P<0.05), compared with the control group at the end of treatment,the combined group TCM symptom score was lower(P<0.05), QOL score and endometrial thickness had no significant difference, after stopping drug for three months, there was no significant difference in the levels of TCM score, QOL score, endometrial thickness between the two groups.In the control group TCM score, QOL score were significantly higher, and significantly higher than the levels of the same period of the combined group, endometrial thickness was significantly lower, and the level of the same period was significantly lower than that of the combined group(P<0.05), at the end of treatment, the two groups of FSH, LH significantly decreased, E2 significantly increased(P <0.05), there was no significant difference between the two groups, after stopping drug for three months, there was no significant difference in the levels of E2, LH, FSH.The control group, LH and FSH levels were lower and E2 levels were higher in the control group at three months after discontinuation compared with those at the end of treatment (P<0.05).Compared with the control group, LH and FSH levels were lower and E2 levels were higher in the combined group after 3 months of drug withdrawal (P<0.05).Conclusion Bushen Yangxue decoction combined with hormone substitution method can significantly increase in patients with premature ovarian failure of sex hormone level, improve the recovery of patients with ovarian function.

Objective To investigate the potential roles of tumor necrosis factor -related apoptosis -indu-cing ligand(TRAIL)signaling system in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer.Methods Immunohistochemistry tech-niques were used,the TRAIL and its receptor(TRAILR3,TRAILR4)protein were analyzed in both 41 colorectal cancer samples(colorectal cancer group)and normal samples beside cancer tissue(normal group).Results The lev-els of TRAIL and TRAILR3 protein expression in the colorectal cancer group were significantly lower than those in the normal group[(0.237 ±0.036)vs.(0.289 ±0.069);(0.226 ±0.052)vs.(0.281 ±0.068),t =4.125,4.025,all P <0.01],while the positive rate of them were nonsignificant difference between the two groups(88% vs.90%;95%vs.93%,χ2 =0.125,0.213,all P >0.05).The expression levels of them in the colorectal cancer group with poorl differentiation were notably lower than those with high -moderate differentiation[(0.205 ±0.021 )vs (0.245 ± 0.034);(0.185 ±0.032)vs (0.236 ±0.051),t =4.025,2.664,P <0.01,P <0.05],but they were not strongly correlated to lymph nodes metastasis[(0.235 ±0.035 )vs (0.241 ±0.338);(0.216 ±0.048)vs (0.231 ± 0.054),t =0.448,0.862,all P >0.05].Moreover,the positive rate and expression levels of TRAILR4 protein was non -statistic significant difference between the two groups[93% vs 98%;(0.196 ±0.085)vs (0.219 ±0.061),χ2 =1.051,t =1.353,all P >0.05],and it was also non -significantly correlated with cancer cell differentiation and lymph nodes metastasis[(0.176 ±0.052)vs (0.201 ±0.091);(0.194 ±0.054)vs (0.197 ±0.100),t =0.667, 0.448,all P >0.05].Conclusion The levels of TRAIL and TRAILR3 expression are attenuated at colorectal cancer tissue.The expression of them are correlated with cancer cell differentiation grade.These findings indicate that TRAIL system may be associated with the malignant phenotype in colorectal cancer.

Cochlear Implantation ; instrumentation ; Cochlear Implants ; Electrodes ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Prosthesis Failure

Objective To evaluate the hinged external flxator in combination with internal fixation for treatment of old type B fractures of the distal humerus.Methods Eleven cases of old type B fractures of distal humerus treated in our department were studied retrospectively.They were treated with hinged external fixators in combination with internal fixation and evaluated according to Mayo elbow performance scores.Results All the patients were followed up for 10 to 18(mean, 12.5)months.The mean union time was 4.6(range, 3.5 to 6.0)months.The final range of flexion to extension of the elbow was 19.4°±6.5° to 124.2°±11.3°.The final ranges of pronation and supination were 72.8°±5.4° and 67.6°± 7.3°.By Mayo elbow performance scores, the post-operative functional outcome of the elbow was excellent in 5 patients, good in 4, and fair in 2.Conclusion The old type B fractures of distal humerus can be effectively treated with hinged external fixators in combination with internal fixation, for early rehabilitation and restoration of the elbow function can be facilitated.

AIM:To observe the effect of altitude hypoxia on ?-aminobutyric (GABA) content and prepro-somatostatin mRNA (PPS-mRNA) in the rat hypothalamus. METHODS: Using altitude hypoxia model,in situ hybridization and amino acid analyzer, the number of PPS-mRNA and GABA content in rat hypothalamus was determined. RESULTS:After altitude hypoxia, the contents of GABA in hypothalamus and the number of PPS-mRNA neurons in periventricular nucleus (PeVN), paraventricular nucleus (PaVN) and arcuate nucleus (ArcN) increased significiantly. Bicuculline, a GABA receptor antagonits, could enhance PPS-mRNA expression evoked by altitude hypoxia, but had no effect on GABA content. CONCLUSION: Altitude hypoxia can induce neurotransmitter imbalance of hypothalamus.

AIM: To observe the effect of altitude hypoxia on glutamate, aspartate and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the rat hypothalamus. METHODS: Using altitude hypoxia model, amino acid analysis system and the NADPH-d histochemistry, we determined the content of glutamate, aspartate and the number of NADPH-d neurons in the rat hypothalamus. RESULTS: After altitude hypoxia, the contents of glutamate, aspartate in the hypothalamus of rats were increased significantly, densely and deeply stained NADPH-d neurons were seen in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN)and supraoptic nucleus(SON). If rat were pretreated with the NMDA receptor blockers Ketamine (ip,40 mg/Kg)or AP-V(i.c.v, 10 ?g) , the number of NADPH-d neurons in the rat hypothalamic PVN and SON was markedly less than that in corresponding altitude hypoxia group. CONCLUSION: NMDA receptor may take part in the expression of hypothalamic NOS induced by altitude hypoxia.